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The study of biologically active substances-secondary metabolites of plants that exhibit geroprotective properties is an actual and popular direction in medicine to prevent early aging. This work aims to select the cultivation parameters for obtaining in vitro cell cultures of meadowsweet containing the largest amount of biologically active substances (BAS) for their further extraction as candidate substances for geroprotectors. To specify the effectiveness of the selected cell culture cultivation parameters, biomass growth for callus and root cultures, growth index, specific growth rate, and viability for suspension cultures was carried out. The study results made it possible to select the nutrient media for the cultivation of cell cultures of meadowsweet. It has been found that the greater the antioxidant activity of the extracts, the greater the antimicrobial properties it exhibits. In this study, cell cultures in vitro and alcohol extracts from the plant Filipendula ulmaria were considered as raw materials rich in candidate substances for geroprotectors. According to the data obtained, the plant is rich in hydroxybenzoic and salicylic acids, spireoside, avicularin, and hyperoside.
O estudo de substâncias biologicamente ativas - metabólitos secundários de plantas que apresentam propriedades geroprotetoras - é uma tendência atual e popular no campo da medicina para a prevenção do envelhecimento precoce. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar os parâmetros de cultivo para obtenção de culturas celulares in vitro de Ulmária contendo a maior quantidade de substâncias biologicamente ativas (SBA), para sua posterior extração como substâncias candidatas a serem geroprotetoras. Para especificar a eficácia dos parâmetros selecionados de cultivo em cultura de células, foi realizada a análise de crescimento de biomassa para culturas de calos e raízes, índice de crescimento, taxa de crescimento específica e viabilidade para culturas em suspensão. Os resultados do estudo possibilitaram a seleção do meio nutriente para o cultivo de células de Ulmária. Verificou-se que, quanto maior a atividade antioxidante dos extratos, maiores eram as propriedades antimicrobianas exibidas. Neste estudo, culturas celulares in vitro e extratos alcoólicos da planta Filipendula ulmaria foram considerados matérias-primas ricas em substâncias candidatas a serem geroprotetoras. De acordo com os dados obtidos, a planta é rica em ácidos hidroxibenzoico e salicílico, espirosídeo, avicularina e hiperosídeo.
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Plantas Medicinais/genética , Envelhecimento , Senilidade Prematura , AntioxidantesRESUMO
Abstract The study of biologically active substances-secondary metabolites of plants that exhibit geroprotective properties is an actual and popular direction in medicine to prevent early aging. This work aims to select the cultivation parameters for obtaining in vitro cell cultures of meadowsweet containing the largest amount of biologically active substances (BAS) for their further extraction as candidate substances for geroprotectors. To specify the effectiveness of the selected cell culture cultivation parameters, biomass growth for callus and root cultures, growth index, specific growth rate, and viability for suspension cultures was carried out. The study results made it possible to select the nutrient media for the cultivation of cell cultures of meadowsweet. It has been found that the greater the antioxidant activity of the extracts, the greater the antimicrobial properties it exhibits. In this study, cell cultures in vitro and alcohol extracts from the plant Filipendula ulmaria were considered as raw materials rich in candidate substances for geroprotectors. According to the data obtained, the plant is rich in hydroxybenzoic and salicylic acids, spireoside, avicularin, and hyperoside.
Resumo O estudo de substâncias biologicamente ativas metabólitos secundários de plantas que apresentam propriedades geroprotetoras é uma tendência atual e popular no campo da medicina para a prevenção do envelhecimento precoce. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar os parâmetros de cultivo para obtenção de culturas celulares in vitro de Ulmária contendo a maior quantidade de substâncias biologicamente ativas (SBA), para sua posterior extração como substâncias candidatas a serem geroprotetoras. Para especificar a eficácia dos parâmetros selecionados de cultivo em cultura de células, foi realizada a análise de crescimento de biomassa para culturas de calos e raízes, índice de crescimento, taxa de crescimento específica e viabilidade para culturas em suspensão. Os resultados do estudo possibilitaram a seleção do meio nutriente para o cultivo de células de Ulmária. Verificou-se que, quanto maior a atividade antioxidante dos extratos, maiores eram as propriedades antimicrobianas exibidas. Neste estudo, culturas celulares in vitro e extratos alcoólicos da planta Filipendula ulmaria foram considerados matérias-primas ricas em substâncias candidatas a serem geroprotetoras. De acordo com os dados obtidos, a planta é rica em ácidos hidroxibenzoico e salicílico, espirosídeo, avicularina e hiperosídeo.
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OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to develop expert fuzzy logic model to assist physicians in the prediction of postoperative complications of prostatic hyperplasia before surgery.@*METHODS@#A method for classification of surgical risks was developed. The effect of rotation of the current-voltage characteristics at biologically active points (acupuncture points) was used for the formation of classifier descriptors. The effect determined reversible and non-reversible changes in electrical resistance at acupuncture points with periodic exposure to a sawtooth probe current. Then, the developed method was tested on the prediction of the success of surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.@*RESULTS@#Input descriptors were obtained from collected data including current-voltage characteristics of 5 acupuncture points and composed of 27 arrays feeding in the model. The maximum diagnostic sensitivity of the classifier for the success of a surgical operation in the control sample was 88% and for testing data set prediction accuracy was 97%.@*CONCLUSION@#The use of tuples of current-voltage characteristic descriptors of acupuncture points in the classifiers could be used to predict the success of surgical treatment with satisfactory accuracy. The model can be a valuable tool to support physicians' diagnosis.
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Pontos de Acupuntura , Terapia por Acupuntura , Lógica FuzzyRESUMO
The paper deals with the scientifically based composition of a new food supplement. The specialized productimproves metabolism in people with nervous system disorders, its ingredients having a synergetic effect. Onetablet of the food supplement contains, mg: Gotu Kola (fruit) – 50 , L-glutamine acid - 50, motherwort - 25,lecithin - 25, gamma-aminobutyric acid - 25, calcium carbonate - 25, magnesium oxide - 25, choline bitartrate -20, guarana - 16.5, ginkgo biloba (extract) - 15, hawthorn (fruit) - 15, ginseng (root) - 13, inositol - 8, Lmethionine - 8, L-tyrosine - 7.5, L-phenylalanine - 7.5, L-caratin - 5, vitamin B3 - 5, B5-2.5, DNase - 4, RNase -4, vitamin B6 - 1, vitamin B1 - 0.5, folic acid - 0.2, vitamin B12 - 00005. The authors provide biochemicalcharacteristics of the supplement active substances to establish its functional properties and regulated qualityindicators, including nutritional value, as well as a possible mechanism of metabolism normalization. The safetycriteria comply with regulatory documents requirements, which have been proved by sanitary-hygienic andsanitary-toxicological studies.The functional properties of the specialized product and its efficacy are confirmed by conducting field trialswith a representative group of patients with angioneurosis. Taking two tablets (recommended daily dose)provides the body with the following nutrients intake (in parentheses - percentage of the recommended dailyintake): vitamin B1 – 1mg (67%); Vitamin B3 - 10 mg (50%); Vitamin B5 - 5 mg (100%); Vitamin B6 - 2.0 mg(100%); Vitamin B9 - 0.4 mg (200%); vitamin B12 - 0.001 mg (30%); magnesium - 30 mg (8%), flavoneglycosides (quercetin, campherol, isorhamnetin) - 2 mg (6%). The product composition and manufacturingtechnology have been tested and implemented at the enterprises of the company ArtLife (Tomsk), which arecertified following the requirements of the international standards of the ISO 9001, 22000 series, and GMPrules. That ensures product quality and functional properties stability.
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In searching for alternatives to traditional chemical medicines, including feed antibiotics, scientists around the world are developing a new generation of medicines, phytobiotics. This work was aimed at studying the phytobiotics (pharmaceutical substances) production technology using the method of low-temperature vacuum water-ethanol extraction of Siberian medicinal plants, followed by low-temperature vacuum drying and determination of the main biologically active substances that had the required pharmacological effect on the organisms of farm animals and poultry. The objects of the study in this work were Siberian medicinal plants and ready phytobiotics (pharmaceutical substances). The article describes the technological conditions for obtaining pharmaceutical substances and their properties concerning the content of biologically active substances. It has been found that for obtaining pharmaceutical substances, extraction should be performed in three stages: two water extractions and ethanol- water extraction. The article provides a list of medicinal plants and the amounts of biologically active substances that ensure certain pharmacological effects on the set of economically useful qualities in farm animals and poultry and contained in phytobiotics (pharmaceutical substances) based on extracts from medicinal plants.
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Animais , Plantas Medicinais/classificação , Aves Domésticas , Tecnologia , Biofarmácia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Compostos Fitoquímicos/classificação , Aditivos Alimentares , Animais DomésticosRESUMO
Background and Objectives: The long history of traditional medicine clearly demonstrates the role of nutrition in the prevention andtreatment of the disease. Of particular importance in modern scientific medicine is the simultaneous use natural biologically activecomplexes and mediccines. The objective of this study is to provide clinical evidence of the effectiveness and functional orientation of a newtype of biologically active additives (BAA) in the patients with vegetative vascular dystonia and chronic cerebrovascular disorder.Methodology: The principles of the modern science of nutrition on the role of individual macro-and micronutrients, and minor componentsof food in the correction of metabolic disorders form the methodological basis of the research. Results: The biologically active additive"Sophia" was introduced in the diet of the patients for 4 weeks at a dose of one tablet, in combination with 50 mg of Trental per day (the 1stmain group). The 2nd main group received an additional "Guta-Viva" additive. The 3rd (control) group received Trental only, at theprescribed dosage. The use of BAA had a positive effect on the relief of disease syndromes, and improved overall health. Conclusion: Theantioxidant effect of the specialized product, as well as the improvement of metabolic processes in the brain, was noted. A conclusion wasmade that the test product can be an effective remedy in the treatment of moderately grave vegetative-vascular dystonia. BAA is welltolerated by the patients and does not cause side effects.
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The prescription composition and the technology of a new type of specialized product - biologically active additive BAAhave been scientifically grounded. The pharmacological properties and functional orientation of the active principles of theformulation components of the dietary supplements were studied, which made it possible to determine the quantitative andqualitative composition of the formulation which has a synergistic effect on metabolic processes in the presence ofdeforming osteoarthrosis: bamboo extract, glucosamine and chondroitin, aloe vera extracts, leaves and grape seeds, vitaminand mineral composition with green tea extract, and the antioxidant complex "Cifrol-5". A production technology providinghigh consumer performance for the developed product was approved. Clinical trials involving two groups of women aged44-49 with deforming osteoarthritis of the knee joints confirmed the functional properties of the complex. The first groupreceived the BAA, the second was a control group. Changes in the control indicators were registered after dietary therapyor in clinically significant periods of patient recovery. The control indicators were joint soreness, skin, hair, and nailcondition, and the recovery time of postoperative sutures. The complex application of diet therapy and the basic treatmentfor dystrophic joint diseases and the rehabilitation measures of the postoperative period were shown to be effective. Inpatients, joint pain and pain index decreased, the fragility of nails and hair was reduced, the microcirculation of the nail bedimproved, and the healing time of the surgical sutures decreased. The consistency of quality indicators and consumerperformance was ensured by production certifications for the developed products within the requirements of internationalstandards of the ISO 9001 and 22000 series and GMP rules.
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Recently, studying myocardial energy metabolism pathways or improving myocardial metabolism through drugs is another effective strategy for treating ischemic heart disease. Many active components of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have been found to modulate energy metabolism in myocardial cells, cerebral vascular cells, endothelial cells and tumour cells. This paper reviews the advances in studies on the active components of CHMs that modulating energy metabolism in treating cardiovascular diseases over the past five years.
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ABSTRACT Pharmacological activities as anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperuricemic, anti-gouty arthritis, antitumor and trypanocidal activities of the aerial parts from Lychnophora trichocarpha (Spreng.) Spreng. ex Sch.Bip., Asteraceae (Brazilian arnica) have already been proved. Eremantholide C is a sesquiterpene lactone and one of the active chemical constituents responsible for these activities presented by L. trichocarpha. Therefore, the aim of this work was to develop and validate a stability indicating HPLC method for eremantholide C. Eremantholide C stability was evaluated in L. trichocarpha ethanolic extract and in its isolated form. Analytical conditions employed C18 column, acetonitrile/water in gradient elution, flow of 0.8 ml/min at 30 ºC. To correct for the loss of analyte during sample preparation the use of coumarin as an internal standard was necessary. The developed method provides good separation and resolution of the peaks, allowing quantification of eremantholide C, isolated or directly in the ethanolic extract, in internal standard presence. Validation results showed that this method is linear in the concentration range 2-180 µg/ml, precise, accurate and specific. Stability studies showed that L. trichocarpha ethanolic extract and eremantholide C remain stable for 6 months when stored at room temperature and impermeable glass bottle, therefore they can be used safely and effectively within this period. While at 40 ºC there was stability loss, at 8 ºC a stability increase was observed for the extract and the isolated eremantholide C. Forced degradation studies showed that eremantholide C degraded under acidic and alkaline conditions and was stable for three days under neutral and oxidative conditions, and when exposed to high temperature. Thus, with the development of a stability indicative method and the application of it in eremantholide C stability studies, the results can guide the development of new products that adequately preserve the original features of the biologically active substance with quality, safety and efficacy.
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As an important herbaceous plant, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Chinese skullcap) is geographically widespread and commonly used throughout the world. In the Chinese medicine market, S. baicalensis has been divided into two primary types, "Ku Qin" (WXR) and "Tiao Qin" (TST). Moreover, TST is also divided into different grades according to the diameter of roots. To explore the distribution patterns of the contents of five biologically activate ingredients (FBAI), we used six-year-old cultivated S. baicalensis and analyzed its growth characteristics as well as the quality difference among different types and diameters in roots. Throughout the entire root, we discovered that contents of the FBAI all initially increased and subsequently decreased from the top to the bottom of the roots. The baicalin content of WXR was less than that of TST. On the contrary, the contents of baicalein, wogonin, and oroxylin A in WXR were up to about two times higher than that in TST. We also found that the 0 to 40 cm part of the S. baicalensis root possessed about 87% of the root biomass and about 92% of the contents of the active ingredients.
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Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Química , Flavanonas , Flavonoides , Raízes de Plantas , Química , Scutellaria baicalensis , QuímicaRESUMO
Countless studies have been devoted to the scientific evaluation of the safety and/or efficacy of botanical natural products. Investigators involved in such studies face a unique set of challenges. Natural products differ from their pharmaceutical counterparts in that they are typically complex mixtures, for which the identities and quantities of components present are not known. To further complicate matters, the composition of these mixtures will vary depending on source material and method of preparation. Investigators conducting clinical trials with complex botanical natural products must choose from a myriad of potential preparations, which may vary greatly in composition. In making such decisions, it is extremely useful to know which components of the mixture are most likely to be responsible for its purported biological activity (the ″active constituents″). The gold standard approach for identifying active constituents of botanical natural products is bioassay-guided fractionation, in which the mixture is subjected to successive rounds of purification and bioassays until an active compound is identified. Bioassay guided fractionation has historically played a critical role in drug discovery, but is, nonetheless, fraught with challenges. The process is biased towards the most abundant and easily isolatable mixture components, which may not be the most biologically active. Furthermore, if multiple compounds contribute either additively, antagonistically, or synergistically to the observed biological activity of the mixture, activity may be lost upon isolation. As a complementary strategy to bioassay-guided fractionation, our research group has developed untargeted metabolomics strategies to aid in the identification of bioactive mixture components. These strategies involve profiling botanical mixtures using ultraperformance chromatography coupled to high resolving power mass spectrometry. The resulting chemical data is then integrated with biological assay data using bioche?mometric data analysis strategies. Several case studies will be presented illustrating how this approach can be applied, including for the identification of compounds from the botanical green (Camellia sinensis) that inhibit drug metabolizing enzymes. Such studies are being conducted as part of the Center for Excellence in Natural Product Drug Interaction Studies (NaPDI), which is supported by a cooperative agreement with the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, a component of the National Institutes of Health.
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"Biologically active supplement is natural health care food with no harm to the human body, rich in various vitamins and prevent us from disease. Aim of medicine is prevent from disease, treatment, diagnosis and to be clear such as indications, use, dose, main active substance, regulation of physiology. In This article, related knowledge of medicine and health care food, to clarify the relationship between health care food and medicine, which provide evidence for how to use health care food and medicine correctly. Biologically active supplements have many effects such as protects human body, improve health, prevent from disease etc, but the effects nature is not same. So biologically active supplements are not used as substitute to medicine. Key words: Biologically active supplement; medicine; difference."
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Introduction: Calendula officinalis L. is aromatic herbaceous yearling of the family of Asteraceae. Ethanol extract, decoction and ointment of the plant is used to treat or relieve injury, trauma, erosion, purulent trauma or slow healing abrasions, furuncle, carbuncle, congelation, burn, bed sore, herpes and lichen as cream and spray. Goal :To define biologically active substances in cultivated calendula officinalis Materials and Methods: Calendula officinalis has been harvested from Monos pharmacological institute, garden of medical plants and prepared according to the appropriate standards. β –carotene and flavonoids were quantified by spectrophotometer, Alkaloid, tannin and ascorbic acids were quantified by tetrameter, Extractive substances, ash and humidity were quantified by weight analysis Results: Quantitative analysis of the flower of calendula officinalis has been carried out following first Mongolian national pharmacopeia and Russian National pharmacopeia XI and defined that β -carotene 1.4313%, alkaloids 0.1229%, flavonoids 2.8817%, tannin 1.2376%, ascorbic acid 0.0702%, extractive substances 40.18%, ash content 11.75% and humidity 5.95%. Flower of calendula officinalis has been extracted by water, 30%, 50% and 80% ethanol, then made comparative analysis on content of β–carotiene. When extracted by 80% ethanol, content of β – carotene was the highest or 150 mg. Therefore optimum extraction solvent quantity has been defined to be 80% ethanol. Microbiological analysis has no revealed any organisms and bacteria in solid extract of the plant. Conclusions: 1. Quality and countable analysis of biologically active substance in the flower of calendula officinalis has been completed. 2. β –carotene the main active substance in cultivated calendula officinalis, is found to be 1.4 gr which that meets Mongolian National Standards of medicine. 3. The 80% ethanol extract of calendula officinalis contained 150mg β –carotene, the maximum content of β –carotene. Hence optimum extraction solvent was found to be 80%ethanol and it will be and used for future research. 4. Microbiological parameters of 80% solid extract of the plant has met quality requirements. Key words: β –carotene, Biologically active substance, Calendula officinalis,
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O filtro ecológico representa uma promissora tecnologia de tratamento, em razão desta não necessitar da aplicação de produtos químicos, além de sua constatada eficiência. Nele, estabelece-se entre os seres vivos a relação de cadeia alimentar. Inicialmente uma matriz aquosa foi acrescida de quatro fármacos (diclofenaco, naproxeno, ibuprofeno e paracetamol) e posteriormente analisada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência para avaliar a remoção desses compostos pelo filtro ecológico seguido pelo filtro de carvão granular biologicamente ativado. Parâmetros, entre eles turbidez, coliformes totais e termotolerantes, cor aparente e cor verdadeira, foram mensurados para verificar a eficiência dos filtros. Houve remoção de 97,43% do diclofenaco, 85,03% do ibuprofeno: 94,11% do naproxeno e 84,07% do paracetamol.
The ecological filter represents a promising treatment technology, because this doesn't require the application of chemicals and is efficient. In it, is between living beings the relationship of the food chain. Initially an aqueous matrix was added to four drugs (diclofenac, naproxen, ibuprofen and paracetamol), and subsequently analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography to evaluate the removal of these compounds by ecological filter followed by granular activated carbon filter biologically active. The pharmacological compounds and parameters such as turbity, total and fecal coliforms, apparent color and true color were measured to evaluate the effectiveness of filters. There was removal of the drugs applied and the parameters measured. The percentages of removal were 97,43% of diclofenaco,85,03% of ibuprofen, 94,11% of naproxen and 84,07% of paracetamol.
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The skin of amphibians possesses a large diversity of biologically active compounds that are associated with the natural defenses of these animals against pathogens. Five different extracts and fractions were obtained from the skin of Rhinella jimi: methanol extract (ME), methanol fractions (MF), chloroform extract of methanol extract (CF), aqueous alkaloid fraction (AAF) and aqueous non-alkaloid fraction (ANAF). All fractions were evaluated with respect to their antibiotic modifying activity in standard bacterial strains and multiresistant clinical isolates. Antagonism was detected with kanamycin and gentamicin when combined with substances obtained from the skin of R. jimi. Phototoxic activity was observed in the methanol and chlorophorm fractions, as well as the aqueous non-alkaloid fraction. The antagonistic action was apparently associated with the protection afforded by the bacterial populations that inhabit the skin of this amphibian, preventing colonization by pathogenic fungi. The phototoxic activity demonstrated by natural products from the skin of R. jimi showed an interruption of the bacterial growth after UV exposure. This could indicate an antibacterial effect activated by the UV light, opening a path for carrying the attack by pathogenic fungi, causing the disease related with the amphibian decline.
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The liver is an important organ of the body,with an extraordinary capacity for responding to physical or chemical injuries by regenerating. The mechanisms behind liver regeneration are very complicated as hundreds of substances are involved.However,most of them are not liver-specific,such as HGF,EGF etc. We recently isolated a pure protein with hepatic stimulatory activity from the extract of a weanling calf liver and named its hepatopoietin Cn (HPPCn).This paper,with reference to our own work, mainly reviews the development and bioactivity about hepatic stimulator substance(HSS),augmenter of liver regeneration(ALR),hepassocin(HPS) and HPPCn,which are liver-specific biologically active peptides.