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1.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 34(3): 10-16, sept. 2023. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1552469

RESUMO

Introducción: La escisión completa del mesocolon con linfadenectomía D3 (CME-D3) mejora los resultados de los pacientes operados por cáncer del colon. Reconocer adecuadamente la anatomía vascular es fundamental para evitar complicaciones. Objetivo: El objetivo primario fue determinar la prevalencia de las variaciones anatómicas de la arteria mesentérica superior (AMS) y sus ramas en relación a la vena mesentérica superior (VMS). El objetivo secundario fue evaluar la asociación entre las distintas variantes anatómicas y el sexo y la etnia de lo pacientes. Diseño: Estudio de corte transversal. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 225 pacientes con cáncer del colon derecho diagnosticados entre enero 2017 y diciembre de 2020. Dos radiólogos independientes describieron la anatomía vascular observada en las tomografías computadas. Según la relación de las ramas de la AMS con la VMS, la población fue dividida en 2 grupos y subdividida en 6 (1a-c, 2a-c). Resultados: La arteria ileocólica fue constante, transcurriendo en el 58,7% de los casos por la cara posterior de la VMS. La arteria cólica derecha, presente en el 39,6% de los pacientes, cruzó la VMS por su cara anterior en el 95,5% de los casos. La variante de subgrupo más frecuente fue la 2a seguida por la 1a (36,4 y 24%, respectivamente). No se encontró asociación entre las variantes anatómicas y el sexo u origen étnico. Conclusión: Las variaciones anatómicas de la AMS y sus ramas son frecuentes y no presentan un patrón predominante. No hubo asociación entre las mismas y el sexo u origen étnico en nuestra cohorte. El reconocimiento preoperatorio de estas variantes mediante angiotomografía resulta útil para evitar lesiones vasculares durante la CME-D3. (AU)


Background: Complete mesocolic excision with D3 lymphadenectomy (CME-D3) improves the outcomes of patients operated on for colon cancer. Proper recognition of vascular anatomy is essential to avoid complications. Aim: Primary outcome was to determine the prevalence of anatomical variations of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and its branches in relation to the superior mesenteric vein (SMV). Secondary outcome was to evaluate the association between these anatomical variations and sex and ethnicity of the patients. Design: Cross-sectional study. Material and methods: Two hundred twenty-fivepatients with right colon cancer diagnosed between January 2017 and December 2020 were included. Two independent radiologists described the vascular anatomy of computed tomography scans. The population was divided into 2 groups and subdivided into 6 groups (1a-c, 2a-c), according to the relationship of the SMA and its branches with the SMV. Results: The ileocolic artery was constant, crossing the SMV posteriorly in 58.7% of the cases. The right colic artery, present in 39.6% of the patients, crossed the SMV on its anterior aspect in 95.5% of the cases. The most frequent subgroup variant was 2a followed by 1a (36.4 and 24%, respectively). No association was found between anatomical variants and gender or ethnic origin. Conclusions: The anatomical variations of the SMA and its branches are common, with no predominant pattern. There was no association between anatomical variations and gender or ethnic origin in our cohort. Preoperative evaluation of these variations by computed tomography angi-ography is useful to avoid vascular injuries during CME-D3. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias do Colo/cirurgia , Colo Ascendente/anatomia & histologia , Colo Ascendente/irrigação sanguínea , Excisão de Linfonodo , Mesocolo/cirurgia , Argentina , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Estudos Transversais , Artéria Mesentérica Superior/anatomia & histologia , Distribuição por Sexo , Colectomia/métodos , Distribuição por Etnia , Variação Anatômica , Veias Mesentéricas/anatomia & histologia
2.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 75(4)ago. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515244

RESUMO

Objetivo: Identificar los patrones de distribución vascular del ángulo esplénico del colon (AEC) en la población chilena para su comparación con la literatura oriental (Fukuoka). Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se caracterizó la irrigación del AEC de imágenes con protocolo Urotac realizadas en Clínica INDISA entre el año 2020 y 2021 (n = 127), clasificándolas dentro de 6 tipos descritos por Fukuoka. Se evaluaron características demográficas y comorbilidades. Las variables fueron analizadas utilizando estadística descriptiva y la significancia mediante la prueba Chi2. Resultados: Existen diferencias en los tipos irrigación del AEC entre la serie local y Fukuoka, la irrigación tipo 3 fue la que presentó mayor variación (p < 0,05). El tipo 1 es la más frecuente (34,7%), sin casos del Tipo 4. No se identificó diferencia entre los distintos tipos de irrigación con relación a las variables demográficas y comorbilidades. Discusión: Al comparar nuestra serie con la oriental se evidenció similar frecuencia en tipos 1 y 6, mayor en tipos 3 y 5, y tipos 2 y 4 con menor representación. Se identificó un mayor aporte en la irrigación del AEC por la arteria cólica izquierda (ACI) en la población estudiada (64,6%). Conclusión: Nuestra población tiene mayor participación de ACI en irrigación del AEC que orientales (64,6% vs 49,6%), los tipos más frecuentes son 1, 3 y 6, el Tipo 1 es la forma más frecuente de irrigación, similar a Fukuoka (34,7% vs 39,7%), Tipo 3 tiene mayor representación en nuestra población que en la oriental (29,9% vs 9,9%).


Objective: To identify the vascular distribution patterns of the splenic flexure of the colon (AEC) in the Chilean population for comparison with the oriental literature (Fukuoka). Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. The irrigation of the AEC of images with the Urotac protocol performed at the INDISA Clinic between 2020 and 2021 (n = 127) was characterized, classifying them into 6 types described by Fukuoka. Demographic characteristics and comorbidities were evaluated. Variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics and significance using the Chi2 test. Results: There are differences in the types of irrigation of the AEC between the local series and Fukuoka, irrigation type 3 was the one that presented the greatest variation (p < 0.05). Type 1 is the most frequent (34.7%), with no cases of Type 4. No difference was identified between the different types of irrigation in relation to demographic variables and comorbidities. Discussion: When comparing our series with the eastern one, a similar frequency was found in types 1 and 6, higher in types 3 and 5, and types 2 and 4 with less representation. A greater contribution was identified in the irrigation of the AEC by the left colic artery (ICA) in the population studied (64.6%). Conclusion: Our population has a greater participation of ICA in AEC irrigation than Orientals (64.6% vs 49.6%), the most frequent types are 1, 3 and 6, Type 1 is the most frequent form of irrigation, similar to Fukuoka (34.7% vs 39.7%), Type 3 is more represented in our population than in the eastern one (29.9% vs 9.9%).

3.
Int. j. morphol ; 31(3): 942-944, set. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-694983

RESUMO

During the routine dissection, a rare anomaly was observed in left lower limb of a female cadaver. The external iliac artery continued as femoral artery, branched on lateral side as the lateral circumflex femoral artery and on medial side as profunda femoris artery. On tracing the lateral circumflex femoral artery, the ascending branch towards the spinous anastomosis was very thin and coursed behind the rectus femoris muscle. The transverse and descending branches were not observed, however, the artery coursed along the vastus lateralis towards the knee. The femoral artery had its normal course and continued as popliteal artery. The profunda femoris artery originated from the medial side of the external iliac artery, initially superficial to the femoral vein, coursed downwards and posteriorly, relating posteromedial to femoral artery. The medial circumflex femoral artery originated as thin branch, which further divided into two divisions. The profunda femoris gave origin of 3 perforators and continued as 4th perforator. The unusual branching pattern was observed to be novel and not reported in the literature.


Durante una disección de rutina, se observó una rara anomalía en el miembro inferior izquierdo de un cadáver de sexo femenino. La arteria ilíaca externa dio origen en el lado lateral ala arteria circunfleja femoral lateral y en el lado medial a la arteria femoral profunda. En el recorrido de la arteria circunfleja femoral lateral, la rama ascendente era muy delgada y corría detrás del músculo recto femoral. No se observaron ramas transversales y descendente, sin embargo, la arteria descendió hacia la rodilla a lo largo del músculo vasto lateral. La arteria femoral tuvo su curso normal y continuó como arteria poplítea. La arteria femoral profunda, inicialmente superficial a la vena femoral, se dirigió inferior y posteriormente colocándose posteromedial a la arteria femoral. La arteria circunfleja femoral medial se originó como una rama delgada, que otorgó dos arterias. La arteria femoral profunda dio origen a tres ramas perforantes y continuó como cuarta perforante. Este patrón de ramificación inusual es una descripción nueva no reportada en la literatura.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Artéria Femoral/anatomia & histologia , Artéria Ilíaca/anatomia & histologia , Variação Anatômica , Artéria Femoral/anormalidades , Artéria Ilíaca/anormalidades , Cadáver
4.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1456111

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The subclavian arteries can vary on their origin, course or length. One of the most common anatomical variations is the right subclavian artery originating as the last branch of the aortic arch. This artery is known as a retroesophageal right subclavian artery or "lusory artery". The right retroesophageal subclavian artery usually is described as not producing symptoms, being most discoveries coincidental. Nevertheless, it may be the site of formation of atherosclerotic plaque, inflammatory lesions or aneurysm. CASE REPORT: The present study describes a case of right retroesophageal subclavian artery and discusses the findings according to their clinical and surgical implications. CONCLUSION: The anatomic and morphologic variations of the aortic arch and its branches are significant for diagnostic and surgical procedures in the thorax and neck. If a right retroesophageal subclavian artery is diagnosed during aortic arch repair, corrective surgery should be considered. Intensive care patients should be screened before long term placement of nasogastic tube, in order to avoid fistulization and fatal hemorrhage.


OBJETIVO: A artéria subclávia pode ser variável em sua origem, trajeto e/ou comprimento. Uma das variações anatômicas mais comuns é a origem da artéria subclávia direita como o último ramo do arco aórtico. Essa artéria é conhecida como artéria subclávia retroesofágica ou "artéria lusória". A artéria subclávia direita retroesofágica é comumente descrita como assintomática, sendo os achados, na maioria das vezes, acidentais. Entretanto, essa artéria pode ser um sítio de formação de placas ateromatosas, lesões inflamatórias ou até aneurismas. RELATO DE CASO: O presente estudo descreve um caso de artéria subclávia direita retroesofágica e discute os achados de acordo com sua importância clínica e implicações cirúrgicas. CONCLUSÃO: Variações anatômicas do arco aórtico e seus ramos são significantes para diagnósticos e procedimentos cirúrgicos do pescoço e do tórax. Caso uma artéria subclávia direita retroesofágica seja diagnosticada durante uma cirurgia do arco aórtico, um procedimento corretivo deve ser considerado. Pacientes em terapia intensiva devem ser investigados para a presença dessa variação anatômica antes de uma sondagem nasogástica de longa duração para se evitar complicações como fístulas e hemorragia.

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