RESUMO
Introduction: Preservation of alveolar dimensions after tooth extraction is crucial to achieve optimal esthetic and functionalprosthodontic results. With the increasingly frequent use of dental implants to replace non-restorable teeth, preservation ofthe existing alveolus is essential to maintain adequate bone volume for placement and stabilization of the implants. The aimof the study was to clinically and radiographically compare and evaluate autogenous dentin as bone graft with demineralizedfreeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) and extraction socket left alone for healing.Materials and Methods: Ethical clearance was obtained for the study. A written informed consent was taken from all theparticipants. A total of 45 randomly selected adult patients were divided into three groups: (1) Extraction socket with graftmaterial placement: Autogenous dentin (natural tooth dentin) as a bone graft (15 participants). (2) Extraction socket with graftmaterial placement: DFDBA as a bone graft (15 participants). (3) Extraction socket to be left alone for healing (15 participants).The cases were examined at 3, 6, and 9 months post-intervention. For each visit, clinical and radiographic assessmentradiovisiography was done to access the bone tissue healing. The mean buccolingual bone ridge width and height werecompared both clinically and radiographically. The data collected were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 22.0.ANOVA and paired t-test were carried out for comparing the mean bone buccolingually on the radiograph. All P < 0.05 wereconsidered to be statistically significant.Results: The mean buccolingual ridge width measured by Vernier caliper for the I group was 7.13 ± 0.91, for II group, it was6.20 ± 0.86, and for the III group was 5.33 ± 0.61. The difference between the groups was statistically significant at 9 months.The mean height of the bone measured by radiograph showed that for I group, it was 6.33 ± 0.88, for II group, it was 6.13 ± 0.83,and for the III group, it was 5.33 ± 0.61. The difference in the mean outcome was significant between I and III as well as II andIII groups.Conclusion: The results of the grafted sites showed statistically significant difference compared to non-grafted sites.The alveolar ridge preservation shows reduction in buccolingual shrinkage. The present investigation shows thataugmenting the extraction socket with biomaterials may have the possibility to limit the buccolingual and coronalapical shrinkage.
RESUMO
@#Autogenous dentin is a promising biological material that can be used as a substitute for autologous bone. It has been used in postextraction site preservation, maxillary sinus floor elevation, and alveolar ridge augmentation. The clinical application methods of autologous dentin have showed great diversity without uniform standard. The present article reviewed the clinical application of autogenous dentin to provide new ideas for its future development. The literature review results show that dentin materials require several preparations before transplantation, among which the demineralization is a common chemical processing method. Demineralization can enhance the osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties of dentin, but the complex and time-consuming operation process has limited its application to a certain extent. Partial demineralization may be a more appropriate choice. During transplantation, the morphology of dentin depends on the condition of the bone defect and the surgical method. Granular materials with different diameters are convenient for filling irregular defects. Block materials are conducive to maintaining the space of the reconstruction site. Hollow frame materials are slightly more complicated to process but can combine the advantages of granular and block grafts. In addition to being used alone, dentin can also be transplanted in combination with multiple biological materials. Platelet-rich plasma combined with dentin materials has shown ideal results in clinical studies. Plaster of paris and calcium phosphate ceramics have also been combined with dentin materials in animal experiments. But since they have not been applied in humans, their clinical effects require further research.