Efectos de una intervención de enfermería en el control del dolor posoperatorio del paciente adulto / Effects of a Nursing Intervention on Postoperative Pain Control in the Adult Patient

ntroducción: El control apropiado del dolor es un desafío crucial y necesario de abordar en el campo quirúrgico, al producir un gran impacto en la recuperación del paciente. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de una intervención de enfermería aplicada en el periodo perioperatorio para el control del dolor del paciente adulto en el posoperatorio inmediato. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, cuasi experimental, con grupo experimental y control de adultos intervenidos en el quirófano de una institución de salud en Bucaramanga - Colombia en el primer semestre de 2017, con un universo de 3240 pacientes y muestra calculada de 120. La intervención constó de tres fases, enmarcada en la teoría de síntomas desagradables. Para evaluar el dolor se utilizó la Escala Visual Análoga. Se realizó análisis descriptivo, bivariado y múltiple, se calcularon Betas con modelos de regresión lineal con los puntajes de la escala de dolor a los 10-20 y 30 minutos, 1- 1,5 y 2 horas. Resultados: Los grupos presentaron características similares, en el grupo experimental disminuyeron los puntajes en la escala de dolor a los 10 minutos en -0,98 (IC 95 por ciento: -2,0; 0,02), a la hora de -0,77(IC 95 por ciento: -1,60; 0,05), a las 1,5 horas de -0,71(IC 95 por ciento: -1,13; -0,12) y las 2 horas de -0,60(IC 95 por ciento: -1,09; -0,10). Conclusiones: La intervención de enfermería en perioperatorio, más allá de la administración de analgésicos, es fundamental para modificar las respuestas, como lo refiere la teoría de Swanson, se mejora o controlan los síntomas desagradables y sus efectos negativos, en este caso el dolor posoperatorio(AU)

Introduction: Appropriate pain control is a crucial and necessary challenge to address in the surgical field, since it would produce a great impact patient recovery. Objective: To assess the effect of a nursing intervention applied during the perioperative period for pain control in the adult patient in the immediate postoperative period. Methods: Quantitative and quasiexperimental study carried out with two groups, an experimental and a control group, of adults operated on in the surgical room of a health institution in Bucaramanga, Colombia, in the first semester of 2017. The universe consisted of 3240 patients, while the calculated sample was 120. The intervention consisted in three phases, framed within the theory of unpleasant symptoms. The visual analog scale was used to assess pain. Descriptive, bivariate and multiple analyses were performed. Betas were calculated with linear regression models and using the scores of the pain scale at ten to twenty and thirty minutes; as well as at one to one and half hours, and two hours. Results: The groups presented similar characteristics: in the experimental group, the scores of the pain scale decreased at ten minutes by 0.98 (95 percent CI: -2.0; 0.02); at one hour, by 0.77 (95 percent CI: -1.60; 0.05; at one and a half hours, by 0.71 (95 percent CI: -1.13; -0.12); and at two hours, by 0.60 (95 percent CI: -1.09; -0.10). Conclusions: The nursing intervention in the perioperative period, beyond the administration of analgesics, is fundamental to modify responses, as referred by Swanson's theory, unpleasant symptoms and their negative effects are improved or controlled; in this case, postoperative pain(AU)

Efeitos de uma intervenção breve no planejamento para a aposentadoria / Effects of brief intervention in planning for retirement

Intervenções breves no planejamento para a aposentadoria ainda não foram descritas e avaliadas na literatura. Este estudo avalia a eficácia de uma intervenção breve no planejamento para a aposentadoria e compara comportamentos adotados pelos sujeitos antes e depois da intervenção. Quarenta e um servidores públicos federais, de 22 a 60 anos, iniciaram a intervenção e dez completaram o follow-up 11 meses após a intervenção. Os dados foram coletados pela Escala de Mudança em Comportamento de Planejamento da Aposentadoria. Análises estatísticas pelo Método JT revelaram mudanças mais expressivas no fator investimento em autonomia e bem-estar, com alterações positivas confiáveis em cinco participantes, ausência de mudança em quatro e mudança negativa confiável em um deles. No fator investimento ocupacional social, um dos participantes apresentou mudança positiva confiável, seis permaneceram sem alteração e três apresentaram mudança negativa confiável. Recomenda-se a realização de novos estudos com indivíduos com melhores e piores desempenhos, para identificação de mecanismos mediadores e moderadores desses resultados...

Brief interventions in preparation for retirement have not yet been described and evaluated in the academic literature. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a brief intervention in planning for retirement and compares behaviors in planning for retirement, adopted by the subjects before and after the intervention. Forty-one federal civil servants, from 22 to 60 years of age, began the intervention, and ten completed the follow-up, eleven months after the intervention. Data collection was via the Behavior Change in Retirement Planning Scale. Statistical analyses, using the JT Method, revealed more pronounced changes in the factor pertaining to investment in the field of autonomy and well-being, with reliable positive changes in five participants, no change in four, and a reliable negative change in one participant. Regarding the occupational social investment factor, one of the participants showed reliable positive change, six remained unchanged, and three presented a reliable negative change. Further studies are recommended with individuals with better and worse performance, where the main objective is to identify mediators and moderators of these results...