Modelo Explicativo del Desempeño Académico desde la Autoeficacia y los Problemas de Conducta / Explanatory Model of Academic Performance from Self-Efficacy and Behavior Problems / Modelo Explicativo do Desempenho Acadêmico a partir da Autoeficácia e dos Problemas de Comportamento

Resumen Se analizó un modelo explicativo del desempeño académico para conocer si los problemas de atención median la relación entre la autoeficacia académica y el desempeño académico y, si la ansiedad y la depresión moderan dicha relación. Participaron 326 estudiantes (11-18 años), quienes diligenciaron el Youth Self-Report (Achenback & Rescorla, 2001) y la escala de autoeficacia de Aguilar, Valencia y Martínez (2001). El desempeño académico se obtuvo del promedio de calificaciones de dos bimestres académicos en lenguaje, ciencias y matemáticas. El análisis de regresión mostró que los problemas de atención median la relación entre la autoeficacia, y logró explicar el 40% de la varianza. La variable ansiedad-depresión moderó esta misma relación evidenciando que a mayores niveles de ansiedad y de depresión menor autoeficacia y menor desempeño académico. En suma, la relación entre la autoeficia académica y el desempeño académico fue afectada por los problemas de conducta.

Abstract We analyzed a model about academic performance to know if attention problems, mediate the relationship between academic self-efficacy and academic performance specifically; and, if anxiety and depression moderate this relationship. In this study participated 326 students (11 - 18 ages); they filled the self-report behavioral out Youth Self-Report (Achenback & Rescorla, 2001) and the self-efficacy scale of Aguilar, Valencia y Martinez (2001). Academic performance was obtained from Grade Point Average (gpa) of two academic month periods in the language, science and mathematic areas. The multiple lineal regression model found that relation between self-efficacy and academic performance was mediated by attention problems. The model explained the 40% of the academic performance variance. The anxiety and depression moderated the relationship between variables, as a result, students with higher levels of anxiety and depression have lower self-efficacy and lower academic performance. In short, the academic self-efficacy and academic performance relationship affected by behavioral problems.

Resumo Analisou-se um modelo explicativo do desempenho acadêmico para conhecer se os problemas de atenção mediam a relação entre a autoeficácia acadêmica e o desempenho acadêmico, e se a ansiedade e a depressão moderam essa relação. Participaram 326 estudantes (11-18 anos), os quais preencheram o Youth Self- Report (Achenback & Rescorla, 2001) e a escala de autoeficácia de Aguilar, Valencia e Martínez (2001). O desempenho acadêmico se obteve da média de qualificações de dois bimestres acadêmicos em linguagem, ciências e matemática. A análise de regressão mostrou que os problemas de atenção mediam a relação entre a autoeficácia e explicam 40% da variação. A variável ansiedade-depressão moderou essa mesma relação e evidenciou que, quanto maiores os níveis de ansiedade e de depressão, menor autoeficácia acadêmica e menor desempenho acadêmico. Em resumo, a ansiedade entre a autoeficácia acadêmica e o desempenho acadêmico foi afetada pelos problemas de comportamento.

Discriminant Validity of the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1.5-5 in Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to verify the validity and clinical cutoff score of the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 1.5-5 (CBCL 1.5-5) for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: 44 ASD infants and 100 normal infants participated. T-test, discriminant analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and odds ratio analysis were performed on the data. RESULTS: Discriminant validity was confirmed by mean differences and discriminant analysis on the subscales of Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, and all Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-oriented scales between the two groups. ROC curve analysis showed that Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, DSM pervasive developmental problems, DSM attention deficit/hyperactivity problems, and DSM oppositional defiant problems significantly predicted ASD infants compared to normal infants. In addition, the clinical cutoff score criteria adopted in the Korean CBCL 1.5-5 for subscales of Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, DSM pervasive developmental problems, DSM attention deficit/hyperactivity problems, and DSM oppositional defiant problems were shown to be valid. CONCLUSION: The subscales of Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, DSM pervasive developmental problems, DSM attention deficit/hyperactivity problems, and DSM oppositional defiant problems significantly discriminated for the diagnosis of ASD.

Discriminant Validity of the CBCL 1.5-5 in Diagnosis of Developmental Delayed Infants

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to verify discriminant validity and the clinical cutoff score of Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 in the diagnosis of developmental delayed infants. METHODS: The participants were screened by Denver II which includes 156 developmental delayed infants and 288 normal infants. Chi-squared test, t-test, ROC curve analysis, odds ratio analysis were performed on the data. RESULTS: Only 47 items out of 99 items among the CBCL 1.5-5 of total groups, 36 items of boys and 48 items of girls, discriminated developmental delayed infants well. Discriminant validity was confirmed by mean differences on the subscales of Withdrawn, Sleep Problems, Attention Problems, Internalizing Problems, Externalizing Problems, Total Problems, DSM Pervasive Developmental Problems and DSM Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Problems between the two groups. Additionally, ROC analyses demonstrated that Withdrawn, Attention Problems, Internalizing Problems, Total Behavior Problems and DSM Pervasive Developmental Problems significantly predicted developmental delayed infants compared to normal infants. Also, the clinical cutoff score criteria adopted in the Korean CBCL 1.5-5 for subscales of Withdrawn, Attention Problems, Internalizing Problems, Total Behavior Problems and DSM Pervasive Developmental Problems were shown to be valid. CONCLUSION: The subscales of Withdrawn, Attention Problems, Internalising Problems, Total Behavior Problems and DSM Pervasive Developmental Problems significantly discriminated in the diagnosis of developmental delayed infants well.