Screening of active fractions of Jiegu ointment for promoting fracture healing in New Zealand rabbits / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To screen the active site of Jiegu ointment in promoting fracture healing in New Zealand rabbits. METHODS The ethanol extract of Jiegu ointment， as well as the ethyl acetate and n-butanol parts， were prepared and mixed with honey to form a plaster with appropriate viscosity. The radial fracture model of left forelimb in New Zealand rabbit was established and divided into model control group， ethanol extract group， ethyl acetate fraction group and n-butanol fraction group， with 6 rabbits in each group. Except for model control group， rabbits of all other groups were treated with corresponding polar part of Jiegu ointment for external application， for 4 weeks. The radial fracture healing of rabbits was studied by X-ray examination. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the serum levels of interleukin-6 （IL-6）， tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α）， osteocalcin （OC）， vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGFA）， basic fibroblast growth factor 2 （bFGF2） and alkaline phosphatase （ALP）. HE staining was adopted to observe the changes of pathological morphology of rabbit fracture site， and immunohistochemical method was used to detect the protein expression of bFGF2 in fracture site of rabbits. RESULTS The healing speed of the fracture site in the n-butanol fraction group was the fastest， followed by ethanol extract group， and the ethyl acetate fraction group was the slowest； the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in n-butanol fraction group decreased the fastest， while the levels of ALP， bFGF2， OC and VEGFA increased the fastest [significant increase compared with ethanol extract group （P＜0.01）]； the chondrocytes at the fracture fraction completely disappeared， forming a large number of bone marrow cavities， and the bone trabeculae in the bone marrow cavity were officially formed. The expression level of bFGF2 was also higher than ethanol extract group. CONCLUSIONS The effect of n-butanol fraction on promoting fracture healing is more significant than ethyl acetate fraction and ethanol extract， and n-butanol fraction is the active fraction of Jiegu ointment to promote fracture healing.

Analysis and Identification of Chemical Constituents in Hypoglycemic Effective Fractions of Longan Folium Based on UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:Chemical constituents in hypoglycemic effective fractions of Longan Folium were isolated and identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS） to clarify the hypoglycemic substance basis of Longan Folium. Method:Chemical constituents in hypoglycemic effective fractions of Longan Folium were isolated on a Thermo Hypersil GOLD C₁₈ column （2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.9 μm）， the mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution and 0.1% formic acid solution （containing and 10 mmol ammonium acetate） for gradient elution. HRMS was operated in the positive and negative ion modes with the scanning range of <italic>m</italic>/<italic>z</italic> 100-1 500. Result:The secondary fragment ion information of target compounds was selected and compared with the compounds reported in the databases and related literature to further confirm these compounds. Nine compounds were identified in the ethanol fraction of Longan Folium， including cynaroside， kaempferol， quercitrin， luteolin， shikimic acid， citric acid， <italic>L</italic>-tyrosine， adenosine and nicotinamide. A total of 11 compounds were determined in the ethyl acetate fraction （cynaroside， quercitrin， kaempferol， luteolin， shikimic acid， gallic acid， protocatechuic acid， adenosine， nicotinamide， <italic>L</italic>-phenylalanine and scopoletin）， and 10 compounds were identified in the <italic>n</italic>-butanol fraction （cynaroside， kaempferol-3-<italic>O</italic>-rutinoside， kaempferol， astragalin， luteolin， citric acid， gallic acid， adenosine， nicotinamide and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural）. And five common compounds were identified in these three hypoglycemic effective fractions. Conclusion:The established UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS can quickly identify chemical constituents in three hypoglycemic effective fractions of Longan Folium， their main chemical constituents are flavonoids and their glycosides， organic acids and nitrogen-containing compounds， which provides technical support and scientific evidence for the study on pharmacodynamic material basis and quality control of Longan Folium.

Antidepressant Effect of n-Butyl Alcohol Extracts from Xiaoyaosan via IGF-1Rβ/PI3K/Akt Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the intervention effect of <italic>n</italic>-butyl alcohol extracts from Xiaoyaosan against depression-like behavior induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS） in model mice and the role of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor <italic>β</italic> （IGF-1R<italic>β</italic>）/phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway in such intervention. Method:The effective dose of n-butyl alcohol extracts from Xiaoyaosan was preliminarily determined in model mice with behavioral despair. Then the male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the blank group， model group， fluoxetine group， Xiaoyaosan group， and the low- （20 g·kg^-1） and high-dose （40 g·kg^-1） <italic>n</italic>-butyl alcohol extract groups. The mice in all groups except for the blank group were exposed to CUMS for inducing the depression-like behavior， which was judged by the sucrose preference test （SPT）. The successfully modeled mice in the medication groups were intragastrically administered with the corresponding drugs， whereas those in the blank and model groups were treated with an equal volume of solvent for five successive weeks. Following the SPT， tail suspension test （TST）， and novelty suppressed feeding test （NSFT） at the end of the fifth week， the insulin-like growth factor-1 （IGF-1） levels in mouse serum and hippocampus were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The average optical density （<italic>IA</italic>） of Nissl bodies in mouse hippocampal CA3 region was detected by toluidine blue staining. The 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine （Brdu） and doublecortin （DCX） expression in the dentate gyrus （DG） was assayed using immunofluorescence method. The protein expression levels of IGF-1R<italic>β</italic>， PI3K， phosphorylated-PI3K （p-PI3K）， Akt， p-Akt， cysteine aspartic acid-specific protease 3 （Caspase-3）， and cleaved Caspase-3 in the hippocampus were determined by Western blot. Result:The results of forced swimming test and TST showed that n-butyl alcohol extracts from Xiaoyaosan at 9.1 and 40 g·kg^-1 both significantly shortened the immobility time of mice （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， indicating that the effective dose ranged from 9.1-40 g·kg^-1. Compared with the model control， the n-butyl alcohol extracts from Xiaoyaosan at 20 and 40 g·kg^-1 significantly increased the sucrose preference percentage （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， shortened the immobility time in TST （<italic>P</italic><0.01） and the feeding latency in NSFT （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， reversed the down-regulated IGF-1 content in mouse serum and hippocampus （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， increased the AOD of Nissl bodies in the hippocampal CA3 region （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， promoted the expression of Brdu and DCX in DG （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， and down-regulated the protein expression levels of IGF-1R<italic>β</italic> （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， p-PI3K/PI3K （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， p-Akt/Akt （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， and cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase-3 in the hippocampus of CUMS mice. Conclusion:The n-butyl alcohol extracts from Xiaoyaosan are equivalent to Xiaoyaosan in inhibiting expression. They alleviate the depression-like behavior in CUMS mice， induce the production of Nissl bodies in hippocampal CA3 region， enhance neuronal proliferation and differentiation in DG， and facilitate neurogenesis. All these may be related to the inhibition of over-activated IGF-1R<italic>β</italic>/PI3K/Akt pathway and the reduction of neuronal apoptosis.

Anti-acetylcholinesterase Active Ingredients from Aconitum tanguticum by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To identify the anti-acetylcholinesterase active ingredients in <italic>Aconitum tanguticum</italic>， so as to lay the foundation for finding new anti-Alzheimer's disease （AD） drugs. Method:The anti-acetylcholinesterase active fractions of <italic>A. tanguticum</italic> were screened by the modified Ellman's method， and the chemical composition of the active fraction was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）. The chromatographic separation was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column （2.1 mm×50 mm， 1.7 μm） with acetonitrile （A）-0.4% ammonia aqueous solution （B） as mobile phase for gradient elution， and the column temperature was set at 30 ℃ with the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min^-1. Phase A of the dichloromethane fraction changed with time as follows：0-3 min， 5%A； 3-7 min， 5%-20%A； 7-11.5 min， 20%-33%A； 11.5-15.5 min， 33%-50%A； 15.5-20.5 min， 50%-80%A； 20.5-23 min， 80%-85%A； 23-25 min， 85%-95%A. Phase A of the <italic>n</italic>-butanol fraction changed with time as follows：0-2 min， 5%A； 2-8 min， 5%-20%A； 8-11 min， 20%-33%A； 11-15 min， 33%-95%A. Mass spectrometry was performed on electrospray ionization， data were collected in positive ion mode， and the detection range was <italic>m</italic>/<italic>z</italic> 100-1 500. Result:Both the dichloromethane and <italic>n</italic>-butanol fractions had a certain inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase， their half inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀） values were （64±4.4） mg·L^-1 and （85.7±3.8） mg·L^-1， respectively. By UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis， a total of 21 alkaloids were identified from the dichloromethane fraction， and 11 alkaloids were identified from <italic>n</italic>-butanol fraction. Guan-fu base Ⅰ， found in both fractions， was first discovered in <italic>A. tanguticum</italic>. Conclusion:Diterpene alkaloids are the main anti-acetylcholinesterase substances of <italic>A. tanguticum</italic>， which is worth further exploration.

Antimalarial activities of butanol and ethylacetate fractions of Combretum nigricans leaf

Objective: To evaluate the antimalarial activity of the ethylacetate and butanol fractions of Combretum nigricans (C. nigricans) leaf extract in mice. Methods: C. nigricans solvent (butanol and ethylacetate) fractions were screened for their phytochemical constituents using standard procedures illustrated by Harborne and Evans. The Peters' 4-day suppressive test against early malaria infection, Rane's curative test against established malaria and prophylactic test for residual activity were employed for evaluating the antimalarial potential in mice. Results: The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, and flavonoids in both fractions at different intensity. Both fractions exhibited significant antimalarial activity in all test models (P<0.05). The ethylacetate fraction of C. nigricans had better chemosuppressive and curative effects compared to the butanol fraction, which however, elicited a better chemoprophylactic effect. The chemosuppressive effect of C. nigricans ethylacetate fraction (200-800 mg/kg) was 77.6%, 69.1% and 86.1%; curative effect was 62.3%, 71.3% and 72.4%; while the chemoprophylactic activity was 32.1%, 48.6% and 61.2% respectively. C. nigricans butanol fraction (200-800 mg/kg) had 40.3%, 54.1% and 69.1% chemosuppression; 26.2%, 36.9% and 34.5% curative effect; and 48.4%, 70.0% and 87.4% chemoprophylaxis. Conclusions: Both solvent fractions of C. nigricans possess antimalarial activity, and may be useful at different stages of malaria therapy.

Antimalarial activities of butanol and ethylacetate fractions of Combretum nigricans leaf

Objective: To evaluate the antimalarial activity of the ethylacetate and butanol fractions of Combretum nigricans (C. nigricans) leaf extract in mice.Methods: C. nigricans solvent (butanol and ethylacetate) fractions were screened for their phytochemical constituents using standard procedures illustrated by Harborne and Evans.The Peters' 4-day suppressive test against early malaria infection, Rane's curative test against established malaria and prophylactic test for residual activity were employed for evaluating the antimalarial potential in mice.Results: The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins,and flavonoids in both fractions at different intensity. Both fractions exhibited significant antimalarial activity in all test models (P<0.05). The ethylacetate fraction of C. nigricans had better chemosuppressive and curative effects compared to the butanol fraction, which however,elicited a better chemoprophylactic effect. The chemosuppressive effect of C. nigricans ethylacetate fraction (200-800 mg/kg) was 77.6％, 69.1％ and 86.1％; curative effect was 62.3％, 71.3％ and 72.4％; while the chemoprophylactic activity was 32.1％, 48.6％ and 61.2％ respectively. C. nigricans butanol fraction (200-800 mg/kg) had 40.3％, 54.1％ and 69.1％ chemosuppression; 26.2％, 36.9％ and 34.5％ curative effect; and 48.4％, 70.0％ and 87.4％ chemoprophylaxis.Conclusions: Both solvent fractions of C. nigricans possess antimalarial activity, and may be useful at different stages of malaria therapy.

Study on exosite inhibitor of cathepsin K from Herba Ecliptae fractions / 药学学报

Cathepsin K (CTSK) is considered a critical pharmaceutical target in the treatment of osteoporosis. CTSK exerts proteolytic activities against regulatory proteins besides its collagenase function, which may account for some of the adverse reactions when blocked by active site-directed inhibitors. Exosite inhibitors that can discriminate between the therapeutic collagenase and other biological activities of CTSK specifically inhibit the collagenase activity of CTSK without interfering with the other proteolytic activities of the protease. Active recombinant CTSK was expressed in Pichia pastoris, and purified by n-butyl sepharose and SP sepharose column chromatography. Herba Ecliptae is a common traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of bone diseases. Collagenase assay and benzyloxycarbonyl-Phe-Arg-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (Z-FR-MCA) substrate assay based on CTSK are applied to verify the exosite inhibitors. n-Butanol extract of Herba Ecliptae are the most active fraction and eclalbasaponin IX isolated from n-butanol fraction is the potential exosite inhibitor of CTSK.

Inhibitory Activity of Cordyceps bassiana Extract on LPS-induced Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Cells by Suppressing NF-κB Activation

Cordyceps bassiana has long been used as an oriental medicine and reported to possess diverse biological activities. The fruiting bodies of Cordyceps bassiana was extracted with ethanol and then further fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water. The butanol fraction from Cordyceps bassiana (CBBF) exhibited the most effective in anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 macrophages and the roles of CBBF on the anti-inflammation cascade in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were studied. To investigate the mechanism by which CBBF inhibits NO, iNOS and COX-2, the activation of IκB and MAPKs in LPS-activated macrophage were examined. Our present results demonstrated that CBBF inhibits NO production and iNOS expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and these effects were mediated through the inhibition of IκB-α, JNK and p38 phosphorylation. Also, CBBF suppressed activation of MAPKs including p38 and SAPK/JNK. Furthermore, CBBF significantly suppressed LPS-induced intracellular ROS generation. Its inhibition on iNOS expression, together with its antioxidant activity, may support its anti-inflammatory activity. Thus Cordyceps bassiana can be used as a useful medicinal food or drug for further studies.

Chemical constituents of n-butanol fraction from stems of Schisandra chinensis / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of n-butanol fraction from the stems of Schisandra chinensis. Methods: The constituents were separated and purified by chromatographic technology, which structures were elucidated by physicochemical constants and spectral data analyses. Results: Fourteen chemical constituents were isolated from the n-butanol extract in the stems of S. chinensis, and the structures were identified as quercertin (1), quercertin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), quercetin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (3), rutin (4), apigenin (5), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), genistein-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), chlorogenic acid (9), ferulaic acid (10), caffeic acid (11), oleanolic acid (12), (+)-catechin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (13), and daucosterol (14). Conclusion: The compounds 3, 7, 8, and 13 are obtained from this plant for the first time.

CHOLERETIC EFFECT OF THE EXTRACT FROM CALENDULA OFFICINALIS / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

Choleretic activity of Calendula officinalis extract and its butanol fraction was studied and the results are presented in the given paper. It has been established that the choleretic effect of the extract from this plant is due to biologically active substances predominantly contained in its butanol fraction.Key words: extract of Calendula officinalis, butanol fraction, choleretic effect.Introduction The use of medicinal plants both wild-growing and cultivated ones for the correction of impaired functions of the human body remains topical. The plants are the optimal source of cholagogues as they are harmless or low-toxic and have no side effects in long-term use [1]. Particularly, Calendula officinalis L. (Compositae) is of great interest. It is an annual grassy plant cultivated in many regions of Russia.The aim of the present work was to determine choleretic activity of the extract from Calendula officinalis and its butanol fraction.Materials and methodsThe dry extract was derived from Calendula flowers by extraction with 60% alcohol. The study of butanol fraction (BF) composition of the given extract was carried out with the use of microcolumn RP-HPLC-UV [2, 3]. The obtained fraction yield was 35-40% of the total dry extract mass.Experiments were carried out on white male Wistar rats weighing 170-200g. The bile was obtained from rats under thiopental sodium narcosis in accordance with the standard method (40 mg/kg of the weight, intraperitoneally). The bile was collected every hour for 4 hours. The power of choleretic activity of the obtained extract was estimated according to the secretion rate and total amount of the bile secreted as well as according to the content of the main ingredients in the bile, namely bilirubin [4], bile acids and officinalis was introduced into duodenum of experimental animals at three doses: 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of the rat weight and the butanol fraction – at the dose of 50 mg/kg. The animals of the control group received purified water in the same volume. The significance of differences between parameters across the groups was estimated with the use of U distribution-free test by Mann-Whitney.ResultsThe data obtained are given in Table 1-2. The introduction of the Calendula dry extract to the rats at the dose of 50 mg/kg increases the bile secretion rate by 16% and in the next hours of the experiment – by 37.5 and 44%. The increase of the dose up to 100 mg/kg induced more marked stimulation of choleretic reaction in rats. The bile secretion rate increased by 28, 35 and 44% in 2-4 hours of the experiment respectively followed by the 35% increase of the total volume of secreted bile. When the extract was administered at the dose of 200 mg/kg the bile secretion rate exceeded the control data by 33 and 36%. Under the influence of the Calendula extract the choleretic reaction lasted during the whole period of the experiment. Besides, the Calendula extract at the given doses influenced the stimulation of synthesis and excretion of cholates with bile that was more marked at the dose of 100 mg/kg. The introduction of the butanol fraction in the given dose increased the bile secretion rate by 27, 47 and 44% respectively in 1-3 hours after the administration; the total volume of secreted bile was 39% increased. The sum concentration of bile acids in the bile exceeded this index in rats of the control group by 16%. The cholesterol content in the bile exceeded the given index in animals of the control group by 55%.

Effect of Elaeagnus pungens leaves on contraction of isolated guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the effect of n-butanol fraction from Elaeagnus pungens leaves (BFEP) on the contraction of isolated guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle under the basal tonus or spasmogens. Methods: Guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle spiral strips were isolated. Under the normal state or the condition treated with acetylchohne (Ach), histamine (Hist), or KCl, Ca2+ release in cells without calcium, and extracellular Ca2+ influx at the high concentration of Ca2+, the effect of BFEP on the tension of isolated trachea was observed. Results: BFEP relaxed the tracheal strip significantly in the concentration-dependent manner under the basal tonus. The tested drug produced an unparallel rightward shift of the cumulative concentration-response curve of Hist or Ach. The contraction induced by high K+ and extracellular Ca2+ influx was inhibited. Conclusion: BFEP could inhibit the contraction of isolated guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle under the basal tonus or spasmogens.

Antihyperglycemic Effect on Chronic Administration of Butanol Fraction of Ethanol Extract of Moringa Stenopetala Leaves in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Mice

Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity on chronic administration of the butanol fraction of the ethanol extract of Moringa Stenopetala leaves in alloxan induced diabetic mice. Methods: The mice were grouped in four groups; Normal control, Diabetic control, Butanol fraction treated and standard drug treated groups. The Diabetic mice received the butanol fraction of Moringa stenopetala daily for 28 days. Results: The butanol fraction of Moringastenopetala treatment resulted in significant reduction of fasting blood glucose level, serum total cholesterol and triglycerides level. This fraction also showed a tendency to improve body weight gain in diabetic mice. Its oral LD50 was found to be greater than 5000mg/Kg indicating its safety in mice. Conclusions: Though the mechanism of action of Moringa stenopetala seems to be similar to that of sulfonylureas, further studies should be done to confirm its mechanism of antidiabetic action. Furthermore the active principle(s) responsible for the antidabetic effects should also be identified.

Cardiovascular activity of the n-butanol fraction of the methanol extract of Loranthus ferrugineus Roxb

We investigated the vascular responses and the blood pressure reducing effects of different fractions obtained from the methanol extract of Loranthus ferrugineus Roxb. (F. Loranthaceae). By means of solvent-solvent extraction, L. ferrugineus methanol extract (LFME) was successively fractionated with chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The ability of these LFME fractions to relax vascular smooth muscle against phenylephrine (PE)- and KCl-induced contractions in isolated rat aortic rings was determined. In another set of experiments, LFME fractions were tested for blood pressure lowering activity in anesthetized adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g, 14-18 weeks). The n-butanol fraction of LFME (NBF-LFME) produced a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of PE- and KCl-induced aortic ring contractions compared to other fractions. Moreover, NBF-LFME had a significantly higher relaxant effect against PE- than against high K+-induced contractions. In anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats, NBF-LFME significantly lowered blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner and with a relatively longer duration of action compared to the other fractions. HPLC, UV and IR spectra suggested the presence of terpenoid constituents in both LFME and NBF-LFME. Accordingly, we conclude that NBF-LFME is the most potent fraction producing a concentration-dependent relaxation in vascular smooth muscle in vitro and a dose-dependent blood pressure lowering activity in vivo. The cardiovascular effects of NBF-LFME are most likely attributable to its terpenoid content.

Effect of butanol fraction from Cassia tora L. seeds on glycemic control and insulin secretion in diabetic rats

Cassia tora L. seeds have previously been reported to reduce blood glucose level in human and animals with diabetes. In the present study, the effects of Cassia tora L. seed butanol fraction (CATO) were studied on postprandial glucose control and insulin secretion from the pancreas of the normal and diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by an i.p. injection of Streptozotocin (55 mg/kg BW) into the male Sprague-Dawley rats. The postprandial glucose control was monitored during a 240 min-period using a maltose loading test. In normal rats, rats fed CATO (20 mg/100 g BW/d) showed lower postprandial glucose levels in all the levels from 30 min up to 180 min than those in the control rats without CATO (p<0.05). In diabetic rats, those levels in the CATO group seemed to be lower during the 30~180 min, but only glucose level at 30 min showed significant difference compared to that in the control group. Moreover, CATO delayed the peak time of the glucose rise in both normal and diabetic rats in the glucose curves. On the other hand, when CATO was administered orally to the diabetic rats for 5 days, 12 hr fasting serum glucose level was decreased in the diabetic rats (p<0.05). Degree of a decrease in 12 hr fasting serum insulin levels was significantly less in the diabetic CATO rats as compared to diabetic control rats. On the last day of feeding, beta cells of the pancreas were stimulated by 200 mg/dL glucose through a 40 min-pancreas perfusion. Amounts of the insulin secreted from the pancreas during the first phase (11~20 min) and the second phase (21~40 min) in the CATO fed diabetic rats were significantly greater than those in the diabetic control group (p<0.05). These findings indicated that constituents of Cassia tora L. seeds have beneficial effect on postprandial blood glucose control which may be partially mediated by stimulated insulin secretion from the pancreas of the diabetic rats.