RESUMO
Phthalate derivatives cause a number of risks to human health and the environment. Essential oil and volatile fractions of some vegetables and herbal products were extracted by hydrodistillation and percolation methods to analyze using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for evaluation of phthalate contaminations. The results revealed that four vegetables and all aromatic waters were contaminated by phthalate derivatives including di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) (0.1-7.95%). Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a widely used synthetic antioxidant, was also found in the most of the aromatic waters in the range of 3.15-61.3%. In addition, three vegetable samples contained diazinon (0.36-4.61%), an organophosphorus insecticide. Plants and herbal preparations may be contaminated by the absorption of phthalates from contaminated water or soil or by the migration of phthalates from inexpensive recycled plastic. Regarding the widespread use and associated health risks of phthalates, effective quality and safety regulations for herbal products should be implemented with respect to their phthalate content.
Los derivados de ftalato causan una serie de riesgos para la salud humana y el medio ambiente. El aceite esencial y las fracciones volaÌtiles de algunos vegetales y productos a base de hierbas fueron extraiÌdos mediante hidrodestilacioÌn y meÌtodos de percolacioÌn y luego fueron analizados mediante cromatografiÌa de gases y espectrometriÌa de masas (GC-MS) con el propoÌsito de identificar contaminacioÌn con ftalatos. Los resultados revelaron que cuatro productos herbales y todas las aguas aromaÌticas analizadas estaban contaminadas con derivados de ftalato, incluyendo el ftalato de dibutulo (DBP), ftalato de diisobutilo y ftalato de bis(2-etilhexilo) (DEHP) (0.1-7.95%). El butilhidroxitolueno (BHT), un antioxidante sinteÌtico ampliamente utilizado, tambieÌn se encontroÌ en aguas aromaÌticas en el rango de 3.15- 61.3%. AdemaÌs, tres muestras vegetales conteniÌan diazinoÌn (0.36-4.61%), un insecticida organofosforado. Las plantas y las preparaciones herbales pueden ser contaminadas a partir de absorcioÌn de ftalatos del agua o el suelo contaminados o por la migracioÌn de ftalatos desde plaÌstico reciclado de bajo costo. Con respecto al uso generalizado y los riesgos asociados a la salud de los ftalatos, deben implementarse normas efectivas de calidad y seguridad para los productos a base de hierbas con respecto a su contenido de ftalato.
Assuntos
Ácidos Ftálicos/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Óleos Voláteis/química , Preparações de Plantas/química , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de MassasRESUMO
The essential oil obtained from flowers of Aster lanceolatus was submitted the CG-MS and presented as result thirteen substances with largest concentration; among them, the caryophyllene oxide with the larger one. The aromatic water obtained during the extraction process of this essential oil was forwarded to allelopathic test, and demonstrated to be capable to inhibit the germination and growth of Lactuca sativa.
O óleo essencial obtido das flores de Aster lanceolatus foi submetido a CG-EM e apresentou como resultado treze substâncias, entre elas o óxido de cariofileno com a maior concentração. A água aromática obtida durante o processo de extração do óleo essencial foi encaminhada para teste alelopático, a qual demonstrou ser capaz de inibir a germinação e crescimento de Lactuca sativa.