RESUMO
Objective To explore the motor development and how it is influenced by gestational age and birth weight in children with autism,and provide evidence for the applications of motor development in the early diagnosis of autism. Methods A 1 ∶ 1 matched case-control study was conducted between 2012 and 2014. A total of 396 children under 5 years old with autism were enrolled in this study,their counterparts were healthy children 3 month younger/ older and with the same gender and residence. Guardians of partici-pants were investigated using self-designed childhood psychological and behavioral development and related factors questionnaire. EpiData 3. 0 software was used to establish the data base and SAS 9. 4 software was used for data analysis. Results 396 pairs were enrolled in this study which including 342 pairs of boys (86. 3%) and 54 pairs of girls(13. 7%),the gender ratio was 6. 33 ∶ 1; The average month age of case group was (39. 44±11. 99) months and (39. 96±12. 24) months for the control group. There was no signifi-cant difference observed in the distribution of birth weight(χ2=3. 888,P=0. 140) and gestational age specif-ic birth weight(χ2=0. 462,P=0. 794)between two groups. But the distribution of gestational age was signifi-cantly different(χ2=9. 476,P=0. 009) . Children with autism have significant delaying in motor develop-ment compared with healthy children at same age,which including head lifting(3. 50(1. 00) month),rolling (6. 00(3. 50)month),sitting(8. 00(2. 50)month),etc. Preterm birth could have an effect on head lifting, rolling and sitting in children with autism,and also was the risk factor of delaying occurrence of head lifting (OR=2. 911,95%CI=1. 491-5. 681);Small for gestational age( SGA) was also a risk factor of delaying in walking(OR=1. 703,95%CI=1. 053-2. 754). Conclusion Evident delaying of motor development is ob-served among children with autism. Both preterm and SGA are risk factors for delayed motor development. Thus,early recognization of abnormities in motor development should raise awareness among caregivers and children care workers and assist in early diagnosis of children with autism.
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Objective To explore the association between the infection of human cytomegalovirus(HCMV),herpes simplex virus typeⅠ(HSV-Ⅰ),HSV-Ⅱ,toxoplasma(TOX) and serum hepatitis B virus(HBV)these 5 pathogens and low body weight and pneumonia,and explore the clinical value of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examining newborns infected with pathogens.Methods Forty-six newborn infants with low weight and 66 newborn infants with pneumonia were selected.And 1 mL pripheral blood of every newborn infant was drawn.Classic phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol-protease digested,after neonatal serum extraction of DNA in peripheral blood through 2 pairs of pri-mers,the outer primer amplified larger DNA fragments and the inner primer amplified small fragments,in the amplified products.HCMV,HSV-Ⅰ,HSV-Ⅱ,TOX and HBV of the viral DNA in highly conservative district to design primer respectively and amplify its viral DNA,nested PCR was used to detect of these pathogens DNA in infants of low body weight and pneumonia,and to detect positive rate of infection.Screening for birth defects in infants in these virus infection.SPSS 10.0 software was used to analyze the relationship between infection of 5 pathogens.Results The infective rate of HCMV in 46 infants with low body quality was 91.3%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅰwas 8.7%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅱwas 15.2%,the infective rate of TOX was 8.7%,and the infective rate of HBV was 15.2%.Among 66 infants with pneumonia,the infective rate of HCMV was 83.3%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅰwas 6.1%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅱwas 16.7%,the infective rate of TOX was 6.1%,and the infective rate of HBV was 7.6%.The infective rate of HCMV was higher than that of other 4 pathogens,these infection rates were different statistically in these 5 kinds of pathogens(Pa=0).Conclusions Five kinds of pathogens both low pathosens screening is necessary newborns infants with low body weight and pneumonia,and for the early diagnosis and prevention of these pathogens.