J-shaped association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset hypertension: a nationwide cohort study in China / 医学前沿

We aimed to investigate the relationship of dietary zinc intake with new-onset hypertension among Chinese adults. A total of 12,177 participants who were free of hypertension at baseline from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were included. Dietary intake was assessed by three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory. Participants with systolic blood pressure ≽ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≽ 90 mmHg or diagnosed by a physician or under antihypertensive treatment during the follow-up were defined as having new-onset hypertension. During a median follow-up duration of 6.1 years, 4269 participants developed new-onset hypertension. Overall, the association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset hypertension followed a J-shape (P for non-linearity < 0.001). The risk of new-onset hypertension significantly decreased with the increment of dietary zinc intake (per mg/day: hazard ratio (HR) 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.98) in participants with zinc intake < 10.9 mg/day, and increased with the increment of zinc intake (per mg/day: HR 1.14; 95% CI 1.11-1.16) in participants with zinc intake ≽ 10.9 mg/day. In conclusion, there was a J-shaped association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset hypertension in general Chinese adults, with an inflection point at about 10.9 mg/day.

Association between obesity indicators and hyperuricemia in Chinese adults / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective The study aims to find a suitable obesity index for predicting hyperuricemia (HUA)in Chinese adults. Methods The obesity indexes of 8133 subjects in China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2009 were calculated, and the basic situation of them was analyzed descriptively. χ2 test and t test were used to test the differences of categorical variables and continuous variables between the HUA group and the non-HUA group. The area under the curve (AUC) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the predictive value of these indices for HUA. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between obesity and HUA. Results Demographic covariates, prevalence and Body Mass Index (BMI) all have impacts on the prevalence of HUA. Obesity indexes have a good predictive effect on HUA, and the Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) is the best (AUC=0.77 (95% CI [0.75, 0.78]). Obesity indexes all have a significant correlation with HUA. When covariates were not adjusted, LAP had the highest OR value (OR=5.87, 95% CI [5.08, 6.77]). Conclusion LAP index is significantly related to HUA, and it can be used as an emerging index to assess the prevalence of HUA in Chinese adults.

Association between dietary quality and perceived stress based on the CHNS database / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To explore the association between dietary quality and perceived stress among adult Chinese. Methods The China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was used to investigate the association between dietary quality and perceived stress in Chinese adults. The Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS) was used to assess the perceived stress in Chinese adults. Binary logistic regression models were utilized to explore the relationship between diet quality and perceived stress. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were utilized to clarify the dose response relationship between diet quality and perceived stress. Results Binary logistic regression models revealed that adults with CHEI score ranged from P25 to P50 and higher than P75 had 15.1% (OR=0.849，95%CI：0.738-0.977) and 23.0% (OR=0.770，95%CI：0.666-0.891) reduced risk of high perceived stress after multivariable adjustment when compared with adults with CHEI score less than P25. RCS results showed that the OR value of high perceived stress risk decreased gradually with increasing CHEI score in the overall population, but this association was not statistically significant in adults with lower CHEI score. Conclusion High dietary quality is associated with a reduced risk of high perceived stress. This study provides a theoretical reference for the health effects of high dietary quality on high perceived stress risk reduction.

The relationship between smoking and hyperuricemia in Chinese residents / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To explore the relationship between smoking and hyperuricemia in Chinese residents.@*Methods@#Based on data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), residents with blood samples provided in the 2009 round (including information of socio-demographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, medical history, and laboratory examinations etc.) were selected as the participants in the current analysis. Unconditional logistic regression models were utilized to compute the ORs and corresponding 95%CIs for assessing the relationship between smoking and hyperuricemia.@*Results@#Among the 8 785 subjects, 1 435 had hyperuricemia with a prevalence rate of 16.3%, consisting of 886 men and 549 women with prevalence rates of 21.6% (886/4 110) and 11.7% (549/4 675) , respectively. Compared with never smokers, the adjusted OR (95%CI) for hyperuricemia was 0.83 (0.70-0.98) among current smokers, 0.77 (0.63-0.94) among current smokers with 20-39 years of smoking, and 0.79 (0.65-0.97) among current smokers with 11-20 cigarettes per day. When stratified by gender and compared with non-smoker, the adjusted OR (95%CI) for hyperuricemia among current smokers compared with never smokers was 0.83 (0.70-0.98) among men, while no significant association was found in female current smokers (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.42-1.26, P=0.260).@*Conclusion@#In Chinese residents, there is an inverse association between smoking and hyperuricemia prevalence, and this association may be related to duration and intensity of smoking among current smokers. The findings need to be validated in large prospective cohort studies.