Caracterización de la conducta suicida en población general de la Región de Coquimbo (Chile) entre 2018 y 2020 / Characterization of suicidal behavior in Coquimbo, Chile, between 2018 and 2020

Introducción La conducta suicida es un problema de salud pública mundial. La Organización Mundial de la Salud estimó en 700 000 los fallecimientos por suicidio para el año 2021. Objetivo El propósito fue estimar la prevalencia de la conducta suicida y describir sus factores relacionados en la Región de Coquimbo, Chile, entre los años 2018 y 2020. Métodos Se analizaron 2190 notificaciones por intentos suicidas del sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica regional, que correspondieron a 1781 personas; junto con 217 informes de personas fallecidas por suicidio del Servicio Médico Legal. Resultados La tasa global de suicidio para la región en el período fue de 9,79 fallecimientos por 100 000 habitantes. Se estandarizaron las tasas del año 2018 según la información disponible, con método directo para la tasa regional (9,55 por 100 000 habitantes) e indirecto para las comunas. Las comunas rurales presentaron mayores tasas que las urbanas. Las mujeres mostraron mayor riesgo de intentos (: 1,28; intervalo de confianza 95%: de 1,23 a 1,33) y menor riesgo de suicidio (0,086; de 0,06 a 0,13) que los hombres. Las personas jóvenes presentaron mayor riesgo de intentos y menor riesgo de suicidio, comparado con personas mayores. Destaca el aumento de la tasa de suicidio en personas mayores (de 70 a 79 años) durante el año 2020. El nivel educacional básico es una variable de riesgo para suicidio (2,21; de 1,15 a 4,23), comparado con educación universitaria. Los intentos de suicidio previos y patología psiquiátrica son factores de riesgo. Conclusiones La prevalencia de suicidio y los factores relacionados son similares a lo reportado en otros estudios e informes nacionales, destacando la ruralidad y mayor riesgo en varones de edad adulta avanzada. A diferencia de los suicidios, los intentos son más frecuentes en mujeres y personas jóvenes. Antecedentes de problemas de salud mental, intentos previos y violencia en la familia son factores de riesgo para ambas conductas. Conocer el comportamiento de la conducta suicida en la población es fundamental para su prevención.

Introduction Suicidal behavior is a public health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization estimated 700 000 deaths for the year 2021. Objective This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of suicidal behavior and describe its related factors in the Coquimbo Region, Chile, between 2018 and 2020. Methods 2190 suicide attempt notifications from the regional epidemiological surveillance system were analyzed, corresponding to 1781 people, along with 217 reports from the Forensic Medical Service of people who died by suicide. Results The overall suicide rate for the region during that period was 9.79 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants. The 2018 rates were standardized according to available information, with direct methods for the regional rate (9.55 per 100 000 inhabitants) and indirect methods for the communes. Rural communes presented higher rates than urban ones. Women showed a higher risk of attempts (OR 1.28; 95% CI 1.23 to 1.33) and a lower risk of suicide compared to men (0.086; 0.06 to 0.13). Young people had a higher risk of suicide attempts and a lower risk of suicide compared to older people. The increased suicide rates in older people (70 to 79 years) during 2020 are noteworthy. Basic education level is a risk variable for suicide (2.21; from 1.15 to 4.23), compared to having higher education. Previous suicide attempts and psychiatric pathology are risk factors. Conclusions Suicide prevalence and related factors are similar to those reported in other studies and national reports, highlighting rurality and higher risk in older male adults. In contrast to suicides, attempts are more frequent in women and young people. A history of mental health problems, previous attempts, and family violence are risk factors for both outcomes. Knowing the patterns of suicidal behavior in the population is fundamental for its prevention.

Study of Deliberate Self-Poisoning Among Adult Females in A Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Poisoning is a common medico-social problem in our country causing around 300,000 episodes and around 2000 deaths per year. Attempted suicide among adult females are a major public health problem. The number of self-poisoning in females are increasing in our country day by day. The incidence, nature, etiology, age group affected and the outcome of self-poisoning in females of our country is different from that of the western world. Objective: The objective of the study was to analysis the socio-demographic profile & pattern of deliberate self-poisoning among adult females admitted in the Medicine Department, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2016 to June 2016. 100 admitted female participants were enrolled in this study as study population. A purposive sampling method was applied for sampling from study population. Results: The age of the participants were from 18 to 55 years with the mean age of 28.19 (± 9.84) years. Most number of the participants were in 21-29 year’s age group (42%) followed by ?20 year’s (29%). House wife (30%) was the most common occupation followed by student (25%). Most of the participants were from lower economic class (51%), followed by middle class (41%). 48% participants were in primary level, 24% in secondary level and 22% were illiterate. Most of the participants were married (51%), followed by unmarried (35%), divorced (9%) and widow (5%). 62% participants from rural and 38% from urban area. 75% were Muslim and 25% were Hindu. 55% were from the joint family and 45% were from the nuclear family. Most of the self-poisoning occurred between 6 am to 12 pm (42%), followed by 6 pm to 12 am (30%), 12 pm to 6 pm (20%) and 12 am to 6 am (8%). Insecticide was the most common poison materials (43%), followed by drug ingestion (30%), household detergent (13%), rodenticide (6%) and others (8%). Maximum participants reported the reason for self-poisoning was family disharmony (35%) followed by romantic disappointment (27%). 17% participants reported previous suicidal attempt and 11% had previous psychiatric disorder. Nearly half of the participants (43%) sought medical care within 2 hours and one fourth participants (31%) within 4 hours. About two-thirds of the participants (66%) received primary medical care from different govt. hospitals. Most of the female participants with self-poisoning were recovered completely (71%), while 20% participants recovered with complications and 9% participants died. In the study, fatality rate was found 33.3% in rodenticide and 16.3% in insecticide poisoning. Conclusions: As evident from the study, by intervene these problems by various measures might be helpful to prevent many of deliberate self-harm. Early diagnosis and prompt institution of appropriate treatment can make a favorable outcome in deliberate self-poisoning of female participants.

Caracterización clínico-epidemiológica de pacientes pediátricos con intento suicida en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial de Holguín

Fundamento los intentos de suicidio en edades pediátricas son un problema actual con tendencia creciente a nivel mundial. Este grupo es muy vulnerable a la acción de factores internos y externos que alteran su integridad. En Cuba, a pesar de los logros obtenidos en ese sentido, también se considera como un problema de salud mental. Objetivo caracterizar desde el punto de vista clínico y epidemiológico a pacientes pediátricos con intento suicida. Métodos se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y de corte transversal, en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Octavio Concepción y de la Pedraja, de la provincia de Holguín, en el periodo enero/2020-diciembre/2021. Se trabajó con la totalidad del universo, conformado por 397 pacientes atendidos en la institución hospitalaria por intento suicida en el periodo de estudio. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, procedencia y método utilizado. Se empleó la estadística descriptiva. Resultados predominaron los pacientes con edades entre 16 y 18 años (48,4 %), del sexo femenino (74,6 %) y de procedencia urbana (70,3 %). El 92,2 % utilizó como método de suicidio la ingestión de psicofármacos. Conclusiones las variables estudiadas se comportan de forma similar a lo descrito en otras poblaciones y contextos, en los cuales también predominaron las adolescentes de procedencia urbana que ingirieron psicofármacos.

Background suicide attempts in pediatric ages are a current problem with a growing trend worldwide. This group is very vulnerable to the action of internal and external factors that alter their integrity. In Cuba, despite the achievements in this regard, it is also considered a mental health problem. Objective to characterize, from the clinical and epidemiological point of view, pediatric patients with suicide attempts. Methods a descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out at the Octavio Concepción y de la Pedraja Provincial Pediatric Hospital, in the Holguín province, from January/2020 to December/2021. The entire universe was analyzed made up of 397 patients, treated at the hospital for suicide attempts during the studied period. The variables were: age, sex, origin and method used. Descriptive statistics were used. Results patients aged between 16 and 18 years old (48.4%), female (74.6%) and urban origin (70.3%) predominated. 92.2% used the ingestion of psychotropic drugs as a method of suicide. Conclusions the studied variables behave in a similar way to that described in other populations and contexts, in which adolescents from urban origin who ingested psychoactive drugs also predominated.

Eventos de risco associados ao comportamento suicida / Risk events associated with suicide behavior

Objetivo: Analisar eventos de risco associados ao comportamento suicida em indivíduos atendidos em emergência geral. Métodos: Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, abordagem qualitativa. Coleta de dados entre dezembro de 2017 e novembro de 2019, com pessoas que tentaram o suicídio, por meio de entrevista com questionário semiestruturado. Dados analisados com Análise de Conteúdo temático. Resultados: Entrevistados 113 participantes, 86 (76,1%) do sexo feminino, 57 (50,4%) na faixa etária entre 18 e 30 anos, 103 (91,2%) heterossexuais, 49 (43,4%) solteiros. Conforme a análise dos dados, o conteúdo foi agrupado em uma categoria com quatro unidades temáticas que deram ênfase às relações familiares traumáticas, presença de histórico de experiências traumáticas para além da família, condições socioeconômicas ecomportamento impulsivo e a percepção de inexistência de fatores de proteção. Sabe-se que no comportamento suicida há interferência das relações com familiares, com amigos e com outras pessoas com as quais haja relacionamento afetivo importante, de forma que o bom vínculo familiar assume papel de proteção ao comportamento suicida, enquanto vínculos familiares conflituosos são potenciais fatores de risco. Considerações finais: Resultados revelaram a experiência da multiplicidade de eventos que influenciaram a decisão pelo suicídio, ênfase para relações afetivas e familiares prejudicadas e experiências traumáticas (AU).

Objective: Analyze risk events associated with suicidal behavior in individuals seen in general emergency care. Methods: Exploratory, descriptive research, qualitative approach. Data were collected from December 2017 to November 2019 with people who attempted suicide through an interview with a semi-structured questionnaire. Data reviewed with thematic Content Analysis. Results: This survey interviewed 113 participants, 86 (76.1%) female, 57 (50.4%) aged between 18 and 30 years, 103 (91.2%) heterosexual, and 49 (43.4%) single. According to the data analysis, the content was grouped into one category with four thematic units that emphasized traumatic family relationships, the presence of a history of traumatic experiences beyond the family, socioeconomic conditions, impulsive behavior, and the perception of the nonexistence of protective factors. It is known that suicidal behavior is influenced by relationships with family members, friends, and other people with whom there is an important emotional relationship. Good family bonds, thus, take on a protective role against suicidal behavior, while conflicting family bonds are potential risk factors. Final remarks: Results disclosed the experience of the multiplicity of events that influenced the decision to commit suicide, emphasizing damaged affective and family relationships and traumatic experiences (AU).

Comparison of the Epidemiological Profile of Exogenous Poisoning Cases in Bahia Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic / Comparação do Perfil Epidemiológico dos Casos de Intoxicação Exógena na Bahia Antes e Durante a Pandemia da COVID-19

Several chemical substances cause toxicological damage to individuals, triggering Exogenous Intoxication (EI) with relevant fatal potential. It is, therefore, essential to describe and compare the epidemiological profile of EI cases reported in Bahia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative analytical approach was used, and secondary data were extracted, in August 2022, from the Notifiable Diseases Information System, cases of EI between January 2018 and December 2021, Bahia. Age, sex, color, circumstance, and causative agent were analyzed and described in frequency and proportions, 12,838 cases of EI were reported between 2018-2019. The highest incidence occurred in individuals aged 20-59 years (57.8%), females (59%), and browns (48.8%). Among toxic agents, medication (40.3%) stood out, followed by food and beverages (10%), rodenticides (6.8%), and drugs of abuse (6%). Among the circumstances: suicide attempt was highlighted (33.5%). In 2020 and 2021, there were 11,279 cases, higher incidence in individuals aged 20-59 years (59.5%), females (58%), and browns (55%). The toxic agent medication (41.9%) stood out, followed by drugs (10.2%), food and beverages (7.8%), and household products (5.7%). Similar to the previous period, suicide led among circumstances (36.5%). The pandemic did not seem to affect epidemiology significantly. However, the almost 50% increase in the frequency of EI cases due to drug abuse, reinforces the World Report on Drugs (2021), which pointed to a worldwide growth of drugs consumption during the pandemic and alerts attention to mental health of Brazilians.(AU)

Diversas substâncias químicas causam danos toxicológicos aos indivíduos, podendo deflagrar intoxicação exógena (IE) com relevante potencial fatal. É imprescindível assim, descrever e comparar perfil o epidemiológico dos casos de IE notificados na Bahia antes e durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Utilizou-se abordagem quantitativa analítica, com dados secundários extraídos, em agosto de 2022, do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, sobre casos de IE, entre janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2021, na Bahia. Variáveis idade, sexo, cor, circunstância, agente causador foram analisadas e descritas em frequência e proporções. Foram notificados 12.838 casos de IE entre 2018-2019, a maior incidência ocorreu em indivíduos de 20-59 anos (57,8%), sexo feminino (59%), pardos (48,8%). Entre agentes tóxicos, a principal causa foi medicamentos (40,3%), seguindo alimentos e bebidas (10%), raticidas (6,8%) e drogas de abuso (6%). Dentre circunstâncias, o principal motivo foi tentativa de suicídio (33,5%). Entre 2020-2021, foram 11.279 casos, maior incidência indivíduos de 20-59 anos (59,5%), sexo feminino (58%) e pardos (55%). Destacou-se o agente tóxico medicamentos (41,9%), seguindo drogas (10,2%), alimentos e bebidas (7,8%), produtos de uso domiciliar (5,7%). Quanto às circunstâncias liderou a tentativa de suicídio (36,5%). A pandemia não pareceu afetar significativamente a epidemiologia, porém, o aumento de quase 50% na frequência dos casos de IE por drogas de abuso, comparativamente ao período anterior, reforça o Relatório Mundial sobre Drogas (2021), que apontou crescimento mundial do consumo na pandemia e sugere-se um alerta sobre a saúde mental dos brasileiros.(AU)

Violência autoprovocada no Espírito Santo: uma análise dos casos notificados / Self-inflicted violence in Espírito Santo: an analysis of reported cases / Violencia autoinfligida en Espírito Santo: un análisis de los casos notificados

Objetivo: identificar a frequência de casos notificados de violência autoprovocada no Espírito Santo entre os anos de 2011 a 2018 e os fatores associados. Método: trata-se de um estudo transversal que utilizou todos os casos notificados de violência autoprovocada registrados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação entre 2011 e 2018 no estado do Espírito Santo. A análise multivariada foi realizada pela Regressão de Poisson e o estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: a prevalência da violência autoprovocada foi de 25,1% (IC95%: 24,6-25,5). O grupo de 10 a 19 anos de idade teve uma prevalência cerca de 19 vezes maior de notificação de violência autoprovocada, assim como, pessoas de raça/cor branca (RP: 1,26) e com deficiência/transtornos (RP: 2,85) apresentaram maior frequência desse agravo. Foi observado maior prevalência entre aqueles sem suspeita de uso de álcool (RP: 2,36), com a ocorrência cerca de 4 vezes maior na residência, e, um aumento em cerca de 50% dos casos sem caráter de repetição. Conclusão: a violência autoprovocada no Espírito Santo se apresentou elevada no período estudado e esteve associada a características da vítima e do evento. Profissionais de saúde são fundamentais no processo de rastreio desse agravo e consequentemente em traçar estratégias de prevenção e proteção das vítimas.(AU)

Objective: to analyze the prevalence of reported cases of self-inflicted violence and associated factors in Espírito Santo between 2011 and 2018.Method: this is a cross-sectional study that used all reported cases of self-inflicted violence registered in the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação between 2011 and 2018, in the state of Espírito Santo. Multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson Regression.Results: the prevalence of self-inflicted violence was 25.1%. The 10 to 19-year-old group had a prevalence of approximately 19 times greater self-inflicted violence report, as did people of white race/color (PR: 1.26) and people with disabilities/disorders (PR: 2.85) showed a higher frequency of this problem. A higher prevalence was observed among those without suspected alcohol use (PR: 2.36), with an occurrence approximately four times higher in the home, and an increase in approximately 50% of non-repeating cases.Conclusion: reports of self-inflicted violence in Espírito Santo were high during the period studied and were associated with characteristics of the victim and the event. Health professionals are fundamental in the process of tracking this problem and consequently in the process of designing prevention and protection strategies for victims.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia de casos notificados de violencia autoinfligida en Espírito Santo entre los años 2011 y 2018, así como los factores asociados. Método: se trata de un estudio transversal que utilizó todos los casos notificados de violencia autoinfligida registrados en el Sistema de Información de Agravios de Notificación entre 2011 y 2018 en el estado de Espírito Santo. El análisis multivariado se llevó a cabo mediante la Regresión de Poisson. Resultados: la prevalencia de la violencia autoinfligida fue del 25,1%. El grupo de 10 a 19 años de edad presentó una prevalencia aproximadamente 19 veces mayor de notificación de violencia autoinfligida. Asimismo, las personas de raza/color blanco (RP: 1,26) y con discapacidad/trastornos (RP: 2,85) mostraron una mayor frecuencia de este agravio. Se observó una mayor prevalencia entre aquellos sin sospecha de uso de alcohol (RP: 2,36), con una ocurrencia aproximadamente cuatro veces mayor en la residencia, y un aumento de alrededor del 50% en los casos sin carácter repetitivo. Conclusión: las notificaciones de violencia autoinfligida en Espírito Santo fueron elevadas en el período estudiado y se asociaron con características de la víctima y del evento. Los profesionales de la salud desempeñan un papel fundamental en el proceso de detección de este agravio y, consecuentemente, en el diseño de estrategias de prevención y protección de las víctimas.(AU)

Cartografia de uma vida que tentou suicídio / Cartography of a life that attempted suicide

Resumo Introdução: O suicídio é um grave problema de saúde pública, ainda permeado de estigmas, fato que dificulta o registro desses eventos e o cuidado às pessoas envolvidas. Por se tratar de um acontecimento multicausal, a construção do cuidado perpassa por ações intersetoriais. Objetivo: Cartografar os elementos envolvidos no contexto de vida de uma mulher que tentou suicídio (usuária-guia), destacando os caminhos percorridos no processo de subjetivação e na produção de cuidado no seu território existencial. Método: Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com a própria usuária-guia, amigos, familiares e profissionais de saúde. Esta pesquisa foi realizada no município de Icapuí-CE de agosto/2018 a março/2019. A análise baseou-se em conceitos da Filosofia da Diferença, da teoria de Michel Foucault e da Saúde Coletiva. Resultados: Os caminhos trilhados pela usuária-guia formaram seu território existencial, nesse processo de territorialização, desterritorialização e reterritorialização. Percebeu-se que a rede social foi sua maior proteção, mas também sua maior vulnerabilidade, perpassando por estigmas e identificações. Conclusões: Considerando o despreparo dos profissionais de saúde e da comunidade em lidar com o suicídio, aposta-se em programas permanentes e intersetoriais de prevenção, capacitação e amparo às pessoas envolvidas nesse contexto, além de práticas interprofissionais, principalmente na Atenção Primária à Saúde.

Abstract Background: Suicide is a serious public health problem, still permeated by stigma, a fact that makes it difficult to record these events and care for the people involved. As it is a multicausal event, the construction of care goes through intersectoral actions. Objective: To map the elements involved in the life context of a woman who attempted suicide (guide user), highlighting the paths taken in the subjectivation process and in the production of care in her existential territory. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the guide user, her friends, family, and health professionals. This research was carried out in the city of Icapuí,Ceará, from August/2018 to March/2019. The analysis was based on concepts of Philosophy of Difference, Michel Foucault's theory, and Collective Health. Results: The paths taken by the guide user formed her existential territory in this process of territorialization, deterritorialization, and reterritorialization. It was noticed that the social network was her greatest protection, but also her greatest vulnerability, crossing stigmas and identifications. Conclusions: Considering the unpreparedness of health professionals and the community in dealing with suicide, we focus on permanent and intersectoral prevention, training and protection programs for people involved in this context, as well as interprofessional practices, especially in Primary Health Care.

Relationship between adolescent parent attachment and attempted suicide among middle school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the current situation of suicide attempts in middle school students and to explore its relation with adolescent parent attachment, to provide a basis for the prevention and control of middle school students suicidal behavior.@*Methods@#A total of 4 419 students from grades 7 to 12 in Ezhou City and Xiaogan City, Hubei Province were selected by stratified cluster random sampling. The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment, Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used to conduct a questionnaire Survey, and evaluated the suicide attempts of middle school students.@*Results@#The detection rate of attempted suicide among middle school students was 6.8%. The detection rate of attempted suicide varies among different grades, family types, parental relation, parenting style, family income, self esteem level, and psychological distress( χ 2/ t =3.88, 10.12, 18.00, 52.54, 13.90 , 2.37, 8.99, P <0.05). The scores of paternal attachment and maternal attachment ( 14.64 ±13.45, 14.77±12.26) in the group with attempted suicide were lower than those without attempted suicide(22.05±16.08, 23.79±14.93)( t =-9.07, -12.11, P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that both paternal attachment and maternal attachment were associated with lower rate of suicide attempts among middle school students(paternal attachment, OR=0.99, 95%CI = 0.98 -0.99; maternal attachment OR=0.97, 95%CI =0.96-0.98), with paternal attachment for girls only( OR=0.98, 95%CI= 0.97 -0.99)(P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Adolescent parent attachment may be a protective factor for middle school students suicide attempts. Sex specific effects are observed in adolescent father attachment in girls. Parents should pay attention to cultivating a good attachment relationship with their children and promote the healthy growth of middle school students.

Suicide attempts by adolescents assisted in an emergency department: a cross-sectional study / Intentos de suicidio en adolescentes atendidos en un servicio de urgencias y emergencias: estudio transversal / Tentativas de suicídio por adolescentes atendidos em um departamento de urgência e emergência: estudo transversal

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify and characterize the care provided to adolescents admitted to an emergency department due to a suicide attempt. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study with a retrospective approach, carried out with medical records of adolescents aged 10 to 19 admitted for suicide attempts, between January 2015 and July 2020, in an emergency department. Data were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis. Results: eighty-eight service occurrences were identified, mainly to females, exposed to multiple risk factors. Exogenous intoxication was the main method used, occurring at home and on weekdays. There were systemic repercussions, requiring multiple interventions and hospitalizations. Only 26% of cases were notified. Conclusions: adolescents treated for suicide attempts were exposed to multiple risk factors, with intoxication as the main means used. There is concern about the underreporting of cases and the logic of clinical care and medicalization.

RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar y caracterizar la atención brindada a los adolescentes ingresados en un servicio de urgencias y emergencias por intento de suicidio. Métodos: estudio observacional, transversal, descriptivo, con enfoque retrospectivo, realizado con historias clínicas de adolescentes de 10 a 19 años, ingresados por intento de suicidio entre enero de 2015 y julio de 2020 en un servicio de urgencias y emergencias. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: fueron identificadas 88 atenciones, principalmente del sexo femenino, expuestas a múltiples factores de riesgo. La intoxicación exógena fue el principal método utilizado, ocurriendo en el domicilio y entre semana. Hubo repercusiones sistémicas, requiriendo múltiples intervenciones y hospitalizaciones. Sólo el 26% de los casos fueron notificados. Conclusiones: los adolescentes asistidos por intento de suicidio estuvieron expuestos a múltiples factores de riesgo, siendo la intoxicación el principal medio utilizado. Preocupa el subregistro de casos y la lógica de atención clínica y medicalización

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar e caracterizar os atendimentos aos adolescentes admitidos em um departamento de urgência e emergência por tentativa de suicídio. Métodos: estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo, com abordagem retrospectiva, realizado com prontuários de adolescentes de 10 a 19 anos, admitidos por tentativa de suicídio entre janeiro de 2015 e julho de 2020 em um departamento de urgência e emergência. Os dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: foram identificados 88 atendimentos, principalmente ao sexo feminino, expostos a múltiplos fatores de risco. A intoxicação exógena foi o principal meio utilizado, ocorrida no domicílio e em dias úteis. Houve repercussões sistêmicas, com necessidade de múltiplas intervenções e hospitalizações. Apenas 26% dos atendimentos foram notificados. Conclusões: os adolescentes atendidos por tentativa de suicídio estavam expostos a múltiplos fatores de risco, com a intoxicação como o principal meio utilizado. Preocupa a subnotificação dos casos e a lógica do cuidado clínico e medicalização.

Suicide attempts by adolescents assisted in an emergency department: a cross-sectional study / Intentos de suicidio en adolescentes atendidos en un servicio de urgencias y emergencias: estudio transversal / Tentativas de suicídio por adolescentes atendidos em um departamento de urgência e emergência: estudo transversal

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify and characterize the care provided to adolescents admitted to an emergency department due to a suicide attempt. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study with a retrospective approach, carried out with medical records of adolescents aged 10 to 19 admitted for suicide attempts, between January 2015 and July 2020, in an emergency department. Data were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis. Results: eighty-eight service occurrences were identified, mainly to females, exposed to multiple risk factors. Exogenous intoxication was the main method used, occurring at home and on weekdays. There were systemic repercussions, requiring multiple interventions and hospitalizations. Only 26% of cases were notified. Conclusions: adolescents treated for suicide attempts were exposed to multiple risk factors, with intoxication as the main means used. There is concern about the underreporting of cases and the logic of clinical care and medicalization.

RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar y caracterizar la atención brindada a los adolescentes ingresados en un servicio de urgencias y emergencias por intento de suicidio. Métodos: estudio observacional, transversal, descriptivo, con enfoque retrospectivo, realizado con historias clínicas de adolescentes de 10 a 19 años, ingresados por intento de suicidio entre enero de 2015 y julio de 2020 en un servicio de urgencias y emergencias. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: fueron identificadas 88 atenciones, principalmente del sexo femenino, expuestas a múltiples factores de riesgo. La intoxicación exógena fue el principal método utilizado, ocurriendo en el domicilio y entre semana. Hubo repercusiones sistémicas, requiriendo múltiples intervenciones y hospitalizaciones. Sólo el 26% de los casos fueron notificados. Conclusiones: los adolescentes asistidos por intento de suicidio estuvieron expuestos a múltiples factores de riesgo, siendo la intoxicación el principal medio utilizado. Preocupa el subregistro de casos y la lógica de atención clínica y medicalización

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar e caracterizar os atendimentos aos adolescentes admitidos em um departamento de urgência e emergência por tentativa de suicídio. Métodos: estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo, com abordagem retrospectiva, realizado com prontuários de adolescentes de 10 a 19 anos, admitidos por tentativa de suicídio entre janeiro de 2015 e julho de 2020 em um departamento de urgência e emergência. Os dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: foram identificados 88 atendimentos, principalmente ao sexo feminino, expostos a múltiplos fatores de risco. A intoxicação exógena foi o principal meio utilizado, ocorrida no domicílio e em dias úteis. Houve repercussões sistêmicas, com necessidade de múltiplas intervenções e hospitalizações. Apenas 26% dos atendimentos foram notificados. Conclusões: os adolescentes atendidos por tentativa de suicídio estavam expostos a múltiplos fatores de risco, com a intoxicação como o principal meio utilizado. Preocupa a subnotificação dos casos e a lógica do cuidado clínico e medicalização.

Fatores associados às vítimas de tentativas de suicídio atendidas no âmbito da urgência e emergência / Factors associated with victims of suicide attempts treated in a hospital emergency service / Factores asociados a víctimas de intentos de suicidio atendidas en el ámbito de urgencia y emergencia

Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados e o desfecho das vítimas de tentativa de suicídio atendidas em um serviço hospitalar de urgência e emergência. Método: estudo observacional, longitudinal, retrospectivo e quantitativo, com dados de 191 prontuários de vítimas de tentativa de suicídio atendidas entre 2013 e 2022 em uma unidade de urgência e emergência. Aplicou-se o Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evalution II (APACHE II) e foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a maioria dos pacientes era de homens, adultos, com comorbidades de cunho mental, sendo o mecanismo de autoviolencia mais prevalente o abuso de medicamentos. A grande maioria não possuía tentativas prévias, sobreviveram ao evento e foram encaminhadas após a alta hospitalar para serviços especializados. Conclusão: os fatores associados à tentativa de suicídio são representados pelo sexo masculino, sem companheiro(a) e idade entre 18 e 59 anos. Quanto ao desfecho, aqueles que apresentam elevado escore no APACHE II demonstraram maiores chances de evoluírem para óbito.

Objective: to examine associated factors and outcomes of suicide attempt victims treated at a hospital emergency service. Method: this quantitative, longitudinal, retrospective, observational study considered data from 191 medical records of victims of suicide attempts treated between 2013 and 2022 in an emergency unit. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) was applied, and descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed. Results: most of the patients were men, adults, with mental comorbidities, and medication abuse was the most prevalent self-harm mechanism. The great majority had made no previous attempts, survived the event, and were referred to specialized services after hospital discharge. Conclusion: the factors associated with attempted suicide are being male, single, and aged between 18 and 59 years. As for the outcome, those with high APACHE II scores were more likely to die.

Objetivo: analizar los factores asociados y la evolución de las víctimas de intento de suicidio atendidas en un servicio de urgencias hospitalario. Método: estudio observacional, longitudinal, retrospectivo y cuantitativo, con datos de 191 historias clínicas de víctimas de intento de suicidio atendidas entre 2013 y 2022 en una unidad de urgencia y emergencia. Se aplicó el Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) y se realizaron análisis estadísticos descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: la mayoría de los pacientes eran hombres, adultos, con comorbilidad mental, siendo el abuso de medicamentos el mecanismo de autolesión más prevalente. La gran mayoría no tenía intentos previos, sobrevivió al evento y fue derivado tras el alta hospitalaria a servicios especializados. Conclusión: los factores asociados al intento de suicidio están representados por el sexo masculino, sin pareja y con edad entre 18 y 59 años. En cuanto al resultado, aquellos con una puntuación alta APACHE II tenían más probabilidades de morir.

Caracterización clínica, psicológica y sociofamiliar de la conducta suicida en adolescentes chilenos: análisis de correspondencias múltiples / Clinical, psychological, social, and family characterization of suicidal behavior in Chilean adolescents: a multiple correspondence analysis

Introducción El suicidio es la segunda causa de muerte prematura en personas entre 15 y 29 años, y la tercera en jóvenes entre 15 y 19 años. La adolescencia es un periodo crítico, dado que existe mayor vulnerabilidad para conductas suicidas. La situación en América Latina es crítica, siendo Chile uno de los dos países donde las tasas de suicidio de niños y adolescentes aumentan año tras año. En este estudio se analizan factores de riesgo clínicos, psicológicos y sociofamiliares asociados con la conducta suicida, en una muestra clínica de adolescentes atendidos en el sistema de salud público de la región del Maule. Método El diseño del presente estudio es transversal. En él se utilizó una muestra de 388 adolescentes de 10 a 21 años ingresados al sistema de salud de la Región del Maule. Durante la recogida de información se aplicaron cinco instrumentos de medición (escalas de impulsividad de Barrat, de dificultades de regulación emocional, de depresión, ansiedad y estrés, cuestionario general de búsqueda de ayuda para problemas de salud mental en adolescentes y escala de clasificación de gravedad del suicidio de Columbia). Además se recabó información sociofamiliar y antecedentes relevantes desde las fichas clínicas. Resultados El análisis realizado permitió identificar características distintivas de la conducta suicida adolescente, mediante la descripción de factores clínicos, psicológicos y sociofamiliares evaluados. Conclusión Los adolescentes con historial de intentos de suicidio se caracterizan por presentar ideación suicida, sintomatología ansiosa- depresiva, estrés, insomnio e impulsividad. Asimismo, reportan no tener creencias religiosas, pertenecer a minorías sexuales y haber sido víctima de acoso y/o abuso sexual.

Introduction Suicide is the second leading cause of premature death in people between 15 and 29 years old and the third in young people between 15 and 19 years old. Adolescence is a critical period concerning mental health disorders since there is greater vulnerability to suicidal behaviors. The situation in Latin America is worrying, with Chile being one of the two countries where suicide rates of children and adolescents increase yearly. This study aims to analyze clinical, psychological, family, and social risk factors associated with suicidal behavior in a clinical sample of adolescents treated in the public health system of the Maule region. Methods The study design is cross- sectional. We used a sample of 388 adolescents between 10 and 21 years old admitted to the health system of the Maule Region. The participants were evaluated by applying five measuring instruments (The Barrat Impulsivity Scale, The Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale, The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, The General Help-Seeking Questionnaire for mental health problems in adolescents, and The Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale) in addition to collecting social and family information and relevant clinical history from the medical records. Results The analysis allowed us to identify distinctive characteristics of adolescent suicidal behavior by describing clinical, psychological, and family social factors. Conclusions Adolescents with a history of suicide attempts are characterized by having suicidal ideation, anxious-depressive symptoms, stress, insomnia, and impulsiveness. Likewise, they report being non-religious, belonging to sexual minorities, and victims of sexual harassment and/or abuse.

Trastorno de depresión mayor e intento suicida en una paciente pediátrica víctima de abuso sexual / Major depressive disorder and suicidal attempt in a pediatric patient victim of sexual abuse

RESUMEN Introducción: el abuso sexual en la infancia se define como una experiencia traumática que puede llevar a la víctima a padecer complicaciones mentales, sexuales, físicas, interpersonales y comportamentales, nefastas para la salud. Además, constituye un factor de riesgo que desencadena el trastorno depresivo mayor en mujeres. Presentación del caso: se trata de una paciente femenina de 17 años de edad que sufrió abuso sexual a los siete años de edad. La paciente ingresa en una primera ocasión el 5 marzo de 2018 por intento suicida y trastorno depresivo al tener contacto con la persona que efectuó el acto. Pasados 17 días la paciente vuelve a ser ingresada por presentar un cuadro de trastorno depresivo mayor y egresa nueve días después por buena evolución. El 7 de agosto ingresa por tercera vez por trastorno depresivo mayor e intento suicida nuevamente. La paciente fue tratada con Imipramina de 25 mg dos veces al día y con tratamiento psicoterapéutico, al cual respondió adecuadamente. La paciente se encuentra psicológicamente estable. Conclusiones: el abuso sexual en la niñez constituye un factor de riesgo desencadenante del trastorno depresivo mayor. La atención especial mediante apoyo y estudios psicológicos de los pacientes, y el tratamiento de fármacos antidepresivos es de vital importancia para la recuperación de víctimas sometidas a acoso sexual con ideación e intento suicidas.

ABSTRACT Introduction: childhood sexual abuse is defined as a traumatic experience that can lead the victim to suffer mental, sexual, physical, interpersonal and behavioral complications harmful to health. It is also a risk factor for major depressive disorder in women. With this case, the authors aim to share experiences to the diagnosis; treatment and prevention of these health problems by disseminating them to the medical community. Case report: a 17-year-old female patient who was sexually abused at the age of 7 years. The patient is admitted on a first occasion on March 5, 2018 for suicide attempt and depressive disorder upon contact with the person who performed the act. After 17 days, the patient was admitted again for major depressive disorder and was discharged 9 days later due to good evolution. On August 7, she was admitted for a third time for major depressive disorder and another suicide attempt. The patient was treated with Imipramine 25 mg twice a day and psychotherapeutic treatment, responding satisfactorily. The patient is psychologically stable at present. Conclusions: sexual abuse in childhood constitutes a risk factor triggering major depressive disorder. Special attention through support and psychological studies of the patients and treatment with antidepressant drugs is of vital importance for the recovery of victims subjected to sexual harassment with suicidal ideation and attempt.

Tentativa de suicídio por pessoas com transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias em tratamento / Intento de suicidio de personas con trastornos relacionados con el uso de sustancias en tratamiento / Suicide attempts by people with substances use disorders undergoing treatment

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar os fatores associados à tentativa de suicídio por pessoas com transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias em tratamento nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial de Álcool e outras Drogas. Método: estudo observacional e transversal realizado com 137 pessoas com transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias em tratamento em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial de Álcool e outras Drogas de uma capital da região Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados entre abril e novembro de 2018 por entrevista estruturada e submetidos à análise quantitativa descritiva, univariada e múltipla. Resultados: 51,8% dos participantes apresentaram ao menos uma tentativa de suicídio alguma vez na vida. Pensamentos suicidas ativos com intenção e com planejamento permaneceram associadas de modo independente ao histórico de tentativa de suicídio (RP: 2,87; IC: 1,04-7,91; p: 0,041). Na análise univariada houve associação entre tentativa de suicídio e dias de problema físico, intensidade dos pensamentos suicidas, comportamento preparatório, sentimentos depressivos, histórico familiar de transtorno mental, internamento em hospital psiquiátrico, importância de tratamento em saúde mental e prescrição de medicamentos. Conclusão: mais gravidade de pensamentos suicidas foi identificada como fator associado ao histórico de tentativa de suicídio. Enfatiza-se a importância da escuta ativa na prática profissional em saúde, do vínculo terapêutico e do acolhimento nos serviços de atenção à saúde.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar los factores asociados al intento de suicidio de personas con trastornos relacionados con el consumo de sustancias en tratamiento en los Centros de Atención Psicosocial por Alcohol y otras Drogas. Método: estudio observacional y transversal realizado con 137 personas con trastornos relacionados con el consumo de sustancias en tratamiento en los Centros de Atención Psicosocial por Alcohol y otras Drogas de una capital del sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados entre abril y noviembre de 2018 a través de entrevistas estructuradas y sometidos a análisis cuantitativo descriptivo, univariado y múltiple. Resultados: el 51,8% de los participantes tuvo al menos un intento de suicidio en algún momento de su vida. Los pensamientos suicidas activos con intención y planificación permanecieron asociados de forma independiente con la historia de un intento de suicidio (RP: 2,87; IC: 1,04-7,91; p: 0,041). En el análisis univariado, hubo asociación entre intento de suicidio y días de problema físico, intensidad de pensamientos suicidas, comportamiento preparatorio, sentimientos depresivos, antecedentes familiares de trastorno mental, ingreso en un hospital psiquiátrico, importancia del tratamiento de salud mental y prescripción de medicamentos. Conclusión: la mayor gravedad de los pensamientos suicidas se identificó como un factor asociado a la historia de intento de suicidio. Enfatiza la importancia de la escucha activa en la práctica profesional de la salud, el vínculo terapéutico y la aceptación en los servicios de salud.

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the factors associated with suicide attempts by people with substance use disorders undergoing treatment at the Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Other Drugs. Method: observational and cross-sectional study carried out with 137 people with substance use disorders undergoing treatment at Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Other Drugs in a capital city in the southern region of Brazil. Data were collected between April and November 2018 by structured interview and subjected to descriptive, univariate, and multiple quantitative analysis. Results: 51.8% of participants had at least one suicide attempt at some point in their lives. Active suicidal thoughts with intent and planning remained independently associated with the history of attempted suicide (PR: 2.87; CI: 1.04-7.91; p: 0.041). In the univariate analysis, there was an association between suicide attempt and days of physical problems, intensity of suicidal ideation, preparatory acts, depressive feelings, family history of mental disorder, hospitalization in a psychiatric hospital, importance of mental health treatment and medication prescription. Conclusion: more severity of suicidal ideation was identified as a factor associated with a history of suicide attempt. It emphasizes the importance of active listening in professional health practice, the therapeutic bond and reception in health care services.

Ideación e intento suicida en jóvenes lesbianas, gays y bisexuales de Chile: estudio comunitario online / Suicidal behavior among Chilean young people self-identified as cisgender, lesbian, gay, and bisexual

BACKGROUND: Suicidal behavior is more common among young people and those who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual. AIM: To assess suicidal behavior among young people self-identified as cisgender lesbian, gay, and bisexual. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Okasha Suicide Scale was answered online by1,683 Chilean people aged 18 to 30 years, self-identified as cisgender lesbian, gay, or bisexual. Results: Thirty four percent of respondents reported suicidal ideation in some moment of their lives and 16% reported repeated suicidal thoughts. Thirty five percent reported at least one suicide attempt. Women had a higher risk of suicide attempts than men. Bisexuals had a higher risk of suicide attempts than lesbians and homosexuals. Those with a non-conforming or non-binary gender identity had a higher risk of suicide attempts than those with a female and male gender identity. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the higher suicide risk among young sexual minority groups.

Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes intoxicados con acetaminofén con intenciones suicidas / Epidemiological profile of patients intoxicated with acetaminophen for suicidal purposes / Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes intoxicados com acetaminofen (Paracetamol) com intenções suicidas

Objetivo: este estudio busca describir los individuos evaluados por sobredosis de acetaminofén entre 2019 y 2020 en un centro de referencia de trasplante hepático en Colombia. Metodología: estudio derivado del análisis secundario de historias clínicas entre el 1.º de enero de 2019 y el 31 de diciembre de 2020. Los criterios de inclusión abarcan individuos con ingestión aguda y voluntaria de dosis tóxicas de acetaminofén (>4 g/día). Resultados: sesenta y tres casos, 68% mujeres, 67% menores de 18 años y 54% estudiantes. Reportó historia personal de enfermedad psiquiátrica el 60% y el 35% al menos un intento de suicidio previo. La mediana de dosis de acetaminofén fue 15g, 46% refirieron co-ingesta de otras sustancias y 13% estaba bajo efecto de sustancias psicoactivas. El 57% tenía la intención clara de suicidarse, así como 81% vomitó antes de acudir al servicio de urgencias, 22% recibió medidas de descontaminación y 10% no recibió N - acetilcisteína. Quince individuos desarrollaron lesión hepática aguda, nueve con criterios de severidad. Conclusiones: la población era predominantemente joven, la historia de enfermedad psiquiátrica fue muy prevalente y la mayoría refirieron un evento vital que explicara el comportamiento impulsivo de consumo. Ninguno desarrolló criterios para trasplante hepático, lo cual podría explicarse por la edad de los individuos, los episodios de vómito temprano, y la ausencia de enfermedad hepática crónica o de consumo de sustancias hepatotóxicas.

Objective: this study aims to describe patients with overdose intake of acetaminophen between 2019 and 2020 at a reference center for liver transplantation in Colombia. Methodology: study derived from a secondary analysis of the clinical records between January 1st, 2019, to December 31st, 2020. Inclusion criteria were individuals with voluntary acute ingestion of toxic doses of acetaminophen (>4 g/day). Results: sixty-three cases, 68% women, 67% <18-year-old, and 54% students. 60% had personal history of psychiatric illness and 35% reported at least one previous suicide attempt. The median dose of acetaminophen was 15g, 46% referred to co-ingestion with other substances and 13% were under the effect of any psychoactive substance. 57% had a clear intention of suicide. 81% vomited before the arrival to the emergency room, 22% received decontamination intervention with gastric lavage or activated charcoal, and 10% did not receive any dose of N-Acetylcysteine. Fifteen individuals developed an acute liver injury, nine with severity criteria. Conclusions: the population was predominantly young, the personal history of psychiatric disease was highly prevalent, and most of the cases referred a vital event that explains the impulsive behavior in acetaminophen consumption. None developed criteria for liver transplantation, and this could be explained by the young age of the individuals, the episodes of early vomiting, and the absence of chronic liver disease or hepatotoxic substance consumption.

Objetivo:este estudo busca descrever os indivíduos avaliados por sobredose de acetaminofen entre 2019 e 2020 num centro de referência de transplante hepático na Colômbia. Metodologia: estudo derivado da análise secundário de histórias clínicas entre o dia 1.º de janeiro de 2019 e 31 de dezembro de 2020. Os critérios de inclusão abrangem indivíduos com ingestão aguda e voluntária de dose tóxicas de acetaminofen (>4 g/dia).Resultados:sessenta e três casos, 68% mulheres, 67% menores de 18 anos e 54% estudantes. Reportou história pessoal de doença psiquiátrica, 60% e 35% pelo menos uma tentativa de suicídio prévio. A média de dose de acetaminofen foi de 15g, 46% referiram com ingestão de outras sustâncias e 13% estava sob efeito de sustâncias psicoativas. 57% tinham a intenção clara de suicidar-se, assim como 81% vomitou antes de acudir ao serviço de urgências, 22% receberam medidas de descontaminação e 10% não recebeu N - acetilcisteína. Quinze indivíduos desenvolveram lesão hepática aguda, nove com critérios de severidade. Conclusões: a população era predominantemente jovem, a história de doençapsiquiátrica foi muito prevalente e a maioria referiram um evento vital que explicasse o comportamento impulsivo de consumo. Nenhum desenvolveu critérios para transplantehepático, o qual se poderia explicar pela idade dos indivíduos, os episódios de vómito precoce, e a ausência de doença hepática crónica ou de consumo de sustâncias hepatotóxicas.

Formación profesional del especialista en Medicina General Integral y su competencia para prevenir el suicidio / Professional training of the specialist in Comprehensive General Medicine and his competence to prevent suicide

Fundamento: una de las especialidades de posgrado que más ha impactado en el sistema nacional de salud es Medicina General Integral sustentada en el enfoque social de la medicina. Objetivo: determinar las tendencias históricas del proceso de formación profesional del especialista en Medicina General Integral y su influencia en el desarrollo de la competencia específica para prevenir el intento de suicidio. Métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sistemática para desarrollar un análisis crítico reflexivo del contenido de documentos, se consideraron tesis de doctorado, maestría, artículos originales y de revisión publicados entre 2005 y 2021 en español e inglés. La búsqueda fue realizada en las bases de datos SciELO y Google académico de enero 2021 a marzo de 2022. Desarrollo: a pesar del desarrollo alcanzado por la especialidad aún es insuficiente la preparación de ese capital humano como verdadero promotor de salud, porque no ha sido estructurado pensando en tales idoneidades y subyacen debilidades en su actuar preventivo donde la especialización de modos de actuación para prevenir el intento de suicidio como daño a la salud se ubica en vínculo indisoluble con la práctica asistencial de este galeno y necesita ser empoderado de conocimientos para elevar su competencia y desempeño exitoso. Conclusiones: el tratamiento de los indicadores en las etapas analizadas permite revelar las principales tendencias históricas del proceso de formación profesional del especialista en Medicina General Integral por lo que el desarrollo de una competencia preventivo-suicidológica emerge como una necesidad en su superación profesional.

Intoduction: one of the postgraduate specialties that has had the most impact on the national health system is Comprehensive General Medicine based on the social approach to medicine. Objective: to determine the historical trends of the professional training process of the Comprehensive General Medicine specialist and its influence on the development of the specific competence to prevent suicidal attempt. Methods: a systematic bibliographic review was carried out to develop a reflexive critical analysis of the content of documents, considering doctoral and master's theses, original and review articles published from 2005 to 2021 in Spanish and English. The search was carried out in the SciELO and academic Google databases from January 2021 to March 2022. Development: despite the development achieved by the specialty, the preparation of this human capital as a true health promoter is still insufficient, because it has not been structured with such qualifications in mind and there are underlying weaknesses in its preventive action where the specialization of modes of action to prevent The suicidal attempt as damage to health is inextricably linked with the care practice of this doctor and needs to be empowered with knowledge to increase his competence and successful performance. Conclusions: the treatment of the indicators in the stages analyzed allows revealing the main historical trends of the professional training process of the specialist in Comprehensive General Medicine, so the development of a preventive-suicidal competence emerges as a necessity in their professional improvement.

Facteurs prédictifs de l'issue de l'accouchement sur utérus cicatriciel, service de gynécologie obstétrique EHS Batna, Algérie / Predictive factors of the outcome of delivery on scar uterus in the department of obstetrics - gynecology EHS Batna, Algeria

Introduction. La pratique de césariennes est en augmentation constante dans le monde, soulevant la problématique de la gestion des femmes enceintes ayant un utérus cicatriciel. L'objectif de notre travail était d'identifier les facteurs significativement associés au succès de l'épreuve utérine au sein de notre service, afin de réaliser une sélection rigoureuse des candidates à la tentative de voie basse. Méthodes. Nous avons mené une étude épidémiologique descriptive, rétrospective, mono centrique au niveau de l'EHS mère ­ enfant Batna du 1er janvier 2018 au 31 décembre 2019 ayant intéressé les femmees porteuses d'un utérus cicatriciel d'origine obstétricale avec un âge de grossesse supérieur à 22 SA. Résultats. Au cours de notre étude nous avons recensé 3002 accouchements sur utérus cicatriciel. Le taux de tentatives de voie basse après césarienne était de 46,84 % avec un taux de succès de 89,19 %. Les principaux facteurs qui favorisent le succès de la tentative de voie basse après césarienne étaient : un antécédent d'accouchement par voie vaginale après la césarienne (p <0,001) la multiparité (p=0,0002), une césarienne précédente pour présentation podalique (p<0,001), un intervalle inter génésique de 12 mois et plus (p <0,001), des conditions locales favorables (dilatation du col supérieure à 4 cm ; p=0,02 et la p=0,02 et la rupture artificielle des membranes ; p =0,02 et la rupture artificielle des membranes ; p=0,03). Les facteurs qui défavorisent le succès de la TVBAC étaient : un antécédent de césarienne pour stagnation ou non-engagement à dilatation complète (p<0,001), un terme d'accouchement supérieur à 40 SA (p=0,002), un poids de naissance supérieur à 4000 g (p<0,001). Les facteurs qui ne semblent pas influencer l'issue de l'épreuve utérine étaient : l'âge maternel, l'âge de réalisation de la première césarienne, la présence de pathologies maternelles et la réalisation de radiopelvimétrie Conclusion. Les facteurs de succès et d'échec d'une TVBAC sur utérus cicatriciel sont importants à relever pour les décisions ultérieures de la voie d'accouchement, la situation obstétricale doit être soigneusement évaluée et en cas de doute, faire appel à une décision collégiale.

Validation the clinical value of good outcome following attempted resuscitation scores in Chinese populations in predicting the prognosis of in-hospital cardiac arrest / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To verify the clinical value of the good outcome following attempted resuscitation (GO-FAR) score in predicting the neurological status of patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in the Chinese population.Methods:The clinical data of patients with IHCA who were admitted to the Zigong Fourth People's Hospital from January 1 to December 31, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Used Glasgow-Pittsburgh cerebral performance category (CPC) score 1 point as the end point, the subjects were divided into 4 groups according to the score: ≤ 0 group, 1-8 group, 9-20 group and ≥ 21 group. Taken the group which GO-FAR score ≤ 0 as the reference group, the odds ratio ( OR) of the other three groups compared with this group was calculated. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was performed to evaluate the predictive value of the GO-FAR score in favorable neurological outcome. A calibration curve was drawn for the Hosmer-Lemeshow test to analyze the degree of calibration of the GO-FAR score for predicting good neurological outcome. Results:A total of 230 IHCA patients were enrolled in the study, including 130 males, aged 74 (65, 81) years old, and 23 case (10.0%) had good neurological prognosis. There were statistically significant differences in GO-FAR-related variables, including age, a normal neurological function on admitted, acute stroke, metastatic cancer, septicemia, medical noncardiac admission, hepatic insufficiency, hypotension, renal insufficiency or dialysis, respiratory insufficiency, pneumonia, etc (all P < 0.05). Taken the GO-FAR score ≤ 0 group as the reference group, the OR values of good neurological prognosis in the GO-FAR score 1-8 group were 0.54 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 0.17-1.53, P = 0.250], 9-20 group were 0.17 (95% CI was 0.02-0.67, P = 0.009) and ≥ 21 group were 0.25 (95% CI was 0.05-0.85, P = 0.025). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the GO-FAR score for predicting favorable neurological outcome in IHCA patients was 0.653 (95% CI was 0.529-0.777, P = 0.015) and there was no significant difference in Hosmer-Lemeshow test ( P = 0.311). All these suggested that there was no significant difference between the predicted value and the actual value. Conclusions:GO-FAR score can be applied to predict neurological prognosis of IHCA patients in Chinese population. It can help clinicians to predict the prognosis of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and propose critical recommendations in treatment for these patients or their families.

Correlation between theory of mind and attempted suicide in adolescents with depressive disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the difference of theory of mind between adolescent depressive disorder patients with and without suicide attempt and its correlation with depression severity.Methods:From September 2019 to April 2021, totally 56 cases of attempted suicide adolescent depression patients(suicide attempted group), and 78 non-attempted suicide adolescent depression patients (non-suicide attempted group) and 23 healthy controls (healthy control group) with matched sex, age and years of education were included.The 17-item Hamilton depression scale(HAMD-17) and mini-international neuropsychiatric interview (M. I. N. I. ) were evaluated in all the subjects for depression severity and suicide trait related clinical psychological scale, theory of mind-picture sequencing task (ToM-PST) includes primary belief, primary false belief, secondary belief, secondary false belief, third-level false belief, sense of reality, reciprocity, deception and deception detection, which were used to test the theory of mind of the three groups. SPSS 25.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data, compare the differences of ToM of the three groups, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between ToM of the attempted suicide group and the clinical behavior scale.Results:The suicide attempted group was significantly lower in understanding primary false belief ((2.46±0.63) vs (2.87±0.46)) than the healthy control group( P<0.05), and the understanding of deception((2.84±0.42) vs (2.63±0.61)) was significantly higher than the non-suicide attempted group( P<0.05), and the non-suicide attempted group was significantly lower in understanding primary false belief((2.48±0.72) vs ( 2.87±0.46)) and ToM total scores((50.86±6.60) vs (54.91±5.12)) than the healthy control group(both P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the secondary false belief of the attempted suicide group were negatively correlated with the cognitive impairment( r=-0.267, P<0.05), and third-level false belief was negatively correlated with the cognitive impairment, retardation, and depressiontotal score( r=-0.331, r=-0.319, r=-0.269, all P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between primary belief, primary false belief, secondary belief, sense of reality, reciprocity, deception, deception detection, total score of picture ranking, total score of ToM and depression in suicide attempt group(all P>0.05). Conclusion:The ability to understand deception is different between depression adolescents with and without suicide attempt, and it is not correlated with the severity of depression.