Pasatiempo sin Humo: Propuesta de Programa educativo, contra el hábito de fumar en adolescentes / Smokeless hobby: Educational program proposal against smoking in adolescents

Introducción: El hábito de fumar se inicia y establece particularmente en la adolescencia y la juventud. Los efectos nocivos sobre la cavidad bucal son variados y su conocimiento es importante para realizar acciones educativas. Objetivos: Identificar los comportamientos y conocimientos sobre el hábito de fumar en adolescentes del Preuniversitario José Martí Pérez, del municipio Habana Vieja, y diseñar un programa educativo. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, en 53 estudiantes. Las variables estudiadas fueron: sexo, tiempo de consumo, número de cigarrillos, razones por las que fuma. Se aplicó una encuesta. Resultados: El 90,5 por ciento de los estudiantes practicaba el hábito de fumar, 62,2 por ciento consumía de 5-10 cigarrillos diarios, 39,5 por ciento practicaba de 2-5 meses. Los principales motivos que los impulsaban eran compartir con amigos en las fiestas(22,9 por ciento) y porque les gusta y les satisface(20,8 por ciento). El 85,4 por ciento desconocía el efecto sobre las encías y 68,7 por ciento no sabía que causa lesiones premalignas. Más de 50 por ciento desconocía otros efectos nocivos sobre la salud bucal. Se diseñó un programa educativo. Conclusiones: La mayoría de la población estudiada practica el hábito de fumar. Predomina el sexo masculino, el consumo de 5-10 cigarrillos diarios, y llevar fumando de 2-6 meses. Prevalecen como motivos, el compartir con amigos en las fiestas, y porque les gusta y satisface. Impera el desconocimiento del efecto perjudicial sobre la salud bucal. El programa educativo diseñado debe elevar los conocimientos sobre los efectos dañinos del cigarro y lograr el abandono del hábito(AU)

Introduction: The habit of smoking begins and it settles down in early stages of the life, particularly during adolescence and youth. The effects on the oral cavity are diverse and their knowledge is important to carry out educational actions. Objectives: To identify the behaviors and the knowledge of the habit of smoking in the adolescents of the Pre-university School Jose Marti Perez, of Old Havana municipality, and to design an educational program. Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 53 students. The studied variables were: sex, time of consumption, number of cigarettes, reasons for smoke. The information was obtained by means of the application of a survey. Results: 90,5 percent of the studied population practices the habit of smoking, 62,2 percent consumes 5-10 cigarettes daily, 39,5 percent being smoking between 2 and 5 months. The reasons that encourage them to begin in the tobaccoism were: to share with friends in the parties (22, 9 percent), and because they like it and it satisfies them (20,8 percent); while 85,4 percent ignored the effect on the gums and 68,7 percent did not know that it causes premalignant lesions. More than 50 percent ignored the deleterious effects on oral health. An educational program was designed. Conclusions: Most of the studied population practices the habit of smoking. The masculine sex, the daily consumption between 5 to 10 cigarettes and being smoking between 2 and 6 months predominate. The prevalent reasons for smoking are: sharing with friends in the parties; and they like and it satisfies them. The ignorance of the harmful effect on the oral health prevail. The designed educative program should increase the knowledge about the deleterious effects of smoking and promote the abandon of the habit(AU)

Alterações bucais causadas pelo uso de próteses removíveis - levantamento epidemiológico dos casos encontrados em um serviço de diagnóstico histopatológico do sul do Brasil / Oral diseases caused by the use of removable dentures - epidemiological survey of cases found in a Histopathological diagnosis service of southern Brazil

O uso de próteses dentárias removíveis possibilita a reabilitação funcional e estética dos pacientes. No entanto, tais próteses precisam ser confeccionadas adequadamente para que não venham causar lesões na cavidade bucal, como por exemplo: hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória, candidose, granuloma piogênico, mucocele, e fibroma ossificante periférico. Tais lesões são agravadas pela presença de higienização inadequada e uso incorreto da prótese, os quais poderiam ser evitados se após sua instalação o profissional orientasse o paciente quanto às técnicas de limpeza e o acompanhasse periodicamente. Objetivo: assim, o objetivo da presente pesquisa é realizar um estudo epidemiológico observacional transversal, tendo como amostra 126 requisições de exames histopatológicos registradas no Laboratório de Diagnóstico Histopatológico do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da UPF no período de 1990 a 2011. Material e métodos: de tais requisições foram coletados dados referentes ao paciente, à prótese e à cavidade bucal, os quais foram tabulados e analisados por estatística descritiva de frequência. Resultados: Das 126 lesões registradas, notou-se serem mais frequentes as hiperplasias fibrosas inflamatórias presentes em fundo de sulco, no gênero feminino, em pacientes leucodermas entre 51 e 70 anos de idade. Conclusão: assim, conclui-se que próteses dentárias removíveis mal planejadas e seu uso inadequado são capazes de de gerar lesões na cavidade bucal...

The use of removable dentures allows for functional and esthetic rehabilitation of patients. However, such prostheses need to be prepared properly for that may not cause lesions in the oral cavity, such as: inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, candidosis, pyogenic ranuloma, mucocele, and peripheral ossifying fibroma. Such injuriesare aggravated by the presence of inadequate cleaning and incorrect use of the prosthesis, which could be avoided if after installation professional to orient the patient and cleaning techniques and accompany periodically. Objective: the objective of this research is to conduct across-sectional observational epidemiological study with a sample of 126 requests histopathology recorded in Diagnostic Histopathology Laboratory of the Institute of Biological Sciences at UPF in the period 1990-2011. Methods the data relating to the patient, the prosthesis and the oral cavity were collected, tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency. Results: out of the 126 injuries recorded was noted to be more frequent inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia present inthe bottom of the groove, in females, in Caucasian patients between 51 and 70 years of age. Conclusion: thus, it is concluded that poorly planned removable dentures and their inappropriate use can generate lesions in the oral cavity...

Effect of the parasitic isopod, Catoessa boscii (Isopoda, Cymothoidae), a buccal cavity parasite of the marine fish, Carangoides malabaricus

Objective: To examine the effect of isopod parasite Catoessa boscii (C. boscii) on Carangoides malabaricus (C. malabaricus). Methods:The host fish C. malabaricus infested by C. boscii were collected directly from the trawlers landed at Parangipettai coast during December 2008 to November 2009. Data regarding the total length, width, weight and sex of the host fish were recorded. Effect of infestation on C. malabaricus, the length and weight data were analysed and host specificity of isopods was also examined. Results:During the sampling period, 585 C. malabaricus were examined. Among them, 218 specimens were found to carry 243 parasites. Three pairs of isopods (one male with one female) were recorded from the host fish and each pair was attached to the tongue in the buccal cavity of the host. Another pair was also found where the male and male, female and female isopod had settled on the tongue in the buccal cavity. Gross lesions observed in the buccal cavity of infested fish showed small pin-holes in the tongue region, through which dactyls of pereopod’s penetrating claws dig into the host tissues. The maximum weight loss was reported in females (5.43%) than in males (3.75%) of C. malabaricus. Due to infestation of different isopod parasites in both male and female fish, the effects on the length-weight relationship of C. malabaricus were compared. The rate of increased growth in weight in uninfested female fish was found to be higher than that of the infested. The weight gain is faster in uninfested fish than in the infested fish. Conclusions:From the above mentioned observations, it is clear that the worst of fish on account of the infestation of isopods are the C. malabaricus succumbed to the attack of isopod parasites. Although, the infestation did not cause immediate death, it had affected the normal growth of the host fish.

Effect of the parasitic isopod, Catoessa boscii (Isopoda, Cymothoidae), a buccal cavity parasite of the marine fish, Carangoides malabaricus

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the effect of isopod parasite Catoessa boscii (C. boscii) on Carangoides malabaricus (C. malabaricus).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The host fish C. malabaricus infested by C. boscii were collected directly from the trawlers landed at Parangipettai coast during December 2008 to November 2009. Data regarding the total length, width, weight and sex of the host fish were recorded. Effect of infestation on C. malabaricus, the length and weight data were analysed and host specificity of isopods was also examined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the sampling period, 585 C. malabaricus were examined. Among them, 218 specimens were found to carry 243 parasites. Three pairs of isopods (one male with one female) were recorded from the host fish and each pair was attached to the tongue in the buccal cavity of the host. Another pair was also found where the male and male, female and female isopod had settled on the tongue in the buccal cavity. Gross lesions observed in the buccal cavity of infested fish showed small pin-holes in the tongue region, through which dactyls of pereopod's penetrating claws dig into the host tissues. The maximum weight loss was reported in females (5.43%) than in males (3.75%) of C. malabaricus. Due to infestation of different isopod parasites in both male and female fish, the effects on the length-weight relationship of C. malabaricus were compared. The rate of increased growth in weight in uninfested female fish was found to be higher than that of the infested. The weight gain is faster in uninfested fish than in the infested fish.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>From the above mentioned observations, it is clear that the worst of fish on account of the infestation of isopods are the C. malabaricus succumbed to the attack of isopod parasites. Although, the infestation did not cause immediate death, it had affected the normal growth of the host fish.</p>

Tratamento e proservação de nove meses em um paciente com granuloma piogênico: relato de caso / A 9-month treatment and proservation in a patient with pyogenic granuloma: case report

O granuloma piogênico é uma lesão caracterizada pelo aumento volumétrico nodular do tecido conjuntivo e é de grande ocorrência na cavidade bucal. Apesar de se assemelhar a um tumor, é de natureza não-neoplásica benigna. Sua etiologia exata é desconhecida e pode estar associada a pequenos traumas e irritações na superfície, tendendo essa lesão a aparecer com mais frequência na gengiva e em mulheres. O granuloma piogênico tem como principais características a ausência de dor e o sangramento à mínima injúria. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar por um período de nove meses um paciente de 65 anos que passou por excisão de um granuloma piogênico, observando sua reabilitação oral e uma possível recidiva da lesão, a qual não foi notada durante esse período. Além dessa avaliação, procurou-se descrever as principais características clínicas e histopatológicas dessa lesão.

The pyogenic granuloma is a lesion characterized by a nodular volumetric increasing of the connective tissue, pretty like a tumor, however, of a non-neoplasic benign nature and large occurrence in the oral cavity, which the exact cause is unknown, possibly being associated with small traumas and surface irritation, appearing with more frequency in the gum and in women, and its main characteristics are the pain absence and bleeding to minimal injury. The objective of this article was to evaluate for a 9-month period a 65 year-old patient that perceived an excision of his granuloma, observing his oral rehabilitation and possible recurrence of the lesion, which was not noticed during this period, besides describing its main clinical and histopathologic characteristics.

Lesão reativa hiperproliferativa: relato de caso clínico / Lesion reative of big proliferative: report of clinical case

O granuloma piogênico é uma reativa e hiperproliferativa relativamente comum na mucosa bucal. Apresenta etiologia associada a fatores irritantes, acometendo geralmente o periodonto, porém, há relatos de aparecimento dessa lesão na mucosa jugal, lábio e assoalho bucal. Seu diagnóstico diferencial é dado com o hemangioma, lesão periférica de células gigantes e, em alguns casos, com lesões malígnas. O tratamento proposto é a remoção do fator etiológico, acompanhado da excisão cirúrgica e a análise histopatológica para confirmação do diagnóstico. Frente a isto, o presente trabalho se propõe descrever e analisar, com base na literatura o caso clínico de um paciente, no qual foi diagnosticado um granuloma piogênico de características peculiares.

The pyogenic granuloma is a lesion it reactivates and big proliferative relatively common in the buccal mucous membrane. He presents aetiology associated to you factor irritating, usually attacking the periodonto, however there are reports of emergence of that lesion in the mucous menbrane jugal, lip and buccal floor. Your diagnosis diferencial is given with the hemangioma, cells giant's outlying lesion and, in some cases, with evil lesions. The proposed treatment is the removal of the factor cause, accompanied of the surgical retreat and analysis histopathologic for confirmation of the diagnosis. Front to this, the present work if he intends to describe and to analyze, with base in the literature, a patient's clinical case, in which a pyogenic granuloma of peculiar characterístics was diagnosed.