Breakthrough Infection with SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Old-Age Homes in a Southern District of Kerala, India

Background: The incidence of breakthrough infection with the emergence of new variants of concern of SARS?CoV?2 is posing a threat, and it is pertinent to understand the role of vaccines in protecting the elderly and people with comorbidities. Objective: The present study was undertaken to understand the natural history of SARS?CoV?2 infection in a closed cohort of the elderly population in an old?age home who have received two doses of COVID?19 vaccination. The study has also undertaken genomic sequencing to identify SARS?CoV?2 variants of concern from an academic perspective. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from March to August 2021 among residents of 11 old?age homes in Kerala who were vaccinated with 2 doses of the COVID?19 vaccine, from 2 weeks following vaccination. Samples with a threshold cycle value of <25 were subjected to targeted sequencing of the spike protein receptor?binding domain coding region. Results: Among the 479 vaccinated individuals, 86 (17.95%) turned positive during the follow?up period. The mean duration of symptoms was 3–5 days, and no hospitalization was required. A phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences from the samples indicated B.1.617.2 lineage representing the Delta strain. Conclusion: The evidence supports maximizing the vaccine coverage among vulnerable groups to prevent hospitalization and death rate on the verge of the emergence of new variants of SARS?CoV?2.

Frecuencia de diagnósticos de enfermería en pacientes hospitalizados con infección Covid-19 / Frequency of nursing diagnoses in hospitalized patients with covid-19 infection

Introducción: las respuestas humanas de la persona ante enfermedades nuevas como infecciones por coronavirus (COVID-19), deben estar plasmados en los diagnósticos de enfermería como parte de la utilización del pensamiento crítico al establecer un plan de cuidados. Objetivo: describir la frecuencia de los diagnósticos de enfermería reportados en expedientes de pacientes con infección por COVID-19.Material y métodos: investigación clínica, con enfoque cuantitativo, retrospectivo; muestra probabilística conformada por 163 expedientes de pacientes hospitalizados por diagnóstico COVID-19 del Hospital General de Tula, entre abril y octubre 2020. La información se recabó en una ficha de recolección de datos diseñada ex profeso, acorde a la hoja de enfermería del hospital, utilizando la taxonomía NANDA-I. Investigación aprobada por el Comité de ética e investigación. Resultados: n=163 expedientes, pacientes con infección COVID-19 edad entre 20 y 92 años, 58.9 % del género masculino; en el tratamiento establecido 97.5 % tuvo oxigenoterapia, el rango de estancia de 0-24 días de hospitalización. Los diagnósticos de enfermería registrados con mayor frecuencia fueron riesgo de aspiración (f=1095), ansiedad (f=1079), disconfort (f=928), fatiga (f=862), riesgo de shock (f=813), patrón respiratorio ineficaz (f=660) y limpieza ineficaz de las vías aéreas (f=606). Conclusiones: los diagnósticos de enfermería de la taxonomía NANDA-I son aplicables en pacientes con infección COVID-19, el más frecuente: riesgo de aspiración.

Introduction: the person's human responses to new diseases such as coronavirus infections (COVID-19), must be reflected in nursing diagnoses as part of the use of critical thinking when establishing a care plan. Objective: To describe the frequency of nursing diagnoses reported in the records of patients with COVID-19 infection. Material and methods: clinical research, with a quantitative, retrospective approach; the probabilistic sample was made up of 163 records of patients hospitalized for a COVID-19 diagnosis at the General Hospital of Tula, in the period April-October 2020. The information was collected in a data collection form designed expressly, according to the data sheet. Hospital nursing, using the NANDA-I taxonomy. Research approved by the Ethics and Research Committee. Results: n=163 records, the patients with COVID-19 infection were between 20-92 years old, 58.9% were male; in the established treatment, 97.5% had oxygen therapy, the range of stay was 0-24 days of hospitalization. The most frequently recorded nursing diagnoses were risk of aspiration (f=1095), anxiety (f=1079), discomfort (f=928), fatigue (f=862), risk of shock (f=813), respiratory pattern ineffective (f=660) and ineffective airway clearance (f=606). Conclusions: the nursing diagnoses of the NANDA-I taxonomy are applicable in patients with COVID-19 infection, the most frequent was: risk of aspiration

Fulminant fungal endogenous endophthalmitis following SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case report

Systemic corticosteroids and immunocompromised state following SARS?CoV?2 infection can predispose individuals to endogenous endophthalmitis. A 66?year?old gentleman presented with complaints of diminution of vision and redness one week post discharge after hospitalization for COVID?19 infection. Clinical examination suggested fulminant endogenous endophthalmitis which responded poorly even after aggressive treatment requiring evisceration. Culture and gene sequenced analysis confirmed Aspergillus fumigatus to be the causative organism. A high degree of suspicion is warranted in the presence of recent onset of floaters in COVID?19?infected individuals to facilitate early diagnosis and outcomes.

Publicación de noticias falsas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en el Perú / Publication of fake news during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru

El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar las noticias identificadas como falsas por las instituciones del Poder Ejecutivo del Estado peruano, entre el 1o de febrero y el 4 de junio de 2020. Se revisaron las redes sociales Facebook y Twitter de la Presidencia de la República, del Consejo de Ministros y de los 18 ministerios. Se encontraron 72 noticias identificadas como falsas y el tipo más frecuente de falsificación fue la suplantación (51,4 por ciento). El 41,7 por ciento y 30,6 por ciento de las noticias falsas fueron de temas económicos y sociales respectivamente. El Ministerio de Desarrollo e Inclusión Social y el Ministerio de Educación fueron las instituciones más plagiadas y, a su vez, las que más desmintieron noticias falsas. En este escenario resulta necesario fortalecer los sistemas de detección y respuesta de noticias falsas de las instituciones del Estado, así como educar a la población en valorar la fuente de información que revisa en redes sociales(AU)

The objective of this study was to describe the news identified as false by the executive power of the Peruvian State from February 1 to June 4, 2020. This study reviewed the Facebook and Twitter social networks of the Presidency and Council of Ministers, and those of 18 ministries. Seventy-two news identified as false were found and the most frequent type of falsification was impersonation (51.4percent). 41.7percent and 30.6percent of fake news were about economic and social issues, respectively. The Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion and the Ministry of Education were the most plagiarized institutions, and consecutively, the ones that denied false news the most. In this scenario, it is necessary to strengthen the false news detection and response systems of state institutions, as well as to educate the population in valuing the source of information they review on social networks(AU)