RESUMO
Objective: The present study was aimed at evaluating the contribution of transrectal prostate ultrasound in the screening for prostate neoplasias and in the guidance of prostate biopsies. Materials and Methods: Prospective study developed over a one-year period. All the patients with indication for prostate biopsy were evaluated. Regardless of PSA values, the patients underwent ultrasound in order to identify suspicious nodules (confirmed by two observers). Sextant biopsy was subsequently performed. In cases of finding suspicious nodules, an additional puncture directed to such nodules was done. Results: In a total of 155 cases the prevalence of malignancy was of 53%. Suspicious nodules were detected in 34 patients, and 25 where malignant (positive predictive value of 74%). The specificity and sensitivity for suspicious nodules were 88% and 31% respectively. Comparatively with the randomly obtained sextant specimens, the rate of findings of neoplasia was higher in the specimens obtained with puncture directed to the nodule (p = 0.032). No statistically significant difference was observed in the Gleason score for both types of specimens (p = 0.172). Conclusion: The high positive predictive value and the high rate of findings of neoplasia in specimens of suspicious nodules should be taken into consideration in the future. The authors suggest a biopsy technique similar to the one described in the present study (sextant biopsy plus puncture directed to the suspicious nodule). .
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o papel da ecografia prostática transretal no rastreamento da neoplasia prostática e na orientação da biópsia prostática. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo prospectivo com a duração de um ano. Foram avaliados todos os doentes com indicação para biópsia. Ignorando o valor de PSA, realizamos ecografia para identificar nódulos suspeitos (confirmados por dois observadores). Efetuamos, depois, biópsia dirigida a todos os sextantes. Nos casos com nódulo suspeito, efetuamos ainda punção adicional dirigida ao nódulo. Resultados: Num total de 155 casos, a prevalência de malignidade foi 53%. Detectamos nódulos suspeitos em 34 pacientes, 25 dos quais malignos (valor preditivo positivo de 74%). A especificidade e a sensibilidade dos nódulos suspeitos foram 88% e 31%, respectivamente. A porcentagem de tumor foi superior nas biópsias dirigidas ao nódulo, comparativamente à amostra com maior representação tumoral obtida aleatoriamente (p = 0,032). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o escore de Gleason de ambas as amostras (p = 0,172). Conclusão: O elevado valor preditivo positivo e a elevada representação tumoral nos nódulos considerados suspeitos deverão ser levados em consideração no futuro. Sugerimos uma técnica de biópsia igual à utilizada neste estudo (biópsia sextante mais punção dirigida a nódulo suspeito). .
RESUMO
Determinar la sensibilidad y especificidad de la biopsia dirigida por colposcopia en el diagnóstico de cáncer de cérvix. Material y Métodos: estudio analítico, descriptivo, retrospectivo, en el que se revisaron las Historias clínicas de las pacientes a las que se les realizó conización por diagnóstico de cáncer de cérvix en el HN Arzobispo Loayza entre Junio de 2008 a Junio del 2013. Resultados: De un total de 123 pacientes estudiadas, en 20, se identificó carcinoma epidermoide, que predominó entre los 40 y antes de los 55 años. De las indicaciones de conización, el 17.6%, se debió a disociación citohistológica. Conclusión: Se determinó que la sensibilidad fue de 42.3 %, especificidad 93.8 % para cáncer de cérvix diagnosticada por biopsia dirigida por colposcopia...
To determine the findings with conization by diagnosis of cervical cancer, determine the sensibitivity and specificity of colposcopy directed biopsy in the diagnosis of cervical cancer. This is an analytical, descriptive and retrospective study. Material and Methods: The study will be conducted in the Arzobispo Loayza National Hospital, reviewing the medical records of patients whose diagnosis was cervical cancer after having had had the three diagnostic methods previously described from June 2008 to June 2013. Results: These studies studied 123 patients, twenty of these had epidermoid carcinoma, and these patients were from 40 to 55 years old. About conization indicated, 17.6 % had cytology-histology dissociation. Conclusion: The sensibility was 42.3%, the specifity was 93.8 % in cervix cancer which were diagnosed by Colposcopy Directed Biopsy...