Perceptions of undergraduate medical students of old traditional and new CBME curriculum about pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reactions reporting at a tertiary care teaching hospital: a comparative study

Background: National pharmacovigilance program is an ongoing program to monitor the adverse drug reactions and reporting at the earliest. The effectiveness and success of any pharmacovigilance system depends highly on the participation of all health care professionals. As medical students are future health-care givers, this study is aimed to measure perceptions on Pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting among medical students of two different curriculum. Methods: A validated and standardized KAP Questionnaire based cross sectional study. It consists of 22 questions divided into four sections of total of 22 items (six related to Personal details, eight related to knowledge, four related to attitude, and four related to practice) The filled questionnaires were collected and analyzed by MS excel Results: A comparative sample of 100 from old (phase 4) and 100 from New CBME (phase 3) curriculum undergraduate medical students of Government Medical College are included in our study. The average score of phase 3 and phase 4 medical students for knowledge was 85.37% and 75.87%, for attitude was 95.5% and 84% and for practices was 88.75% and 67.5% respectively. Conclusions: The overall knowledge, attitude and practices of new curriculum students found to be better than old curriculum students as CBME curriculum was introduced from the academic year 2019–2020 in all Medical Institutions of India to impart knowledge, communication and leadership skills using various teaching–learning methods among students.

A study of teaching module on subcutaneous drug administration and communication skills in pharmacology according to competency-based medical education curriculum

Background: Theory lectures in pharmacology are covering various oral and parenteral routes of drug administration, mainly focusing on knowledge domain, but soft and psychomotor skills were less taught in undergraduate students. Demonstrating correct method of subcutaneous route of drug administration and communication skills as introduced by competency-based medical education (CBME) competency-based curriculum will help in early acquisition of the skills and minimize the errors in administration in insulin, heparin, and vaccines. Aim and Objectives: The aims of this study were to teach the subcutaneous drug administration (S/C) and communication skills to undergraduate students in pharmacology and to evaluate the perception of students and teachers toward new CBME curriculum. Materials and Methods: Correct technique of subcutaneous drug administration was demonstrated on mannequins after browsing through the videos of S/C route. Students were told to perform it independently on mannequins. Perception of students and staff members were collected with pre-validated questionnaire provided after the practical teaching hours. Results: In our study, majority of students (94%) felt that learning S/C route of drug administration correctly will help in managing various patients like administration of insulin in diabetic patients in their near future days. They were well advanced in communicating with patients regarding usage of medications and were (90%) also in favor of introduction of this experiment in UG curriculum. Conclusions: Our study concluded that subcutaneous teaching technique introduced by CBME curriculum in practical classes was well accepted by students and were more confident in soft skills and psychomotor skills at the end of the study.

A questionnaire based study to assess knowledge, attitude and practice, of pharmacovigilance among exam going second year undergraduate, medical students in a South Indian teaching hospital

Background: Pharmacovigilance not only helps in the early detection of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) but also, facilitates the identification of both, risk factors and the underlying mechanism. To increase the reporting rate, it is, essential to improve the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of healthcare professionals regarding ADR reporting, and pharmacovigilance, especially during undergraduate and postgraduate education. The objective of this study was, to assess the KAP about pharmacovigilance among exam-going second-year undergraduate medical students., Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 150 exam-going second-year, undergraduate students from Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore from April 2022 to June 2022. A, validated questionnaire consisting of 22 questions divided into 3 sections; knowledge, attitude, and practice was used., Statistical analysis of data was done using an MS excel spreadsheet., Results: Out of the 150 participants 133 had good knowledge about ADR and pharmacovigilance. Majority of the, students agreed that reporting of ADRs is necessary (95.3%), mandatory (95.3%), and should be included in, pharmacology practicals (94.7%). Only 29.3% of the students had witnessed an ADR and none of the participants had, ever reported an ADR indicating poor practice among the undergraduate students., Conclusions: Students had good knowledge and positive attitude towards ADR reporting and pharmacovigilance., Practice regarding pharmacovigilance was found to be poor, indicating the need for training the undergraduate students, in ADR reporting by including ADR recognition and reporting as a part of clinical posting curriculum.

A study of teaching module on intramuscular drug administration and communication skills in pharmacology according to CBME curriculum

Background: Theory classes in pharmacology are taking care of teaching of various oral and parenteral routes of drug administration, mainly focusing on knowledge domain but soft and psychomotor skills are under taught or deficient in undergraduate students. Demonstrating correct method of intramuscular route of drug administration and communication skills as introduced by competency based medical education (CBME) competency-based curriculum, will help in early acquisition of the skills and minimize the errors in administration. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study is to teach the IM drug administration and communication skills to undergraduate students in pharmacology and to evaluate the perception of students and teachers toward new CBME curriculum. Materials and Methods: Correct technique of intramuscular drug administration was demonstrated on mannequins after going through the videos of IM. Students were told to perform it independently on mannequins. Perception of students and staff members were collected with pre-validated questionnaire provided after the practical teaching hour. Results: In our study, the majority of students (96%) felt that learning IM route of drug administration correctly will help in managing the patients in their near future days. They were well advanced in communicating with patients regarding usage of medications and were (86%) also in favor of introduction of this experiment in UG curriculum. Conclusions: Our study concluded that IM teaching technique introduced by CBME curriculum in practical classes was well accepted by students and were more confident in soft skills and psychomotor skills at the end of the study.