Pediatric autoimmune epilepsy / 中国小儿急救医学

With the establishment of immune factors in the causes of epilepsy, the relationship between epilepsy and immunity has gradually become the focus of research.Autoimmune epilepsy has not been fully understood, but it is critical to identify the potential autoimmune etiology for epilepsy.Autoimmune epilepsy often does not respond well to conventional antiepileptic treatment but may be effective for immunotherapy.Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis as well as immunotherapy intervention are important factors to improve the prognosis of children with autoimmune epilepsy.At present, limited studies are available about autoimmune epilepsy in children.We briefly reviewed the concept evolution, epidemiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune epilepsy in children.

Recent advance in glutamate receptor subunit 3 peptide B antibodies involving in antoimmune epilepsy / 中华神经医学杂志

Autoimmune epilepsy (AE) is a type of epilepsy mediated by autoantibodies and immune cells. The main pathogenesis of AE is that autoimmune antibodies related to AE interact with surface of nervous cell membrane antigens or intracellular antigens, which leads to the disorder of excitatory and inhibitory nervous system and causes epileptic seizures. Glutamate receptor subunit 3 peptide B antibodies (GluR3B Ab's) are one type of anti-neuron autoantibodies related to AE, and they can combine with GluR3B subunit of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor (AMPAR), which causes an increase of intracellular calcium. Intracellular calcium overload further leads to dysregulation of energy metabolism in neurons or oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). The damage of neurons or OPCs eventually trigger seizure. Here, we mainly discuss the mechanisms of GluR3B Ab's involving in the development of autoimmune epilepsy.