Avaliação do tratamento antirretroviral de pessoas convivendo com HIV/aids que participam de um grupo de adesão / Evaluation of antiretroviral treatment of people living with HIV/aids participating in an adherence group

RESUMO Modelo de estudo: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo observacional, descritivo e transversal. Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento de adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral de pessoas convivendo com HIV/aids que participam de um Grupo de Adesão. Métodos: O questionário foi respondido por 15 pacientes maiores de 18 anos, independente do sexo, com diagnóstico confirmado de AIDS que participam de um Grupo de Adesão em um serviço de dispensação de antirretrovirais, e que após receberem informações pertinentes ao estudo, aceitaram participar voluntariamente, por meio da assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Resultado: A maioria dos participantes era do sexo masculino, acima de 40 anos (73,3%) e 26,6% eram economicamente ativos. Quanto à sexualidade, 80% dos entrevistados declararam ser heterossexual. Quanto à escolaridade, 60% não havia completado o ensino médio. O tempo de diagnóstico da doença predominante foi entre 10 e 16 anos, sendo que 46,6% referiram possuir outros problemas de saúde, como toxoplasmose, herpes, tuberculose e leishmaniose. A análise do questionário de adesão mostrou que 33,3% possuía uma boa adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral. Entre as interações droga-droga identificadas, 44,4% ocorreram entre os antirretrovirais. Conclusão: A partir da realização deste estudo foi possível concluir que 66,66% dos entrevistados relataram que em algum momento houve uma descontinuidade do tratamento, revelando uma dificuldade na manutenção do uso dos antirretrovirais em indivíduos convivendo com HIV/AIDS. No contexto da farmacoepidemiologia antirretroviral, as potenciais interações medicamentosas identificadas neste estudo foram eventos que afetam a resposta terapêutica levando a toxicidade (AU)

Study design: This is an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. Objective: Evaluating the adher-ence behavior to the antiretroviral treatment of people living with HIV/Aids who participate in an Adherence Group. Methods: The questionnaire was answered by 15 patients older than 18 years of age, regardless of sex, with a confirmed diagnosis of AIDS participating in an Adherence Group at an antiretroviral dispensing service, who, after receiving information related to the study, agreed to participate voluntarily, by singing the Written Informed Consent Form. Results: The majority of the participants were male, over 40 years old (73.3%) and 26.6% were economically active. Regarding sexuality, 80% of the interviewees stated that they were heterosexual. As for schooling, 60% had not finished high school. The time of diagnosis of the disease predominant was between 10 and 16 years, and 46.6% reported having other health problems, like toxoplasmosis, herpes, tuberculosis, and leishmaniasis. The analysis of the adherence questionnaire showed that 33.3% had good adherence to antiretroviral treatment. Among the drug-drug interactions identified, 44.4% occurred among antirretrovirals. Conclusion: Based on this study, it was possible to conclude that 66,66% at some point there was a discontinuation of treatment, revealing a difficulty in maintaining antiretroviral use in individuals living with HIV/aids. In the scenario of antiretroviral pharmacoepidemiology, the po-tential drug interactions identified in this study were events that affect the therapeutic response leading to toxicity (AU)

Analysis of the Application of Anti-HIV Drugs in Our Center during 2011-2014 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for clinical rational use and management of anti-HIV drugs,and to provide ref-erence basis for occupational exposure to develop free drug policy. METHODS:Using retrospective study method,according to DDD calculation method recommended by WHO,consumption sum,DDDs,DDC and B/A of anti-HIV drugs in our center during 2011-2014 were analyzed and evaluated. RESULTS:The consumption sum of anti-HIV drugs increased firstly and decreased later, increasing from 512112 yuan in 2011 to 650854 yuan in 2012,decreasing to 496473 yuan in 2014. DDDs of anti-HIV drugs in our center during 2011-2014 decreased from 35932 in 2011,to 16363 in 2014,showing decreasing tendency. The consumption sum of nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors during 2012-2014 took up the first place,and DDDs of nucleotide reverse tran-scriptase inhibitors took up the first place in 2011,2013,2014. DDDs of Zidovudine tablets took up the first place in 2013,2014, and that of Tangcao tablets took up top 3 places during 2011-2014. DDC of Tenofour disoproxil fumarate tablets,Zidovudine and la-mivudine tablets,Emtricitabine and tenofovir tablets,Lopinavir and ritonavir tablets were in high level,being more than 46 yuan. DDC of Zidovudine tablets,Stavadine tablets and Nevirapine tablets were in low level,being lower than 6 yuan. B/A of Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablets,Stavudine tablets and Efavirenz tablets ranged 0.5-1.5 in 4 years and B/A of Tangcao tablets was equal to 1,showing good synchronism of social and economical benefits. CONCLUSIONS:Clinical application of anti-HIV drugs in our center is rational basically,and the use of drug is basically consistent with the occupational exposure prevention. The use of TCM preparation is basically in line with the requirements of drug use in the clinic.

A Case of Lactic Acidosis Caused by Stavudine in an AIDS Patient

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), which are used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been associated with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, including hepatic steatosis, lipodystrophy, myopathy, and lactic acidosis. Such adverse effects are postulated to result from the inhibition of mitochondrial DNA gamma polymerase, which causes the depletion of mitochondrial DNA and eventual the disruption of oxidative phosphorylation. Although cases of severe decompensated lactic acidosis are rare, this syndrome is associated with a high mortality rate. We report upon the first Korean case, of severe lactic acidosis in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patient receiving stavudine, an anti-HIV drug.

Experimental Study on ATA Prescription in Treating Monkey with Chronic Infection of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / 广州中医药大学学报

[Objective] To investigate the effect of ATA, a herbal medicine compound, for the treatment of the chronic infection of simian immunodeficiency virus ( SIV) in monkeys. [ Methods ] Eight Rhesus monkeys were infected with SIVmac251 to establish monkey models with chronic infection of SIV. After 18 months, the monkeys were randomized into model group and ATA group, administered with saline and ATA 2 g?kg-1?d-1 for 56 days respectively. The changes of signs were observed, plasma levels of T-lymphocyte subsets CD4+ and CD8+ were detected by flow cytometry and the lymph node biopsy were observed under light microscope before and after treatment. [Results] After treatment, the body weight increased and the incidence of infective diarrhea decreased in ATA group, the difference being insignificant. ATA had no obvious effect on white blood cells counting and the replication number of plasma SIV, but increased the plasma levels of T-lymphocyte subsets CD4+ and CD8+(P