Comparison of the efficacy of fractional CO 2 laser combined with topical delivery of fluorouracil versus compound betamethasone injections in the treatment of vitiligo: a clinical observation / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To compare the efficacy of fractional CO 2 laser combined with topical delivery of fluorouracil versus compound betamethasone injections in the treatment of vitiligo. Methods:Clinical data were collected from 94 patients with localized, non-segmental, and stable vitiligo, who received fractional CO 2 laser combined with drug delivery at the Cosmetological Center, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University from October 2018 to May 2023, and were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, there were 40 cases in the fractional CO 2 laser combined with fluorouracil injection group, and 54 cases in the fractional CO 2 laser combined with compound betamethasone injection group. All the patients received the above treatment once a month for 5 sessions. A 4-level grading scale was used to evaluate the pigmentation improvement, and the clinical efficacy and safety of the two therapeutic regimens were compared. Comparisons between groups were performed using chi-square test, Fisher′s exact test, and t test. Results:In the fractional CO 2 laser combined with fluorouracil injection group, there were 22 males and 18 females, their ages were 21.95 ± 12.88 years, and the disease duration was 25.46 ± 11.42 months; in the fractional CO 2 laser combined with compound betamethasone injection group, there were 36 males and 18 females, their ages were 22.26 ± 8.79 years, and the disease duration was 26.51 ± 12.81 months. One month after the first treatment, no significant difference was observed in the efficacy between the two groups ( χ2 = 1.39, P = 0.238). One month after the fifth treatment, 2 (5.0%) patients showed an excellent response, 4 (10.0%) showed a good response, 12 (30.0%) showed a mild response, and 22 (55.0%) showed a poor response in the fractional CO 2 laser combined with fluorouracil injection group; in the fractional CO 2 laser combined with compound betamethasone injection group, 8 (14.8%) patients showed a good response, 8 (14.8%) showed a mild response, and 38 (70.4%) showed a poor response; there was no significant difference in the efficacy between the two groups after 5 sessions of treatment ( χ2 = 2.35, P = 0.125). After either 1 or 5 sessions of treatment, there were no significant differences in the efficacy for lesions on the face and neck, trunk and limbs, hands and feet between the two therapeutic regimens (all P > 0.05). Comparisons of the efficacy for skin lesions on different body sites showed that one session of the fractional CO 2 laser combined with fluorouracil injection was more effective for the treatment of skin lesions on the face and neck compared with those on the hands and feet ( P = 0.039) ; after 5 sessions of treatment, the two therapeutic regimens both showed better efficacy for facial skin lesions compared with hand and foot skin lesions ( P = 0.005, 0.049). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of adverse reactions such as pigmentation, infection and scarring between the two groups. Conclusion:The fractional CO 2 laser combined with topical delivery of fluorouracil and compound betamethasone injections showed similar efficacy and safety in the treatment of vitiligo, and both can be used as treatment options for vitiligo.

Efficacy of intravaginal fractional superpulse CO2 laser in the treatment of mild to moderate female stress urinary incontinence / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravaginal fractional superpulse CO2 laser in the treatment of mild to moderate female stress urinary incontinence (SUI), so as to provide reference for the treatment options for female SUI. 【Methods】 A total of 41 female mild-to-moderate SUI patients confirmed at the Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, during Aug.2019 and Nov.2020 were involved.All patients received 3 intravaginal fractional superpulse CO2 laser treatments (1/month).The improvement of urinary incontinence symptoms after treatment was evaluated with International Consultation on Incontinent Questionnaire Short Form (ICI-Q-SF).The motion of bladder neck and rotation angle of bladder and urethra were measured with pelvic ultrasound before and after treatment.The therapeutic effects, pain and patients’ satisfaction were evaluated, and adverse reactions such as bleeding, infection and scar were observed. 【Results】 Three months after treatment, urinary incontinence symptoms improved to varying degrees, the ICI-Q-SF score decreased, the motion of bladder neck [ (28.70±3.11) mm vs.(19.10±4.54) mm] and the vesicourethral rotation angle [(52.78°±15.79°) vs.(41.56°±13.24°)] significantly decreased (P<0.05).The total effective rate was 100.0%.No patients complained severe pain during treatment.All patients were satisfied with the treatment.No adverse reactions such as bleeding, infection or scar occurred. 【Conclusion】 Intravaginal fractional superpulse CO2 laser is effective and safe in the treatment of mild to moderate female SUI, but the long-term efficacy still needs further observation.

Fractional CO2 laser with topical 1% terbinafine cream versus oral itraconazole in the management of onychomycosis: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Onychomycosis accounts for 20–40% of all nail disorders. It is difficult to cure with resistance to anti-fungal drugs, their side effects and drug interactions limiting treatment options. Itraconazole is a widely accepted oral medication used for onychomycosis while fractional CO2 laser along with a topical anti-fungal has shown promising results for nail plate clearance in onychomycosis. Aim: To compare the efficacy of fractional CO2 laser with 1% terbinafine cream versus itraconazole in the management of onychomycosis. Methods: A prospective, randomised, single-centre, two-arm, parallel-group interventional study was conducted at Command Hospital Air Force, Bangalore. Onychomycosis cases confirmed by KOH mount/culture-positive were included. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A received 4 sessions of fractional CO2 laser every fourth week with twice-daily application of 1% terbinafine cream; Group B received one-week pulse therapy with capsule itraconazole once every four-week for three pulses. The response was assessed by Onychomycosis Severity Index, a validated onychomycosis assessment scale, at baseline and at six months. Results: Group A had 50 patients with a total of 98 nails. Clinical improvement was seen in 83/98 (84.7%) nails. The average reduction in Onychomycosis Severity Index was 8.65 (P < 0.05). Group B had 50 patients with a total of 136 nails. Clinical improvement was seen in 104/136 (76.5%) nails. The average reduction in Onychomycosis Severity Index was 7.37 (P < 0.05). Both groups showed statistically significant improvement measured by ‘Reduction in Onychomycosis Severity Index’ at six months; however, there was no significant difference between the two arms. Limitations: The main limitations of the study are the small sample size and lack of long-term follow-up to assess recurrence of infection. Conclusion: Fractional CO2 laser with 1% terbinafine cream is an effective and safe method for inducing nail clearance in onychomycosis and has efficacy similar to itraconazole pulse therapy.

Risk Factors Analysis and Prevention Strategy of Renke Space Edema Complicated with Vocal Cord Adhesion After CO2 Laser Resection / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevention strategy of bilateral vocal cord adhesion after simultaneous Renke space edema resection under CO2 laser. MethodsSeventy patients who underwent CO2 laser resection of bilateral Renke space edema of vocal cords from June 2018 to June 2021 in our hospital were retrospectively selected for this study. According to their postoperative vocal cord adhesion， patients were divided into vocal cord adhesion group （35 cases） and silent band adhesion group （35 cases）， and the general data of the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors for postoperative vocal cord adhesion. The prediction model of postoperative morbidity risk of vocal cord adhesion was established by using chisquared automatic interaction detection （CHAID） classification tree algorithm， and the application value of the model was evaluated by benefit graph and index graph. ResultsMultivariate analysis showed that surgical range and depth of Ⅱ， laser power≥5 W and anterior connection involvement were the risk factors for postoperative vocal cord adhesion ［OR 95%CI： 6.113 （2.346， 17.451）； 5.214 （1.469， 15.263）； 18.651 （1.689， 36.203）］. The classification tree model showed that anterior articulation involvement was an important predictor of postoperative vocal cord adhesion （76.92%； χ2=11.993， P=0.001）， and the benefit graph and index graph showed good models. ConclusionClinical attention should be paid to surgical scope and depth， laser power and anterior union involvement， and timely prevention strategies should be formulated to reduce the risk of vocal cord adhesion in patients.

Comparative analysis of fractional CO 2 laser, focused ultrasound and simple drug treatment of gynecological vulva white lesions / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of fractional CO 2 laser, focused ultrasound and simple drug treatment of gynecological vulva white lesions. Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 126 patients with white lesions of the vulva admitted to Hainan Cancer Hospital from August 2018 to December 2020. They were divided into drug group, focused ultrasound group and fractional CO 2 laser group by random number table method, with 42 patients in each group. The drug group was treated with mometasone furoate cream or dexamethasone acetate cream, and the focused ultrasound group was treated with focused ultrasound; the fractional CO 2 laser group was treated with fractional CO 2 laser. The serum interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and human epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels before and after treatment, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores of the three groups were compared. Results:Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the levels of IL-2, TNF-α, CRP and EGF among the three groups (all P>0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-2, TNF-α, CRP and EGF in the three groups were significantly decreased, and the levels of IL-2, TNF-α, CRP and EGF in the focused ultrasound group and fractional CO 2 laser group were lower than those in the drug group, with statistically significant difference (all P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the white lesions, dry pruritus, sexual pain and chapped skin scores of the three groups (all P>0.05); After treatment, scores of all dimensions of the three groups were significantly decreased, and scores of all dimensions of the focused ultrasound group and fractional CO 2 laser were lower than those of the drug group, with statistical significance (all P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the scores of symptoms and feelings, daily activities and interpersonal relationship of the three groups (all P>0.05); After treatment, scores of all dimensions of the three groups were significantly decreased, and scores of all dimensions of the focused ultrasound group and fractional CO 2 laser were lower than those of the drug group, with statistical significance (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Fractional CO 2 laser has a remarkable effect in the treatment of gynecological vulva white lesions, which can reduce the level of inflammatory factors in patients, improve the pain condition, and improve the quality of life.

Effects of lattice superpulsed CO 2 laser combined with asiaticoside cream ointment on repair of facial depression acne scar / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of lattice superpulsed CO 2 laser combined with asiaticoside cream ointment on the repair of facial depression acne scar. Methods:A total of 124 patients with facial acne depression scar who visited the dermatology department of Zhengzhou People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as subjects, including 60 males and 64 females, aged 16-38 (27.2±4.8) years. According to the random number table, the patients were divided into the control group ( n=62) and observation group ( n=62). The control group were treated with lattice superpulsed CO 2 laser, and the observation group were treated with lattice superpulsed CO 2 laser combined with asiaticoside cream ointment for 6 months. The therapeutic efficacy, Vancouver scar scale (VSS), ECCA score, skin barrier related indicators, pain duration, healing time, delayed duration and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:The total effective rate in the observation group (91.94%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (77.42%) (χ 2=5.04, P<0.05), pain duration, scab formation time, scab removal time, complete healing time, delay period and the incidence of adverse reactions were significantly lower than those in the control group [(2.76±1.04) h, (2.64±1.03) d, (6.18±1.47) d, (8.87±1.75) d, (7.89±2.16) d, 3.23% vs. (4.11±1.29) h, (3.87±1.14) d, (7.24±1.56) d, (11.05±1.93) d, (10.52±3.01) d, 12.90%, detection value = 6.42, 6.30, 3.90, 6.59, 5.59, 3.92, P<0.05]. After treatment, the VSS scale and ECCA score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (5.71±1.06, 39.12±10.64 vs. 6.42±1.17, 42.61±11.51, t=3.54, 2.26, P<0.05). After treatment, the water content of cuticle in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(40.02±14.14) vs. (34.35±11.50) AU, t=2.45, P<0.05], and transepidermal water loss, lactic acid stimulation test score and cuticle protein content were significantly lower than those in the control group [(19.07±5.70) g/(h·m 2), (2.62±1.27) score, (30.12±10.63) μg vs. (21.39±6.51) g/(h·m 2), (3.25±1.89) score, (35.10±11.19) μg, t=2.11, 2.18, 2.54, P<0.05]. Conclusions:Lattice superpulsed CO 2 laser combined with asiaticoside cream ointmentis can effectively treat acne scar and reduce adverse reactions, and the curative effect is better than single laser treatment.

Blefaroplastia realizada con láser de CO2 versus radiocirugía en pacientes con dermatochalasis / Blepharoplasty performed with CO2 laser versus radiosurgery in patients with dermatochalasis

Objetivo: Describir los resultados de las blefaroplastias con láser de CO2 y radiocirugía realizada a pacientes con dermatochalasis del párpado superior en el Hospital "Hermanos Ameijeiras". Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal en pacientes del servicio de Oftalmología. Después de aplicar los criterios de selección la muestra quedó conformada por los primeros 100 pacientes que asistieron de forma consecutiva y se dividieron al azar en dos grupos de 50 casos cada uno, al grupo A se le realizó blefaroplastia superior transcutánea con radiofrecuencia y al grupo B se le realizó blefaroplastia superior transcutánea con láser de CO2. Resultados: En ambos predominaron los pacientes entre los 60 a 79 años, el sexo femenino y los de color de piel blanca (p>0,05); se logró una reducción completa de la piel redundante en más de un 50 pr ciento. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio con el láser de CO2 fue de 31.5 min y con radiofrecuencia de 35,9 min. El sangrado intraoperatorio fue menor en operados con el láser de CO2. La satisfacción de los pacientes fue buena en ambos grupos. Complicaciones posoperatorias: el 16 del grupo A y el 11% del B, presentaron alguna complicación. Conclusiones: Se observó que con el uso del láser de CO2 el tiempo quirúrgico, el sangrado intraoperatorio y las complicaciones disminuyeron; con lo cual mejoró el aprovechamiento del salón. Ambas técnicas mostraron un elevado grado de satisfacción y mejoría de la estética palpebral por lo que son efectivas y seguras(AU)

Objective: To describe the results of CO2 laser blepharoplasty and radiosurgery performed in patients with upper eyelid dermatochalasis. Methods: A descriptive longitudinal study was carried out in patients of the Ophthalmology Service of the Clinical Surgical Hospital "Hermanos Ameijeiras". After applying the selection criteria, the sample consisted of the first 100 patients who attended consecutively and were randomly divided into two groups of 50 cases each. Group A underwent transcutaneous upper blepharoplasty with radiofrequency and group B underwent transcutaneous upper blepharoplasty with CO2 laser. Results: In both groups, patients between 60 and 79 years of age, female gender and white skin color predominated (p>0.05); a complete reduction of redundant skin was achieved in more than 50 percnt. The average surgical time with CO2 laser was 31.5 min and with radiofrequency 35.9 min. Intraoperative bleeding was lower in those operated with the CO2 laser. Patient satisfaction was good in both groups. Postoperative complications: 16 por ciento of group A and 11 percent of group B presented some complication. Conclusions: It was observed that with the use of CO2 laser the surgical time, intraoperative bleeding and complications decreased; thus improving room utilization. Both techniques showed a high degree of satisfaction and improvement of palpebral aesthetics, so they are effective and safe(AU)

Research progress on diagnosis and treatment of gingival pigmentation / 口腔疾病防治

@#Gingival pigmentation(GP) manifests as dark pigmentation spots, such as black or brown spots, in the gums. It is mostly caused by the deposition of melanin particles secreted by melanocytes on the gingival epithelium. The influencing factors may be divided into two categories, exogenous and endogenous. Exogenous factors include heavy metals, tattoos, smoking or drug use, and endogenous factors are related to certain diseases. The clinical grading of GP helps make a reasonable assessment of the necessity of treatment and prognosis. The Dummett-Gupta oral pigmentation index is a commonly used grading method, and the new grading method formed by combining the etiology and clinical manifestations described the patient’s situation more comprehensively. It is necessary to ask for a detailed medical history, complete examination, and correctly differentiate between physiological GP and GP caused by pathological state. Laser treatment is the currenttreatment with a better treatment effect and higher patient acceptance, and it is more comfortable and convenient, including diode laser, Er: YAG laser, and Nd: YAG laser, etc. This article summarizes the formation factors, clinical manifestations and treatment methods of GP to provide ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of GP.

Efficacy of fractional CO 2 laser and 1064-nm, Q-switched Nd∶YAG laser on xanthelasma palpebrarum / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To determine the clinical efficacy and safety of a fractional CO 2 laser and a 1 064 nm, Q-switched Nd∶YAG laser therapy in the treatment of xanthelasma palpebrarum. Methods:From October 2020 to October 2021, 30 patients (5 males and 25 females) with bilateralxanthelasma palpebrarum of the eyelid were enrolled in the Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University. The age ranged from 38 to 67 (51±7) years. One side was randomly treated with fractional CO 2 laser as the fractional group, and the other side was treated with Q-switch 1 064 nm Nd∶YAG laser as the Q-switch group. The treatment was given every 28 days for 4 times. Before treatment and 1 month after the last treatment, the general pictures were taken to compare the clinical effect. Skin ultrasound was used to measure the difference of tumor thickness before and after treatment. The incidence of adverse reactions, such as local scar, hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation after inflammation, were recorded. Results:Under general photos, there was statistically significant difference in efficacy scores between the two groups before and after treatment ( Z=-3.082, P<0.05). By comparison of tumor thickness under skin ultrasound, the difference between the two groups before and after treatment was statistically significant ( t=21.60, P<0.05; t=17.29, P<0.05); there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups before treatment ( t=0.46, P=0.650), but there was statistically significant difference between the two groups after treatment ( t=8.41, P<0.001). No serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups. Conclusions:Fractional CO 2 laser or Q-switch 1 064 nm Nd∶YAG laser can safely and effectively improve xanthelasma palpebrarum, in which the effect of fractional CO 2 laser is much better.

CO2 laser irradiation for debonding ceramic orthodontic brackets

Abstract This study evaluated shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI) and fracture mode of chemically and mechanically retained ceramic brackets bonded with different composite resins and irradiated with CO2 laser. The null hypothesis was that ceramic brackets bonded with different composite resins and irradiated with CO2 laser would have similar SBS values. Ninety human premolars were divided into four experimental groups according to the combination of type of composite resin (Transbond XT and Z 250) and type of ceramic bracket (Fascination and Mystique), and two control groups (n=15). In the four experimental groups, the brackets were irradiated with CO2 laser at 10 W for 3 seconds before SBS testing. Enamel surface ARI was calculated after debonding under electron microscopy scanning. ANOVA and the Mann-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis. The laser groups had lower SBS values than the non-irradiated groups (control) (p<0.05). The mechanically retained brackets (Mystique) had the higher (p<0.05) and Z250 had the lower SBS values after CO2 laser irradiation. The groups bonded with Z250 had the highest ARI. Adhesive fractures were the most prevalent. The null hypothesis was rejected. CO2 laser decreased SBS efficiently and facilitated debonding of mechanically and chemically retained ceramic brackets.

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união ao cisalhamento da colagem (RCC), o índice de remanescente de adesivo (IRA) e o modo de fratura de bráquetes cerâmicos com retenção química e mecânica colados com diferentes compositos e irradiados com laser de CO2. A hipótese nula testada foi que bráquetes colados com diferentes compósitos e irradiados com laser de CO2 apresentam valores semelhantes de RCC. Noventa pré-molares humanos foram divididos em 6 grupos (n=15): 2 controles e 4 experimentais que se diferenciaram pelo tipo de bráquete ceramic (Fascination and Mystique) e pelo compósito de fixação (Transbond XT e Z 250). Nos quatro grupos experimentais, os bráquetes foram irradiados com laser de CO2 com 10W por 3 segundos anteriormente ao teste de RCC. O IRA das superficies de esmalte foram avaliados após a descolagem e submetidos a análise em microscopia electrônica de varredura (MEV). Para análise estatística foram utilizados ANOVA e o teste de mann-Whitney. Os grupos laser mostraram valores de RCC menores que os grupos não irradiados (controles) (p<0.05). Os bráquetes com retenção mecânica (Mystique) mostraram alta RCC (p<0.05) e o compósito Z 250 obteve os mais baixos valores de RCC após irradiação com laser. Os grupos colados com o compósito Z 250 apresentaram os mais altos escores do IRA. O modo de fratura mais prevalente foi a adesiva. A hipótese nula foi rejeitada. O laser de CO2 foi eficaz para diminuir os valores de RCC e facilitou a descolagem dos bráquetes cerâmicos de retenção química e mecânica

Application of Ultrasound Biomicroscopy in Longterm Follow-up Post Modified CO / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To observe the role of ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM)in two-year post-operative follow-up for primary open-angle glaucoma patients with modified CO

treatment of mild to moderate periorbital aging in Asians with ultrapulsed fractional CO 2 laser / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of ultrapulse fractional CO 2 laser in the treatment of mild to moderate orbital aging in Asians. Methods:From January 2018 to December 2018, 36 patients (72 eyes) with mild to moderate orbital aging were enrolled, 22 women and 14 men, with an average age of 32.4 years. Each patient was randomly divided into two groups. In the traditional operation group, 36 eyes received blepharoplasty through traditional inferior conjunctival approach. In the ultrapulsed fractional CO 2 laser group, 36 eyesunderwent blepharoplasty through the lower eyelid conjunctival approach assisted by optoelectronics. Both groups were treated with ultrapulsed fractional CO 2 laser for periorbital aging. The operation time, detumescence time and postoperative complications were compared. At the same time, the periorbital skin relaxation was treated by the combination of the two groups. The patients were followed up for 12 months. Results:In the traditional operation group, 11 cases were evaluated as Barton grade Ⅰ preoperatively, and the efficacy score was 0.64±0.21. In 25 cases of Barton grade Ⅱ the efficacy score was 1.34±0.34. 17 cases were Barton Ⅰ in photoelectric assisted group, and the efficacy score was 0.92±0.18. In 19 cases of Barton grade Ⅱ, the efficacy score was 1.71±0.42. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in Barton Ⅰ efficacy score, P<0.05 ( P=0.016); There was also a statistically significant difference between the two groups in efficacy score of Barton Ⅱ, P<0.05 ( P=0.039). The operation time of the photoelectric assisted group was (12.00±1.82) minutes, and the edema duration was (4.0±1.8) days. The duration of operation in the conventional surgery group was (16.00±3.75) minutes, and the duration of edema was (7.0±2.4) days. The operation time and edema duration in the photoelectric assisted group were both shorter than those in the traditional operation group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The blepharoplasty through traditional inferior conjunctival approach assisted with ultrapulsed fractional CO 2 laser has no obvious bleeding, with shorter operation time, swelling reduction time and the number of complications than the traditional operation.This method can solve the symptoms of blepharoplasty, lower eyelid skin relaxation and wrinkles around eyes. This method is worthy of promotion in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate periorbital aging.

Sequential therapy by local injection of triamcinolone acetonide and lattice CO 2 laser for hypertrophic scar / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To determine the clinical effect of sequential therapy by local injection of triamcinolone acetonide and lattice CO 2laser for hypertrophic scar. Methods:A total of 80 hypertrophic scar patients, including 45 male and 35 female, in our clinic were randomly divided into test ( n=40) and control ( n=40) groups from March 2019 to May 2020. Patients aged from 18-42 years with average age 28.1. Patients in test groups were treated with triamcinolone acetonide and lattice CO 2laser sequentially. After final treatments, third-party blind evaluation, Vancouver scar scale, visual analog scale and dermatology life quality index were performed. Results:Test group acquired more satisfied result in third-party blind evaluation (82.5% vs. 52.5%, χ2=8.216, P<0.05). Vancouver scar scale, visual analog scale and dermatology life quality index were not significantly different before treatment for both groups while test group acquired better improvement after treatment ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Sequential therapy by local injection of triamcinolone acetonide and lattice CO 2laser is effective for hypertrophic scar and worths wide application in the clinic.

Estimation of the autoclave and different surface treatments on microleakage between soft liner and heat-cured acrylic / Estimativa da autoclavagem e diferentes tratamentos de superfície na microinfiltração entre o soft liner e o acrílico termopolimerizável

Objective: The present study was oriented to estimate the effect of different surface treatments on the microleakage between the soft liner and acrylic with and without the use of autoclave as disinfection method. Material and Methods: Sixty samples were split into two groups: the autoclaved groups and non-autoclaved groups. Each one subdivided into three groups: first one without any treatments as a control group; in the second group surface of the samples were treated with CO2 laser (10.6 nm wavelength for 15 seconds), and in the third group the surface was treated with sandblasting (250 µm Al2O3). All the samples exposed to thermocycling, then the microleakage test was evaluated by gauging dye penetration depth between the soft liner and acrylic disc using a digital microscope. Data analyzed statistically by One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc tests. In addition, t-test was used for comparison between two groups (P-value ≤ 0.05). Results: The maximum mean values for the microleakage were observed in the untreated group (control) followed by the group treated by CO2 laser and the lowest mean value of microleakage was related to the third group for both non-autoclaved and autoclaved groups with significant differences among them. In addition, depending on the use of autoclave, there was non-significant in all studied groups. Conclusions: There was a decrease in the microleakage when the surface treated with CO2laser and sandblast. The use of autoclave did not badly change the microleakage between the soft liner and denture base. (AU)

Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo estimar o efeito de diferentes tratamentos de superfície na microinfiltração entre o soft liner e o acrílico usando ou não a autoclve como método de desinfecção. Material e Métodos: Sessenta amostras foram divididas em dois grupos: grupo com uso da autoclave e grupo sem uso da autoclave. Cada um subdivide em três grupos: o primeiro sem nenhum tratamento como grupo controle; no segundo grupo, a superfície das amostras foi tratada com laser de CO2 (comprimento de onda de 10,6 nm por 15 segundos) e, no terceiro grupo, a superfície foi tratada com jateamento (250 µm Al2O3). Todas as amostras foram expostas à termociclagem, em seguida o teste de microinfiltração foi realizado medindo-se a profundidade de penetração do corante entre o soft liner e o disco de acrílico em microscópio digital. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por One-way ANOVA e testes post-hoc de Tukey. Além disso, o teste t foi usado para comparação entre dois grupos (P-valor ≤ 0,05). Resultados: Os valores médios máximos de microinfiltração foram observados no grupo não tratado (controle) seguido pelo grupo tratado com laser de CO2 e o valor médio mínimo de microinfiltração foi relacionado ao terceiro grupo para ambos os grupos não autoclavado e autoclavado com diferenças significativas entre eles. Além disso, dependendo do uso de autoclave, não houve significância em todos os grupos estudados. Conclusão: Houve diminuição da microinfiltração quando a superfície foi tratada com laser de CO2e jateamento. O uso de autoclave não alterou a microinfiltração entre o soft liner e a base da prótese (AU)

Role of carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of oral leukoplakia

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the treatment results of carbon dioxide (CO2) laser vaporisation in the well-defined cohort patients with oral leukoplakia. The group consisted of 20 patients. Before treatment, a clinical photograph and an incisional biopsy were performed in all the cases. Also, post treatment results were documented with clinical photographs. The mean follow-up period was 12 months. 18 out of 20 patients treated for cure (90%) achieved local control after one treatment. The remaining 2 patients required (10%) 2nd and 3rd vaporisations. The rate of malignant transformation after CO2 laser treatment is found to be 2.27% which is comparable to the other studies. CO2 laser vaporisation in the treatment of oral leukoplakia lesions is an excellent procedure in not only preventing the local recurrence and the malignant transformation but also in preventing the post-operative dysfunction. It is a time saving procedure with a negligible intra operative bleeding. The wound healing procedure after CO2 laser is extremely good causing the least post procedure morbidity.

Voice analysis of early glottic carcinoma treated by carbon dioxide laser / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of CO2 laser cordectomy on the voice of early glottic carcinoma. @*Method@#A retrospective analysis of 40 patients who underwent CO2 laser treatment early glottis preoperative clinical data of postoperative laryngeal cancer patients, patients with postoperative recurrence rate, survival rate, and the postoperative complications of patients with preoperative and postoperative laryngoscopy, voice disorders index（voice handicap index, VHI） simplified Chinese version（VHI 13） rating scale, affecting the stability sound quality postoperatively in patients with laryngeal cancer were discussed. @*Result@#All patients underwent voice reexamination 8-97 months after surgery, and the survival rate was 100%, no local recurrence and no obvious postoperative complications. Compared with the healthy control group, there were statistically significant differences in the four indicators F0（fundamental frequency）, Jitter（fundamental frequency perturbation）, Shimmer（amplitude perturbation） and MPT（maximum pronunciation time）, suggesting that CO2 laser surgery resulted in significant changes in acoustic parameters. Jitter and Shimmer indexes in the pre involved combined group were statistically significant different from those in the non involved combined group, suggesting that the sound quality of the pre involved combined group was worse in the postoperative stability period. The VHI score indicated that most patients with early glottic cancer were in severe voice disorder before operation and most were in moderate voice disorder after operation. Compared with the healthy control group, the VHI score and total score of the healthy control group were lower in terms of physiology, psychology and emotion. Compared with the healthy control group, the VHI score and physiology of the early glottic laryngeal cancer patients were lower in the early glottic laryngeal cancer patients before and after surgery, and they were statistically significant. @*Conclusion@#CO2 laser surgery for early glottic cancer, the overall survival rate of patients, low recurrence rate, fewer complications, CO2 laser surgery led to significant changes in acoustic parameters, postoperative sound quality and whether the involvement of pre-associated factors; The total score of VHI and physiological score of early glottic carcinoma patients after CO2 laser operation were better than those before operation.

Voice analysis of early glottic carcinoma treated by carbon dioxide laser / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of CO2 laser cordectomy on the voice of early glottic carcinoma. A retrospective analysis of 40 patients who underwent CO2 laser treatment early glottis preoperative clinical data of postoperative laryngeal cancer patients, patients with postoperative recurrence rate, survival rate, and the postoperative complications of patients with preoperative and postoperative laryngoscopy, voice disorders index（voice handicap index, VHI） simplified Chinese version（VHI 13） rating scale, affecting the stability sound quality postoperatively in patients with laryngeal cancer were discussed. All patients underwent voice reexamination 8-97 months after surgery, and the survival rate was 100%, no local recurrence and no obvious postoperative complications. Compared with the healthy control group, there were statistically significant differences in the four indicators F0（fundamental frequency）, Jitter（fundamental frequency perturbation）, Shimmer（amplitude perturbation） and MPT（maximum pronunciation time）, suggesting that CO2 laser surgery resulted in significant changes in acoustic parameters. Jitter and Shimmer indexes in the pre involved combined group were statistically significant different from those in the non involved combined group, suggesting that the sound quality of the pre involved combined group was worse in the postoperative stability period. The VHI score indicated that most patients with early glottic cancer were in severe voice disorder before operation and most were in moderate voice disorder after operation. Compared with the healthy control group, the VHI score and total score of the healthy control group were lower in terms of physiology, psychology and emotion. Compared with the healthy control group, the VHI score and physiology of the early glottic laryngeal cancer patients were lower in the early glottic laryngeal cancer patients before and after surgery, and they were statistically significant. CO2 laser surgery for early glottic cancer, the overall survival rate of patients, low recurrence rate, fewer complications, CO2 laser surgery led to significant changes in acoustic parameters, postoperative sound quality and whether the involvement of pre-associated factors; The total score of VHI and physiological score of early glottic carcinoma patients after CO2 laser operation were better than those before operation.

Uso inmediato del plasma rico en plaquetas post laser CO2 fraccionado en fototipo de piel alto / Immediate randomized use of platelet-rich plasma after fractionated CO2 laser in high skin photo type

Introducción: El tratamiento con láser de Dióxido de Carbono (CO2) fraccionado en fototipos altos de piel, puede traer como consecuencia trastornos de pigmentación, eritema persistente, edema, aparición de brote de acné, entre otras. Debido a ello, se hace necesario aplicar técnicas complementarias que minimicen estos efectos adversos. Objetivo: Identificar la seguridad, eficacia y efectos sinérgicos satisfactorios de la aplicación de plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP) después de la aplicación de láser de CO2 fraccionado en la cara con fototipos altos, para disminuir los efectos adversos. Método: Estudio clínico experimental - ensayo clínico abierto ­ randomizado con un universo de 32 hemicaras con fototipos IV y V de Fitzpatrick. Se utilizó un láser de CO2 (CO2RE-Syneron Candela) fraccionado e inmediatamente se incluyó PRP autólogo ramdomizado en las hemicaras de casos. En los controles, betametasona y vaselina. Se compararon los resultados fotográficos mostrándolos a 3 médicos expertos sin información previa para que determinen en una escala sencilla los hallazgos a corto, mediano y largo plazo. Este se realizó en la clínica de la piel entre Julio del 2017 y Septiembre del 2018 en Lima ­ Perú. Resultado: A corto plazo se observó resultados satisfactorios en las hemicaras tratadas con PRP. Hubo una disminución en la presencia de hiperpigmentación pos inflamatoria, Eritema, edema y aparición de acné, así como un aumento en el efecto de tensado facial, atenuación de surcos naso genianos y líneas de expresión en las hemicaras tratadas con PRP. Sin embargo a largo plazo, estas últimas mejoras no son significativas en relación a la otra hemicara control. Discusión: El láser de CO2 fraccionado genera cambios histopatológicos similares a las heridas, por lo que el PRP absorbido a nivel transepidermico acelera la curación y reduce la posibilidad de aparición de efectos secundarios. Se aprecian resultados importantes en la prevención de discromías en estos fototipos. La terapia láser combinada con PRP se asocia con una mayor satisfacción frente a la monoterapia con láser. Los resultados esperados, se encuentran en etapas tempranas de recuperación, mientras que a largo plazo, no hay diferencias significativas entre ambas hemicaras. Conclusión: Estos resultados, en nuestra población de fototipo alto, sugieren que el uso inmediato del PRP post laser Co2 fraccionado, es un método eficaz para mejorar la rehabilitación y cicatrización, reduciendo el tiempo de inactividad del paciente y disminuyendo los riesgos de efectos adversos ­ secundarios, debiéndose considerar como una alternativa terapéutica eficaz como tratamiento post laser. La serie pequeña de casos presentada, deja abierta la puerta a trabajos con mayor población y seria de mucha utilidad poder contrastar los resultados obtenidos con los de futuros autores.

Introduction: The treatment with carbon dioxide (CO2) laser fractionated in high skin phototypes, can result in pigmentation disorders, persistent erythema, edema, appearance of acne outbreak, among others. Due to this, it is necessary to apply complementary techniques that minimize these adverse effects. Objective: To identify the safety, efficacy and satisfactory synergistic effects after the application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) after application of fractionated CO2 laser in the face with high phototypes, in order to diminish the adverse effects. Method: Clinical experimental study - open clinical trial - randomized with a universe of 32 hemies with phototypes IV and V of Fitzpatrick. A fractionated CO2 (CO2RE-Syneron Candela) laser was used and immediately autologous PRP was applied in the case hemifields. In controls, betamethasone and petrolatum. The photographic results were compared by showing them to 3 expert doctors without previous information so that they could determine the short, medium and long term findings in a simple scale. This was done at the skin clinic between July 2017 and September 2018 in Lima - Peru. Result: In the short term, satisfactory results were observed in the hemies treated with PRP. There was a decrease in the presence of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, erythema, edema and the appearance of acne, as well as an increase in the effect of facial tightening, attenuation of naso-genital grooves and expression lines in the hemias treated with PRP. However, in the long term, these last improvements are not significant in relation to the other control midfaces. Discussion: The fractionated CO2 laser generates histopathological changes similar to the wounds, so that the PRP absorbed at transepidermic level accelerates healing and reduces the possibility of side effects. Important results are seen in the prevention of dyschromias in these phototypes. Laser therapy combined with PRP is associated with greater satisfaction with laser monotherapy. The expected results are in early stages of recovery, while in the long term, there are no significant differences between the two midfaces. Conclusion: These results, in our population of high phototype, suggest that the immediate use of PRP post laser fractionated Co2, is an effective method to improve rehabilitation and healing, reducing the patient's downtime and decreasing the risks of adverse effects - secondary, It should be considered as an effective therapeutic alternative as post laser treatment. The small series of cases presented, leaves open the door to work with greater population and it would be very useful to be able to contrast the results obtained with those of future authors.

Split cricoídeo posterior endoscópico con injerto de cartílago costal / Endoscopic posterior cricoid split with costal cartilage graft

RESUMEN A pesar de los avances en cirugía de vía aérea, tanto abierta como endoscópica, la inmovilidad bilateral de cuerdas vocales continúa representando un desafio significativo para los cirujanos de vía aérea. Entre las alternativas quirúrgicas existen tanto abordajes endoscópicos como transcervicales, no obstante, la mayoría de estas técnicas modifican estructuralmente regiones de la cuerda vocal y/o aritenoides de manera permanente. La traqueostomía ha sido el tratamiento de elección en niños con inmovilidad bilateral de cuerdas vocales severamente sintomática, sin embargo, el procedimiento ideal debiese establecer una vía aérea adecuada evitando la necesidad de realizar una traqueostomía, y a la vez no generar un deterioro de la función fonatoria. La capacidad de expandir el aspecto glótico posterior sin modificación estructural de aritenoides y/o ligamento vocal ha convertido a la sección cricoidea posterior endoscópica con injerto de cartílago costal en una alternativa quirúrgica atractiva para estos casos. En este trabajo se realiza una revisión de la literatura y presenta un caso tratado mediante esta técnica en el Hospital Guillermo Grant Benavente de Concepción, Chile.

ABSTRACT Despite advances in both open and endoscopic airway surgery, bilateral vocal cord immobility still poses a significant challenge for airway surgeons. Among the surgical alternatives there are both endoscopic and transcervical approaches. However, most of these techniques structurally modify certain regions of the vocal cord and/or arytenoids permanently. Tracheostomy has been the treatment of choice in severely symptomatic children with bilateral immobility of vocal cords. Nevertheless, the ideal procedure should establish an adequate airway, avoiding the need to perform a tracheostomy, and at the same time not causing a deterioration of the phonatory function. The ability to expand the posterior glottis without structural modification of the arytenoids and/or vocal ligament has converted the posterior endoscopic cricoid split with costal cartilage graft into an attractive surgical alternative for these cases. In this article we review the literature and present a case treated by this technique in the Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital in Concepción, Chile.

A study on the processing of dental ceramic composites by using laser / 대한치과보철학회지

PURPOSE: The laser processability of dental prosthesis is investigated using two ceramic composites, including 3M, Lava Ultimate and Ivoclar vivadent, IPS e.max. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The CO₂ laser, picosecond laser and femtosecond laser are used to assess the processing power of dental prosthetic materials Lava Ultimate and IPS e.max and the line processing shape was measured using a confocal microscope. RESULTS: The brittleness, carbonization and micro crack of the ceramic composite were influenced by heat accumulation of the material and could be controlled by the laser power and pulse time. CONCLUSION: In the case of CO₂ lasers, micro crack and carbonation occurred immediately, and in the picosecond laser processing, the micro cracks are partially improved, but the carbonization occurs continuously. Finally, we confirmed the high efficiency of laser processing with femtosecond laser. In particular, Lava Ultimate, a ceramic resin composite material, showed the best processability when processed using a femtosecond laser.