Hepatobiliary tumor models and novel technology for accurate drug screening / 临床肝胆病杂志

Hepatobiliary tumor is a type of malignant tumor including primary liver cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder carcinoma. At present, hepatobiliary tumors have become the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, while the treatment methods for such tumors cannot effectively meet clinical needs. Therefore, it is a key scientific problem in this field to explore and develop the experimental technology of accurate drug screening for hepatobiliary tumors, find new strategies and methods for clinical treatment, and provide new ideas for early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of hepatobiliary tumors. This article introduces the latest research advances in the novel technologies for accurate drug screening for hepatobiliary tumor and their application potential by focusing on the construction of individualized pathological models of hepatobiliary tumor, drug screening technologies, the design and screening strategy of specific target drugs, and drug screening strategy based on artificial intelligence and big data analysis, as well as the directions for future development.

Expert opinion on nutritional treatment for patients with biliary tract tumors / 临床肝胆病杂志

Although biliary tract Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology malignancy is not common in the world, its incidence is increasing year by year and its malignancy is high. The incidence of biliary tract malignancy in China is also increasing year by year. The prognosis of patients with cholangiocarcinoma is poor. Therefore, the palliative and supportive treatments of malignant tumors of the biliary tract system are particularly important, with the main purpose of improving the quality of life and extending the survival time as much as possible. The malignant tumor palliative biliary system and nutrition treatment is particularly important. Its main purpose is to improve the quality of life as much as possible, to prolong survival time. Early postoperative feeding in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma can effectively reduce the incidence of complications such as abdominal distention and urinary retention, and accelerate postoperative rehabilitation of patients. The principle of selection of nutritional treatment approaches for biliary tract malignant tumors is basically the same as that for other malignant tumors, but it also has its characteristics: 1. biliary tract surgery is mostly limited to the upper digestive tract, and the intestinal canal below the jejunum is less affected. 2. For patients with preoperative malnutrition, especially those with moderate or above obstructive jaundice, enteral nutrition through oral or nasojejunal catheterization or through T-tube jejunal catheterization is recommended. For patients with poor liver function reserve and extensive hepatectomy or severe obstructive jaundice, biliary stent drainage or percutaneous hepatocentesis biliary drainage should be actively performed for biliary decompression, so as to improve liver function as soon as possible and promote the metabolism and absorption of nutrients. 4.PTCD is a method widely used in clinical treatment of malignant biliary obstruction.

Colangiocarcinoma en el 2011 / Cholangiocarcinoma in 2011

Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare disease in the western World, but it comprises a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Its outcome strongly depends on early diagnosis and complete surgical resection. As of today there are no surgical procedures that have proved increase in the survival rate for patients with these types of tumors. Recently, liver transplant appears as a promising alternative reporting a survival rate over 80 percent in 5 years. However, it has been impossible to replicate these results in the majority of the Centers specialized in the management of this disease. The present article shows epidemiological data of the disease, diagnostic methods and options of treatment according to the staging.

El colangiocarcinoma es una patología infrecuente en el mundo occidental, pero representa un desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico. Su pronóstico es muy dependiente de la precocidad del diagnóstico y la resección quirúrgica completa. Hasta ahora no existen terapias no quirúrgicas que hayan demostrado aumentar la sobrevida para este tipo de tumores. Últimamente, el trasplante de hígado aparece como una alternativa promisoria con reportes de sobrevida por sobre el 80 por ciento a 5 años, sin embargo, estos resultados no han podido ser replicados por la mayoría de los centros con alta experiencia en el manejo de esta enfermedad. En el presente artículo se detallan los antecedentes epidemiológicos de la enfermedad, los métodos diagnósticos y opciones de tratamiento según el estadío.