Antropometría del Estribo en Humanos: Un Estudio Anatómico Directo / Human's Stape Anthropometry: A Direct Anatomic Study

Es modesta la base de datos morfológicos del estribo en humanos. Su caracterización morfométrica es importante cuando se compara con estribos de otras épocas ancestrales e igualmente en el estudio de una biomecánica oscicular compleja. Las características estructurales y dimensionales y pareadas del estribo fueron registradas en 23 huesos de población mestiza adulta Colombiana. Las medidas registradas involucraron el área de la articulación lenticular incudo-estapedial, la platina del estribo y los procesos anterior y posterior del estribo, en diferentes sentidos. Cinco de los dieciséis registros tomados en este estudio pudieron ser comparados concienzudamente con otros estudios. Las cinco medidas comparables fueron: el largo total de la platina con 2,87 mm DE 0,09; el ancho mayor de la platina con 1,36 mm DE 0,09; el largo del estribo con 3,18 DE 0,15 y la distancia interna interpilar con 1,65 DE 0,17; y la altura del arco con 1,82 DE 0,19. La angulación de los procesos anterior y posterior del estribo resulto en 29.01 grados DE 2.93. Conforme a la población estudiada no se logro encontrar variación individual o pareada en la anatomía del estribo, haciéndolo un hueso morfométricamente uniforme y estable.

There is a modest database about morphological data for the stapes in humans. Its preliminary characterization is important when compared with other ancestral times and also in the study of a complex oscicular biomechanics. Paired and structural characteristics of the stapes were registered in 23 bones of Colombian adult mestizo population. Registered measures involved the lenticular incudo-stapedial joint; the anterior and posterior processes of the stapes; and the footplate dimensions. Five of the sixteen records taken in this study could be carefully compared to other results. The five comparable measures were: the total length of the footplate with 2.87 SD 0.09 mm; the widest footplate zone with 1.36 SD 0.09 mm; the stape's total length with 0.15 SD 3.18 and internal interprocesses length with 1.65 SD 0.17; and the arc height with 1,82 SD 0,19. Anterior and posterior angulation of the stape processes was 29.01 SD 2.93 degrees. In accordance with the studied population the measures cannot show individually or paired variations in the anatomy of the stapes, making it a uniform and morphometrically stable bone.

Surgical Excision of Symptomatic Non United Fragment of Anterior Process Fractures of the Calcaneus / 대한스포츠의학회지

A fracture of the anterior process of the calcaneus has been considered unusual injury. A clinically missed diagnosis is often, that had gone on to non united fragment. Particularly if the patient has calcaneocuboid pain and disability, and that early excision of the fragment is usually advisable. There were 12 cases with performing the simple excision. The fracture characteristics were analyzed by Degan's classification; type 1 was 1case (8.3%), type 2 was 6 cases (50.0%) and type 3 was 5 cases (41.7%); and their morphology; elongation was 3 cases (50.0%) and fragmentation 3 cases (50.0%). And, the pre and post operative American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society midfoot score and visual analog scale was evaluated; 66.0 and 5.8 was significantly improved to 90.1 (p=0.007) and 2.2 (p=0.003), respectively. Postoperative Excellent and good satisfaction with possible return to previous sports activity was 10 cases (83.3%). Conclusively, simple excision of non united fragment of anterior process of the calcaneus is a successful clinical option.

Penetration of Joints by Screws on Anterior Process of Calcaenus

PURPOSE: This study was performed to determine the involvement of joints by screws, inserted on the anterior process of the calcaneus, using cadaveric specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An L-shaped lateral incision was performed on 32 embalmed feet (16 cadavers). An H-plate was applied on lateral wall of the calcaneus and it's anterior margin was located at 4 mm posterior to the lateral margin of the calcaneocuboidal joint. 3.5 mm cortical screws were inserted perpendicularly to the lateral calcaneal wall through the plate. Each calcaneus was dissected and taken out from the foot, and whether the tips of screws penetrated joints on the anterior process was evaluated. RESULTS: 11 (17.2%) of 64 screws, inserted on the anterior process, penetrated joints. Among them, seven screws involved the calcaneocuboidal joint and four screws penetrated the anterior facet of the subtalar joint. In two cases, both joints were penetrated by screws. CONCLUSION: This study shows that joint surfaces could be penetrated by screws inserted from the lateral surface on the anterior process of the calcaneus. Care should be given to selecting the length and insertional angle of screws. Intraoperative radiography would be needed to observe the articular surface on the anterior process, when screws were inserted to the anterior process close to the calcaneocuboidal joint.