Clinical significance of serum procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in the diagnosis of bacterial infectious diseases / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To explore the clinical significance of serum procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in the diagnosis of bacterial infectious diseases.@*Methods@#From January 2018 to January 2019, 107 patients with infectious diseases admitted to Weishan Branch of Dongyang People's Hospital were divided into bacterial infection group (61 cases) and non-bacterial infection group (46 cases) according to whether bacterial infection occurred or not.And 50 healthy people from Weishan Branch of Dongyang People's Hospitalwere selected as control group.Peripheral venous blood was collected 24 h after admission, and the serum was separated.The PCT content was determined by dry immunofluorescence method, CRP content was determined by immunoscattering rate method, and IL-6 and TNF-α contents were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum PCT, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α levels, the positive rates of PCT, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α, and the combined diagnostic efficacy of PCT, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α were compared among the three groups.@*Results@#Theserum PCT [(4.73±0.87)ng/L], CRP [(24.31±5.42)mg/L], IL-6 [(15.48±3.24)μg/L] and TNF-α[(19.39±3.24)μg/L] in the bacterial infection group were higher than those in the non-bacterial infection group and the control group which in the non-bacterial infection group were higher than those in the control group, there were statistically significant differences among the three groups (F=19.832, 10.271, 24.352, 29.318, all P<0.05). The positive rates of PCT (95.08%), CRP (93.44%), IL-6 (80.33%) and TNF-α (75.41%) in the bacterial infection group were higher than those in the non-bacterial infection group and the control group, which in the non-bacterial infection group (34.78%, 39.13%, 50.00%, 45.65%) were higher than those in the control group (2.00%, 2.00%, 6.00%, 8.00%), the differences were statistically significant (χ2=16.521, 14.352, 10.298, 7.489, all P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of combined diagnosis of PCT, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α were higher than those of individual indicator.@*Conclusion@#Serum PCT, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α levels are significantly increased in patients with bacterial infectious diseases.The sensitivity and specificity of combined diagnosis are high, which can be used as a basis for the diagnosis of bacterial infectious diseases.

Application of gene-sequencing technique in the monitoring of bacterial infectious diseases / 中国医学装备

Gene-sequencing technique is the most important techniques in the research of modern molecular biology. After decades of development, it has been widely used in disease detection and monitoring due to its high throughput, fast speed and high accuracy. Therefore, the principle and development process of gene-sequencing technique were summarized in this paper, and the principle of gene-sequencing technique of the first generation, the second generation and the third generation and all kind of gene-sequencing equipment based on various principle of technique were systematic introduced in this paper. Besides, the paper also explored and discussed the selection and application of various kind of gene-sequencing equipment in the emergency and early warning monitoring for bacterial infectious disease. On the other hand, the paper also summarized and prospected the application and development of gene-sequencing technique in biology and biomedical research.

Value on application of combined CRP, PA with blood routine inspection in diagnosis of bacterial infectious diseases in children / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To explore the value on application of combined C-reactive protein(CRP), serum albumin(PA)with blood routine inspection in diagnosis of bacterial infectious diseases in children.Methods 98 cases of patients confirmed infectious diseases in our hospital were selected as the study objects, and 68 cases with bacterial infectious diseases were as the bacterial infection group, while 30 cases with non-bacterial infection were as the non-bacterial infection group.Another 50 cases of healthy children were as the control group.All the children and children in the control group were given CRP, PA and blood routine detection, The diagnostic coincidence rates were evakuated according to the examination Results .ResultsCRP and WBC levels in the bacterial infection group were significantly higher than those in the non-bacterial infection group and the control group (P<0.05), PA level in the bacterial infection group were significantly higher than that in the non-bacterial infection group and the control group (P<0.05), The children's urine and cerebrospinal fluid or sputum bacterial culture results as the gold standard, 68 cases were true positive, and 30 were negative.CRP diagnosis showed 40 cases were positive, 58 cases negative, 13 cases false positive, and 41 cases false negative, the detection sensitivity was 39.71%, specificity was 56.67%, and coincidence rate was 44.90%.PA diagnosis showed 43 cases were positive, 55 cases negative, 12 cases false positive, and 37 cases false negative, the detection sensitivity was 45.59%, specificity was 60.00%, and coincidence rate was 50.00%.WBC diagnosis showed 47 cases were positive, 51 cases negative, 14 cases false positive, and 35 cases false negative, the detection sensitivity was 48.53%, specificity was 53.33%, and coincidence rate was 52.04%.CRP, PA, WBC combined diagnosis showed 62 cases were positive, 36 cases negative, 3 cases false positive, and 9 cases false negative, the detection sensitivity was 86.76%, specificity was 90.00%, and coincidence rate was 87.76%.The sensitivity, specificity and coincidence rate of CRP, PA and WBC combined diagnosis were significantly higher than those of CRP, PA and WBC diagnosis results.There were no significant differences in sensitivity, specificity and coincidence rate among single diagnosis of CRP, PA and WBC.Conclusion Implementation of combined CRP, PA with WBC in diagnosis of bacterial infection in children can effectively improve diagnostic coincidence rate.and provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment.

Application of serum procalcitonin test in diagnosis of neonatal bacterial infectious diseases / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of procalcitonin(PCT) in bacterial infectious diseases for newborns . Methods Using enzyme‐linked immune fluorescence analysis technology to determine PCT of 90 samples of neonatal serum .The Observation group(48 cases) and control group(42 cases) were grouped according to the gold standard which were microbial cul‐ture result of sterile body fluid and clinical diagnosis .Recorded the values of PCT ,WBC ,CRP and IL‐6 detected in the same period , then calculate the sensitivity and specificity ,and draw the ROC curve to compare sensitivity and specificity between PCT and the other infectious indicators .Results The sensitivity and specificity of PCT were 87 .50% and 85 .71% respectively ,the positive pre‐dictive value(PPV) and negative predictive value(NPV)of it were 87 .50% and 85 .71% .However ,the sensitivity and specificity of CRP were 81 .25% and 83 .33% ,the PPV and NPV of it were 84 .78% and 79 .54% .The sensitivity and specificity of WBC were 68 .75% and 57 .14% ,the PPV and NPV of it were 64 .70% and 61 .53% .The sensitivity and specificity of IL‐6 were 93 .75% and 71 .43% ,the PPV and NPV of it were 78 .95% and 90 .91% .In addition to that ,the area under the ROC of PCT ,CRP ,IL‐6 and WBC ,which were 0 .859 ,0 .852 ,0 .803 and 0 .647 respectively .Conclusion Compared with the other 3 infectious indicators ,PCT has high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of neonatal bacterial infection diseases .Moreover ,the detection method of PCT is simple and feasible ,PCT could also provide laboratory basis for the diagnosis .

The evalue of procalcitonin detection in guiding antibiotic use / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical value of the procalcitonin (PCT)measurement in preventing the occurrence of the bacterial drug resistance and reducing the overuse of antibiotics.Methods 400 inpatients without thyroid dysfunction but with suspected bacterial infections in our hospital from June 2012 to April 2013 were screeded out.Under the patient′s informed consent and the allowable condition,the routine treatment group (200 cases )and the PCT guidance group(200 cases )were obtained. Then,the antibiotic use time,hospitalization duration and hospitalization expenses were retrospectively anlyzed in the two groups. Meanwhile,the PCT guidance group was dynamically monitored.Results The mean antibiotic therapeutic time in the PCT guidance group was shorter than that in the routine treatment group;the average hospitalization days had statistical difference between the two groups (P<0.001 );the antibiotic expenses accounted for 26.4% and 32.0% of the hospitalization medication costs,which also had statistically significant difference (P <0.001).The clinical pulmonary infection scores(CPIS)were not compared because of lacking microbiology indicators.During the dynamic monitoring,when PCT<0.10 ng/mL,the antibiotic use was stopped,when PCT≥0.25 ng/mL,the antibiotic use was restored,when PCT≥0.25 ng/mL or≥0.50 ng/mL for consecutive 3 d,adjusting the antibiotics,dose or administrating route obtained significantly therapeutic effect,which indicating that PCT could be used for the prognosis judgement of the disease.Conclusion The once measurement of serum PCT could guide for diagnosing and assessing the infection degree,while its continuous measurement could guide the antibiotic use and make the prognosis on the disease condition.

The changes of serum apolipoprotein E in pediatric infectious diseases / 中华传染病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of serum apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in children with infectious diseases.MethodsA total of 279 pediatric patients with infectious diseases were enrolled in this study,including 65 patients with sepsis,47 patients with bacterial meningitis,67 patients with bacterial pneumonia, 47 patients with aseptic meningitis and 53 patients with mycoplasmapneumonia. TheserumApoEcollectedfromallpatientswasdetectedby immunoturbidimetric assay (IA).The septic mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of group B Salmonella typhimurium.Mouse serum ApoE levels were detected by IA,and the hepatic ApoE mRNA and protein expressions of mice were detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot,respectively.Data in two groups were compared by independent-sample t test.ResultsSerum ApoE levels in patients with bacterial infections were increased dramatically,which was (59.8±23.5) mg/L in patients with sepsis (t=-5.118,P＜0.01),while no significant differences were found in patients with aseptic meningitis and myeoplasma pneumonia.Moreover,a high level of serum ApoE was detected in septic mouse model,while the hepatic ApoE mRNA and protein expressions of the mice were both decreased,with mRNA decreased 71％ at 3 hour (t=5.022,P＜0.01) and 73％ at 24 hour (t=4.181,P＜0.01).Conclusions Serum ApoE levels in bacterial infections increase dramatically,while its hepatic expression in septic mouse model is decreased,which indicates that the elevated serum ApoE level is not related to the changes of hepatic ApoE expression.