Narratives of Indigenous University Students in Bogotá about the Indigenous Human Life Process, 2021 / Narrativas de estudiantes universitarios indígenas en Bogotá (Colombia) sobre el proceso vital humano indígena, 2021 / Narrativas de estudantes universitários indígenas em Bogotá sobre o processo de vida humana indígena, 2021

Introduction: In Colombia, a majority of the indigenous peoples are at risk of physical and cultural extinc-tion. In addition, the lack of studies related to analyzing their own narratives about the issues surround-ing indigenous health is telling. This absence results in difficulties of analysis and intervention culturally appropriate for indigenous problems. Thus, the objective was to unveil the narratives about the human life process in the indigenous peoples of Colombia constructed by indigenous migrant university students in Bogotá. Materials and methods: This research is qualitative, with a narrative approach, and is based on the hermeneutical­interpretive paradigm. Eight undergraduate students in Bogotá, between the ages of 18 and 40, belonging to the Kamentsá, Pastos, Pijao, Kankuamo, Nasa, and Misak peoples, were inter-viewed. Results: Life in harmony, anchored to the territory of origin, was identified as the key organizing concept for all understandings of health, illness, death, and care. Conclusions: Designing appropriate healthcare interventions aimed at indigenous people requires considering their own understandings of the human life process in an intrinsic relationship with the integral harmony between person, commu-nity, and territory

Introducción: En Colombia, la mayoría de los pueblos indígenas se encuentran en riesgo de extinción física y cultural. Además, existe una deficiencia de estudios relacionados con el análisis de narrativas propias sobre los asuntos que rodean la salud indígena. Tal ausencia deriva en las dificultades de análisis e intervención culturalmente apropiada a problemas indígenas. Así, se planteó como objetivo develar las narrativas sobre el proceso vital humano en pueblos indígenas de Colombia construidas por estudiantes universitarios indígenas migrantes en Bogotá. Materiales y métodos: esta investigación es cualitativa con enfoque narrativo y está basada en el paradigma hermenéutico-interpretativo. Se entrevistó a ocho estudiantes que cursan el pregrado en Bogotá, con edades entre 18 y 40 años, pertenecientes a los pueblos kamentsá, pastos, pijao, kankuamo, nasa y misak. Resultados: se identificó la vida en armonía, anclada al territorio de origen, como el concepto clave organizador de todas las comprensiones relativas a la salud, la enfermedad, la muerte y el cuidado. Conclusiones: el diseño de intervenciones sanitarias apropiadas dirigidas a indígenas requiere considerar sus propias comprensiones sobre el proceso vital humano, en relación intrínseca con la armonía integral entre persona, comunidad y territorio.

Introdução: na Colômbia, a maioria dos povos indígenas está em risco de extinção física e cultural. Além disso, faltam estudos relacionados à análise de narrativas sobre o processo de Vida Humana Indígena que partem de suas próprias perspectivas. Essa ausência é evidenciada nas dificuldades de analisar e implementar intervenções culturalmente adequadas aos problemas das comunidades indígenas. Desta forma, o objetivo é desvelar as narrativas sobre o processo vital humano nos povos indígenas da Colômbia construídas por estudantes universitários indígenas migrantes em Bogotá. Materiais e méto-dos: a pesquisa é qualitativa com abordagem narrativa e fundamenta-se no paradigma hermenêutico-in-terpretativo. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas com oito estudantes indígenas universitários, com idades entre 18 e 40 anos, pertencentes aos povos indígenas kamentsá, pastos, pijao, kankuamo, nasa e misak. Resultados: a convivência harmoniosa, ancorada nos territórios de origem, foi identificada como o conceito organizador-chave de todas as compreensões de saúde, doença, morte e cuidado. Conclusões:o desenho de intervenções de saúde adequadas dirigidas aos povos indígenas requer a consideração de seus próprios entendimentos sobre o processo da vida humana, em uma relação intrínseca com a harmonia integral entre pessoa, comunidade e território

Escala Crenças Parentais sobre Competência Emocional em Crianças (COMPE): Propriedades Psicométricas / Escala Creencias de los Padres sobre la Competencia Emocional en los Niños (COMPE): Propiedades Psicométricas / Scale Parental Beliefs about Emotional Competence in Children (COMPE): Psychometric Properties

Resumo Crenças parentais sobre competências emocionais das crianças representam o que pais pensam e acreditam a respeito de como a criança se desenvolve em termos de habilidades ligadas a emoções e de quais capacidades principais nesse domínio deve desenvolver. A competência emocional é um componente crítico e impactante para o desenvolvimento pleno e saudável. O objetivo desse estudo foi o de apresentar, brevemente, as etapas de construção da escala COMPE e verificar os parâmetros psicométricos preliminares como dimensionalidade e confiabilidade dos itens. Para atingir a forma final da escala, foram adotados procedimentos de Validade de Conteúdo para a constituição da versão inicial e de Teoria de Resposta ao Item para a análise das propriedades psicométricas dos itens. Como resultado, o presente artigo apresenta uma escala com um total de 30 itens capazes de compor uma medida para as crenças parentais mencionadas, com três facetas teóricas indicativas de competências emocionais ligadas a: (a) expressão emocional, (b) compreensão emocional e (c) regulação emocional, que são agregadas sob um escore único. Com base nas propriedades psicométricas verificadas, considera-se que a COMPE passa a ser uma opção de instrumento a ser utilizado com população brasileira em pesquisas envolvendo crenças parentais e emoções.

Resumen Creencias parentales sobre las competencias emocionales de los niños representan lo que los padres piensan y creen acerca de cómo el niño se desarrolla en términos de habilidades vinculadas a emociones y de qué capacidades principales en ese dominio debe desarrollar. La competencia emocional es un componente crítico y impactante para el desarrollo pleno y saludable. El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar brevemente las etapas de construcción de escala COMPE y comprobar los parámetros psicométricos preliminares como dimensionalidad y confiabilidad de los ítems. Para conseguir la forma final de la escala, los procedimientos de Validez de Contenido se adoptaron para la creación de la versión inicial, y de Teoría de Respuesta para analizar las propiedades psicométricas de los ítems. Como resultado, este documento presenta una escala con un total de 30 ítems capaces de componer una medida de las creencias parentales mencionadas, con tres facetas teóricas indicativas de competencias emocionales relacionadas con: (a) expresión emocional, (b) comprensión emocional y (c) regulación emocional, que se agregan en una sola puntuación. Basado en las propiedades psicométricas verificadas, la COMPE se convierte en una opción de instrumento a ser utilizado con población brasileña, en investigaciones que implican emociones y creencias parentales.

Abstract Parental beliefs regarding the emotional skills of children represent what parents think and believe about how the child develops in terms of emotion-related skills and which key abilities should be developed in this area. Emotional skill is a high impact component critical for full and healthy development. The aim of this study was to present, briefly, the construction steps of the COMPE scale and to verify the preliminary psychometric parameters, such as the dimensionality and reliability of the items. In order to reach the final form of the scale, Content Validity procedures were used for the constitution of the initial version and Item Response Theory (IRT) for the analysis of the psychometric properties of the items. As a result, the present article presents a scale with a total of 30 items capable of composing a measure for the parental beliefs mentioned, with three theoretical facets indicative of emotional skills linked to: (a) emotional expression, (b) emotional comprehension and (c) emotional regulation, which are aggregated into a single score. Based on the psychometric properties verified, it is considered that the COMPE can become an instrument option to be used with the Brazilian population in research involving parental beliefs and emotions.

Cuidado peri-operatorio integral centrado en el paciente: un paso más hacia la ampliación de los horizontes de la anestesiología / Comprehensive patient-centered perioperative care: another step towards expanding horizons in anesthesiology

Abstract We must change the current perioperative care model and expand the horizons of our specialty, as the results are unsatisfactory, health systems are unviable, and an imminent crisis is predicted. Although the contributions made by anesthetists have improved the safety of care and have contributed to increase the life expectancy and the quality of life of the population, it is necessary to adopt a comprehensive, patient-centered care model. This involves adapting to new settings of clinical practice, extending anesthetist intervention times, and rethinking the professional competencies that must be demonstrated by those who will practice in the near future. Therefore, we must identify our training deficiencies and start working immediately on overcoming them. The objective of this article is to reflect on the problems of the current model, the solutions proposed by the new models and the successes, difficulties, and opportunities that have been observed during its implementation.

Resumen Debemos cambiar el modelo de atención perioperatoria actual y ampliar los horizontes de nuestra especialidad, porque los resultados son insatisfactorios, los sistemas sanitarios son inviables y se predice una crisis inminente. A pesar de que los aportes hechos por los anestesiólogos han mejorado la seguridad de la atención y han contribuido a incrementar la calidad y la duración de la vida de la población, se hace necesario adoptar un modelo integral, centrado en el paciente, que implica adaptarse a nuevos escenarios de práctica clínica, ampliar los tiempos de intervención del anestesiólogo y replantear las competencias profesionales que deben demostrar quienes ejercerán en un futuro próximo. Por ello, debemos identificar nuestras deficiencias formativas y empezar de inmediato a superarlas. El objetivo de este artículo es hacer una reflexión sobre los problemas del modelo actual, las soluciones propuestas por los nuevos modelos y los aciertos, dificultades y oportunidades que se han observado durante su implementación.

Analysis of clinical competence assessment in the graduation examination for surgical professional degree postgraduates and surgical residents in Beijing / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate clinical competence assessment in the graduation examination for surgical professional degree postgraduates and surgical residents in Beijing. Methods Data of clinical competence assessment of graduation examination for surgical postgraduates from Capital Medical University (CMU) and residents from Beijing surgical residency training programs in 2013 were summarized and ana-lyzed. SPSS 11.5 software was used to do t test and chi square test to the corresponding data line. Results There were 118 surgical postgraduates in clinical medicine from CMU and 274 residents from Beijing surgi-cal residency training programs, who attended final clinical competence assessment. There were significant differences between the postgraduate and resident clinical competence assessment system. The differences included their organization in charge of examination and the contents of assessment system. The assessment system of clinical competence for the surgical postgraduates did not involved communication skills, reading and analysis of laboratory tests and imaging investigation. The score of case analysis in the postgraduate group was higher than that in the resident group [(84.6±1.1) vs. (82.2±10.2), P=0.039], however the score of surgical skill assessment in postgraduate group was significantly lower than that of the resident group [(78.2 ±14.0) vs. (90.5 ±6.3), P=0.000]. In addition, the rate in the score being higher or equal to 70 of case note, case analysis and surgical skill assessment between postgraduates and residents was significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusion Clinical competence assessment system for the surgical postgraduates should be adapted to their training goal. In addition to the process assessment, the objective structured clinical skills examination (OSCE) can be as a reasonable postgraduate graduation examination mode.

"The exploration and practice of ""the holistic thinking on the treatment of severe medicine in the training of the national college students' clinical skills competition" / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The holding of the national college students' clinical skills competition reflects the importance of medical education for clinical practice training . Although through intensive itemized skills drills, the competitors can complete each individual operation with satisfaction, due to the lack of clinical experience, in the integrated circuit training, they will easily stray into question stemtrap. The concrete analysis of the national college students' clinical skills contest competition reflects the medical students' insufficient recognition of clinical skills, lack of the overall concept of the intensive medical treatment, not flexible and insufficient mastery of the connotation of the clinical skills, which seriously restricts the improvement of clinical education. Therefore this article raises special sugges-tions, referring to training focusing on “Airway and Circulation”, developing the critical care thinking based on the relationship of multi-organ and improving the first-aid capability of the team work, so as to provide reference for the improvement of training effect.

Hospital administrators’recognition extent to healthcare-associated infec-tion management staff ’s competency and qualification / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To realize hospital administrators ’recognition extent to healthcare-associated infection (HAI )management staff ’s competency and qualification.Methods The unified questionnaires were filled in by respondents in 173 hospitals of Inner Mongolia autonomous Region,administrators’recognition on the competency and qualification of HAI management staff were surveyed.Results Of 445 hospital administrators,20.09%, 19.89%,and 18.05% considered that staff members in HAI management departments should have the knowledge background of preventive medicine,clinical medicine,and nursing respectively.58.20%,89.44%,and 43.37% of hospital administrators considered that the directors of HAI management departments should have senior profession-al titles,undergraduate course or above,and with 2 -5 working experience,respectively.34.92% and 30.93%considered that the most important professional ability of directors of HAI management department were profession-al and management ability,respectively.Conclusion Hospital administrators are apt to consider that the competen-cy and qualification of HAI management staff are strong professional ability and certain management ability,and are interdisciplinary talents.

Competency of doctors and nurses for characteristic scale and comparative analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective By taking emergency treatment of craniocerebral trauma for example, we studied the competence characteristic composition for emergency treatment of eraniocerebral trauma aiming at doctors and nurses, besides,their competence characteristics were compared as well. Methods By comprehensive application of qualitative and quantitative methods, the competence characteristic eomposi-tions of doctors and nurses were obtained, the corresponding competence characteristic scale was estab-lished, and underwent subsequent application for its validity and reliability. Results After many times of factor analysis and factor rotation, competence characteristic compositions and scale for doctors and nurses engaged in emergency treatment of eraniocerebral trauma were obtained, accumulative contribution of com- mon factors was 69.33% and 69.99%,ot coefficient was 0.826 and 0.930, split-half reliability was 0.771 and 0.791 ,α coefficient of internal consistency of every subseale ranged from 0.574 to 0.898, which showed good validity and reliability. Conclusions Doctors and nurses engaged in emergency treatment of cranio-cerebral trauma possess different competence characteristic compositions from general medical workers,their competence characteristics are both overlapping and different.