Prevalence of Dental Caries Among Costa Rican Male Students Aged 12-22 Years Using ICDAS-II / Prevalencia de caries en varones costarricenses escolarizados de 12 a 22 años utilizando ICDAS-II

ABSTRACT: Objective: Dental decay is a public health challenge in Low- and Middle- Income Countries, particularly for young people, often confronted to healthcare access barriers. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of dental caries among young male students in Costa Rica. Study design: A cross-sectional study was performed in 428 Costa Rican male students aged 12-22 years, who attended a nonprofit social welfare boarding school in 2019. A clinical examination was ran by three calibrated examiners following the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II). Results: Caries prevalence was estimated at 83%, 15% have lost a tooth due to dental decay, 61% have at least one filled tooth, 36% have at least one filled and decayed tooth. The most frequent caries lesions were codes 2-Inactive (46.7%) and code 1-Inactive (23.8%). DMFT indicated a mean index using ICDAS-II 1-6>0 codes of 7.89. Using ICDAS-II 3-6>0 as threshold, the index decreases to 3.94. Finally, the lower and upper first permanent molars were found to be the most affected teeth. Conclusions: Dental caries experience represents a significant public health burden in young people, requiring better access to public dental healthcare.

RESUMEN: Objetivo: La caries dental continúa siendo uno de los grandes desafíos de salud pública en los países de ingresos bajos y medios, en particular para los jóvenes, que a menudo se enfrentan a barreras de acceso a la atención médica y odontológica. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la prevalencia y severidad de la caries dental entre jóvenes estudiantes varones en Costa Rica. Diseño del estudio: se realizó un estudio transversal con 428 estudiantes varones costarricenses de entre 12 y 22 años, que asistieron a un internado de asistencia social sin fines de lucro llamado Ciudad de los Niños en 2019. Tres examinadores calibrados realizaron un examen clínico siguiendo el Sistema Internacional de Detección y Evaluación de Caries. (ICDAS-II). Resultados: La prevalencia de caries se estimó en 83%, el 15% ha perdido un diente debido a caries dental, el 61% tiene al menos un diente obturado, el 36% tiene al menos un diente obturado y con caries. Las lesiones de caries más frecuentes fueron los códigos 2-Inactivo (46,7%) y el código 1-Inactivo (23,8%). CPOD indicó un índice medio utilizando códigos ICDAS-II 1-6>0 de 7,89. Usando ICDAS-II 3-6>0 como umbral, el índice disminuye a 3,94. Finalmente, los primeros molares permanentes inferiores y superiores resultaron ser los dientes más afectados. Conclusiones: La experiencia de la caries dental representa una carga de salud pública significativa en los jóvenes, que requiere un mejor acceso a la atención médica dental pública.

Correlación entre número de cepillados por día y cpod en escolares de 12 años de la parroquia El Vecino (Cuenca, Ecuador) 2016 / Correlation between the number of brushes per day and the DMFT index in 12-year-old school children from the El Vecino parish in Cuenca, Ecuador 2016

Objetivo: Correlacionar el número de cepillados por día y el índice CPOD en los escolares de 12 años de la parroquia El Vecino (Cuenca, Ecuador) en 2016. Materiales y métodos: El estudio fue de tipo comunicacional, cuantitativo, descriptivo y relacional. La población estuvo conformada por 279 fichas que pertenecen al estudio del mapa epidemiológico para los escolares de la parroquia El Vecino. La ficha de observación incluyó los siguientes datos: número de registro, edad, sexo, parroquia, índice de COPD. Resultados: En lo referente a la correlación entre el número de cepillado por día y el índice de CPOD, se demostró que existe una correlación inversa, la estadística significativa presentó un valor de p = 0,029. Conclusión: El presente estudio demostró que existe una correlación entre el número de cepillados por día y el índice CPOD. (AU)

Objective: Correlate the number of brushes per day and the decay-missing-filled teeth (DMFT) index in 12-year-old school children from the parish "El Vecino Cuenca - Ecuador 2016". Materials and Methods: The study was communicational, quantitative, descriptive and relational. The population consisted of 279 records from the study of the epidemiological map of schoolchildren in the "El Vecino" parish. The database included the registration number, age, sex, parish and DMFT Index. Results: There was an statistically significant inverse correlation between the number of brushes per day and the DMFT index with a p value = 0.029. Conclusion: The present study shows that there is a correlation between the number of brushes per day and the DMFT index. (AU)

Índice CPOD y limitación para hablar con claridad en escolares de 12 años, Cuenca-Ecuador / DMFT index and limitation in speaking clearly in 12-year-old schoolchildren, Cuenca, Ecuador

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre CPO-D y la limitación autopercibida para hablar claro en escolares de 12 años de la parroquia El Batán (Cuenca, Ecuador). Materiales y métodos: Fue un estudio observacional, con un nivel relacional retrospectivo, que estuvo conformado por 154 fichas, que corresponde a 104 niñas y 50 niños. Se analizó las variables CPO-D y la limitación para hablar claro mediante estadística descriptiva, y la correlación se halló mediante la prueba estadística de Tau-b de Kendall. Resultados: El índice CPO-D, en general, fue muy bajo, con el 32,5%, seguido por el medio, con el 29,5%. El impacto de la limitación para hablar claro afectó al 35,6% para el sexo femenino y el 46,0% para el masculino. La relación fue significativa (p = 0,000) entre el CPO-D y la limitación para hablar claro, y su asociación fue baja y positiva (0,301). De acuerdo con el sexo, también mostró significancia y su asociación fue media para los niños (0,413) y baja para las niñas (0,261). Conclusión: Cerca de la tercera parte de los escolares mostró un índice bajo y medio de CPO-D. En cuanto a la limitación para hablar claro, menos de la tercera parte exhibió mucha limitación. Se encontró una correlación: entre mayor índice de caries dental mayor será la limitación autopercibida para hablar claro, aunque esta asociación fue baja, y afectó más a los niños que a las niñas de esta área urbana. (AU)

Objective: To determine the relationship between the decayed/missing/filled teeth (DMFT) index and self-perceived limitation in speaking clearly in 12-year-old schoolchildren from the ̈El Batán ̈ parish in Cuenca-Ecuador. Materials and methods: This was an observational study, with a retrospective relational level, consisting of 154 reports, corresponding to 104 girls and 50 boys. The DMFT variables and limitation to speak clearly were analyzed by descriptive statistics and correlation was determined by means of the Kendall's Tau-b statistical test. Results: The DMFT index was very low with 32.5%, followed by a medium of 29.5%; while the impact of the limitation to speak clearly affected 35.6% of the females and 46.0% of the males. The relationship between the DMFT index and the limitation to speak clearly was significant (p = 0.000), with a low positive association (0.301). It was also significant according to gender and with a medium association for boys (0.413) and low association for girls (0.261). Conclusion: About one third of schoolchildren showed a low and medium DMFT index. Less than one third of the children studied reported some limitation to speak clearly. There was a correlation between a higher index of dental cavities and a greater self-perceived limitation to speak clearly, although this association was low, affecting boys more frequently than girls in this urban area. (AU)

Cárie dentária e fatores associados aos 12 anos na Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil em 2010: um estudo transversal / Dental caries and associated factors at age 12 in the Brazilian

Resumo O objetivo do estudo é analisar o índice de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPO-D) na idade de 12 anos da Região Centro-Oeste e identificar fatores associados, segundo a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal, o SB Brasil 2010. É um estudo transversal de base populacional do banco de dados do SB Brasil 2010, realizado nas capitais de Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás, Distrito Federal e uma amostra de municípios da região. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste de qui-quadrado e razões de prevalências com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança, a um nível de significância de 0,05. A regressão de Poisson foi empregada na análise múltipla para analisar a associação entre a variável desfecho e as variáveis explicativas. As variáveis independentes que se mostraram associadas ao CPO-D foram: o estado de moradia em Mato Grosso, Goiás e Mato Grosso do Sul; a renda per capita ≤ R$500,00; dificuldade para comer e dormir, e o motivo da consulta por Dor/Extração/Tratamento/Outros. A média do índice CPO-D foi de 2,14 e a prevalência da cárie dental foi de 41% dos adolescentes.

Abstract This study aims to analyze the index of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) at age 12 in the Midwest Region and to identify associated factors, according to the National Oral Health Survey "SB Brasil 2010". This is a cross-sectional population-based study from the SB Brasil 2010 database, conducted in the capitals of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás, Federal District and a sample of municipalities in the region. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test and prevalence ratios with their respective confidence intervals, at a significance level of 5%. The Poisson regression was used in the multiple analysis to study the association between the outcome variable and the explanatory variables. The independent variables that were associated with the DMFT were: the state of residence in Mato Grosso, Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul; the per capita income ≤ R$500.00; difficulties eating and sleeping, and reason for the visit was Pain/Extraction/Treatment/Other. Mean DMFT was 2.14 and the prevalence of dental caries affected 41% of adolescents.

Prevalencia de enfermedades bucodentales en escolares de 6, 12 y 15 años en Islay (Arequipa, Perú) / Prevalence of oral diseases in schoolchildren of 6, 12 and 15 years old in Islay (Arequipa-Peru)

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de enfermedades bucodentales en niños de 6, 12 y 15 años en Islay, Arequipa. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 360 estudiantes de 6, 12 y 15 años, de ambos sexos, que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. El nivel de confianza se determinó en un 95% y el margen de error en un 5%. Para evaluar las patologías orales, se utilizó los índices de IHO-S, IHOS-M, IPC-M, CPOD, ceod, el de la OMS y el de Dean. Los estudiantes fueron examinados visual y clínicamente. Resultados: Con referencia al IHO-S: buena higiene,72,5% en deciduos, 63,3% en permanentes; regular higiene, 27,5% en deciduos, 35,0% en permanentes; mala higiene, 1,7% en permanentes, existe diferencia significativa en cuanto a la edad. El CPOD fue de 6,71 cariados, 0,14 perdidos, 1,44 obturados y un promedio de 8,29; existe diferencia significativa según la edad. De acuerdo con el IPC-M, el 81,4% padece de gingivitis; el 57,5%, periodontitis; el 4,2%, periodontitis severa, y hay diferencias significativas según la edad. Las maloclusiones: oclusión normal, 38,9%; maloclusión leve, 38,6%, y moderada o severa, 22,5%; el 61,1% padece de maloclusiones. Respecto de la fluorosis, el 34,7% no presentó lesión; fluorosis cuestionable, 15%; fluorosis muy leve, 30,3%; fluorosis leve, 11,7%; fluorosis moderada, 1,1%; la prevalencia fue del 58,1%. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de enfermedades bucodentales es elevada y el riesgo de caries dental es alto. Se observa una regular y mala higiene en la dentición permanente. El porcentaje de gingivitis es alto. Las maloclusiones están en el rango de leve a moderado. La fluorosis dental está en un rango de muy leve. (AU)

Objective: To determine the prevalence of oral diseases in children 6, 12 and 15 years old in Islay, Arequipa. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 360 students of 6, 12 and 15 years of age of both sexes who met the inclusion criteria. The level of confidence was determined at 95% and the margin of error at 5%. To evaluate oral pathologies, the OHI-S, OHI-M, mPI/PI, DMFT, DMFS, the WHO and the Dean index were used. The students were examined visually and clinically. Results: Regarding IHO-S: good hygiene was observed in 72.5% in deciduous and 63.3% in permanent teeth; regular hygiene was found in 27.5% in deciduous and 35.0% in permanent teeth with poor hygiene in 1.7% in permanent teeth and significant differences in age. The CPOD showed 6.71 carious, 0.14 lost, 1.44 blocked and an average of 8.29 with significant differences in relation toage. According to the IPC-M, 81.4% had gingivitis, 57.5% periodontitis, 4.2 % severe periodontitis, with significant differences for age. Malocclusions included: normal occlusion 38.9%, mild malocclusion 38.6% and moderate or severe 22.5%; 61.1 % had malocclusions. In relation to fluorosis, 34.7% had no lesion, 15% questionable fluorosis, 30.3% very mild fluorosis, 11.7% mild fluorosis, and 1.1% moderate fluorosis with a prevalence of 58.1%. Conclusions: The prevalence of oral diseases and the risk of dental caries are high in children, with regular and poor hygiene being observed in permanent dentition. The percentage of gingivitis is high. The prevalence of malocclusions ranges from mild to moderate while the prevalence of dental fluorosisis is low. (AU)

Prevalência e severidade da cárie dentária em escolares do Ensino Fundamental de um município vulnerável / Prevalence and severity of dental caries in elementary school students in a vulnerable municipality

Resumo Introdução A cárie dentária ainda é um problema de saúde pública na maioria dos países industrializados, com maior prevalência nas populações mais vulneráveis socioeconomicamente. Objetivo Avaliar a prevalência e a severidade da cárie dentária, e as ações curativas realizadas em escolares de 6 a 14 anos do Ensino Fundamental durante quatro meses de intervenção. Material e método Estudo transversal foi realizado com 130 escolares do município de Sarandi-PR. Para o diagnóstico da cárie dentária, foram utilizados os índices ceo-d, CPO-D e ICDAS II. Os escolares receberam atendimento curativo de acordo com as necessidades apresentadas, associado a atividades educativas preventivas. Resultado A prevalência de cárie dentária foi de 70% e 83%, segundo os índice ceo-d/CPO-D e ICDAS II, respectivamente. Os códigos referentes ao ICDAS II com maior prevalência foram ICDAS 5 e 6 (1,57% e 3,69%, respectivamente), enquanto o código 4 foi o de menor prevalência (0,30%). A maioria dos tratamentos restauradores foi realizada pela técnica de Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (ART) (150 restaurações). Foram realizadas 90 aplicações de verniz fluoretado em lesões iniciais de cárie. Os tratamentos de maior complexidade foram encaminhados para a Unidade Básica de Saúde do município. Dos 32 escolares referenciados, 21 compareceram e nestes foram realizados tratamentos endodônticos e exodontias de dentes decíduos e permanentes. Conclusão A população estudada apresenta prevalência alta de cárie e, após quatro meses de intervenção, observou-se que o ART foi resolutivo para a maioria das necessidades de tratamento (59,2%), apresentando-se como uma estratégia eficiente que pode ser implementada em locais que não oferecem a estrutura de um consultório odontológico.

Abstract Introduction Dental caries is still a public health problem in most industrialized countries, with a higher prevalence in the most socioeconomically vulnerable populations. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of dental caries and curative actions performed in students from 6 to 14 years of elementary school during four months of intervention. Material and method Cross-sectional study was conducted with 130 students from Sarandi / PR. To diagnose dental caries, dmft, DMFT and ICDAS II indices were used. The students received curative care according to the needs presented associated with preventive educational activities. Result The prevalence of dental caries was 70% and 83% according to the ceo-d / CPO-D and ICDAS II index, respectively. The codes for ICDAS II with thw highest prevalence were ICDAS 5 and 6 (1.57% and 3.69% respectively), while Code 4 was the least prevalent (0.30%).Most restorative treatments were performed by the ART technique (150 restorations). Ninety applications of fluoride varnish were performed on initial carious lesions. The most complex treatments were referred to the Basic Health Unit of the municipality. Of the 32 students referred, 21 attended and endodontic treatments and primary and permanent teeth extraction were performed. Conclusion The studied population has a high prevalence of caries and after four months of intervention, it was observed that ART was decisive for most treatment needs (59.2%), presenting itself as an efficient strategy that can be implemented in places that do not offer the structure of a dental office.

Métodos para detectar a doença cárie em populações: uma revisão da literatura / Methods to detect caries disease in populations: a review of the literature

Introdução: métodos para mensurar a cárie são essenciais na produção do conhecimento sobre a doença, na observação da sua distribuição nos diferentes lugares e populações, na investigação dos fatores de risco, bem como no adequado planejamento em saúde bucal. Objetivo: realizar uma revisão de literatura no intuito de atualizar o conhecimento científico produzido sobre este tema nos últimos dez anos de forma a contribuir para a escolha do melhor método para mensurar cárie em populações. Metodologia: pesquisou-se nas bases de dados SciELO e PubMed os descritores, cárie dentária, índice CPO, inquérito epidemiológico de cárie. O critério de seleção dos artigos foi a proposição de um novo método para mensurar cárie. Resultados: foram selecionados 12 estudos que utilizaram diferentes métodos, foram descritas as vantagens e ou desvantagens de cada um deles. Conclusão: a existência na literatura de tantos novos métodos demonstra que não existe um consenso a respeito de qual é o melhor para mensurar a cárie, dificultando a comparação dos resultados entre as populações

Introduction: methods for measuring caries are essential for the detection of caries in epidemiological surveys in population groups. These methods are important in the production of knowledge about the disease, in the investigation of risk factors, as well as in oral health planning. Objective: to carry out a literature review to update the knowledge on the subject with articles produced in the last 10 years. Methodology: the descriptors, DMF index, caries dental; caries health surveys were searched in the SciELO and PubMed databases The criterion of selection of the articles was the proposition of a new method to measure caries. Results: we selected 12 studies and described the advantages and disadvantages of each one. Conclusion: the existence in the literature of so many new methods demonstrates that there is no consensus on the best way to measure caries, making it difficult to compare results among populations

Prevalencia de caries y factores asociados: estudio transversal en estudiantes de preparatoria de Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México / Prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study among preparatory (high school) students from Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico

RESUMEN Introducción: La caries dental es el principal problema bucal que afecta a casi toda la población. La niñez y juventud son etapas cruciales para adquirir el hábito de higiene bucal adecuada y evitar daños a la cavidad oral en la edad adulta. Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de caries y los factores asociados en estudiantes de educación media superior de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal en estudiantes de tres escuelas preparatorias de Chilpancingo, Gro. Un cuestionario autoadministrado preguntó sobre datos sociodemográficos, hábitos de higiene dental y la presencia de caries se definió a partir del índice CPOD (diente cariado, perdido y obturado). Se estimó razón de momios e intervalo de confianza de 95% como medida de asociación de los factores de riesgo. La estimación de las asociaciones en el análisis multivariado fue ajustada por el efecto del conglomerado. Resultados: La prevalencia de caries fue 91% (1,300/1,424), 18% (245/1,424) de los estudiantes tuvo obturados, 5% (67/1,424) tuvo una o más piezas dentales perdidas. El índice CPOD fue 5.31. Dos factores se asociaron con la presencia de caries: consumo de frituras, refrescos y golosinas (RMa 2.43, IC 95% 1.45-4.09), y la poca importancia dada a la salud bucal (RMa 1.48, IC 95% 1.01-2.18). Conclusiones: La prevalencia encontrada está en el rango de los reportes internacionales. Los dos factores asociados con la caries dental orientan qué acciones deben promoverse para el cuidado de la salud bucal en los estudiantes de educación media superior de la UAGro.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tooth decay is the most important oral health problem affecting almost the whole population. Childhood and youth are crucial stages to acquire habits of proper oral hygiene to prevent damage to the oral cavity in adulthood. Objective: To measure the prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors in students of middle education (preparatory school) at the Autonomous University of Guerrero (UAGro). Methods: Cross-sectional study including students from three preparatory schools (high schools) in Chilpancingo, Guerrero. A self-administered questionnaire collected sociodemographic and dental hygiene information; the presence of caries was defined according to the DMFT index (decayed, filled, and missing teeth). Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were estimated as measures of association for risk factors. Estimated associations in the multivariate analysis were adjusted by cluster effect. Results: The prevalence of caries was 91% (1,300/1,424); 18% (245/1,424) of students had filled teeth and 5% (67/1,424) had one or more missing teeth. A DMFT index score of 5.31 was found. Two factors were associated with the presence of caries: intake of snacks, sweets, and soft drinks (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.45-4.09) and little attention to oral health (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.01-2.18). Conclusions: The caries prevalence is in the range of international reports. The two factors associated with tooth decay should guide the actions to be implemented for promoting oral health among UAGro students of middle education.

Prevalencia de caries dental y necesidades de tratamiento según ICDAS y CPO en escolares de El Salvador / Dental cavity and treatment needs prevalence according to ICDAS and DMF in schools of El Salvador / Prevalência de cáries dentárias e necessidade de tratamento de acordo com ICDAS e CPO nas escolas de El Salvador / Prévalence des caries dentaires et des besoins de soins chez les écoliers du Salvador selon l'ICDAS et le CAO

Resumen Objetivo: Comparar la prevalencia de caries dental y necesidades de tratamiento según criterios International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) y CPO-D, en niños de 7-8 años de Centros Escolares públicos rurales pertenecientes a 16 municipios de El Salvador. Materiales y métodos: El diseño corresponde a una investigación epidemiológica descriptiva transversal realizada a partir de las historias clínicas de 420 escolares de 7 - 8 años de zonas rurales de El Salvador; el diagnóstico de caries se estableció con base en criterios ICDAS. Las variables analizadas fueron: prevalencia de caries y necesidades de tratamientos. El CPO-D/ceo-d se estableció excluyendo las fases precavitacionales de la enfermedad, se empleó T de Student para probar las diferencias de las medias entre índices y la Prueba de Levene para evaluar la igualdad de las varianzas. La significación estadística fue fijada en p <0,05. Resultados: Según ICDAS, cada niño presentó un promedio de 9.52 dientes afectados por caries y 6.24 según CPO. La diferencia encontrada entre índices es significativa en dientes permanentes y en primarios (p<0,05). Los diagnósticos según criterios ICDAS, generaron 4,269 necesidades de tratamientos curativos y 4,475 preventivos; mientras que con CPO, 2,997 tratamientos curativos y ningún preventivo. Conclusiones: ICDAS reflejó una mayor afectación por caries al considerar los estadios precavitacionales; por tanto, permite establecer una diversidad de tratamientos preventivos y de limitación del daño, que, en su mayoría, no es posible indicar con CPO.

Abstract Objective: To compare the prevalence of dental cavity and treatment needs according to International Cavity Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and DMF, in 7-8 years old children of rural public school centers belonging to 16 municipal towns of El Salvador. Materials and methods: The design corresponds to a transversal descriptive epidemiological investigation made from clinical histories of 7-8 year- old schoolchildren in rural areas of El Salvador; the diagnosis of dental cavities was established based on ICDAS criteria. The variables analyzed were: caries prevalence and treatment needs. The DMF-T/ dmf-t was established, excluding the precavitation phases of the disease, Student's T was used to test the differences of the means between indexes and the Levene test to evaluate the equality of the variances. The statistical significance was set at p <0.05. Results: According to ICDAS, each child presented an average of 9.52 teeth affected by caries and, according to DMF, 6.24. The difference found between indexes is significant in permanent teeth and in primary teeth (p<0,05). Diagnoses according to ICDAS criteria, generated 4269 needs for curative treatments and 4475 preventive ones; while with DMF, 2997 curative treatments and no preventive ones. Conclusions: ICDAS reflected a higher affectation by dental cavities when considering the precavitation stages; therefore, it allows establishing a diversity of preventive treatments and damage limitation; which, mostly, it is not possible to indicate with DMF.

Resumo Objetivo: Comparar a prevalência de cáries dentárias e necessidade de tratamento de acordo com os critérios do International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) e da CPO, em criabas de 7 a 8 años de escolas públicas em áreas rurais pertencentes a 16 municipios de El Salvador. Materiais e métodos: O projeto corresponde a uma investigação epidemiológica descritiva transversal, realizada a partir da história clínicas de 420 alunos de 7 a 8 anos de áreas rurais de El Salvador. O diagnóstico de cárie foi estabelecido com base nos critérios do ICDAS. As variáveis analisadas foram: a prevalencia de cárie e a necessidade de tratamento. O CPO-D/ceo-d foi estabelecido excluindo as fases pré-cavitacionais da doença. Utilizou- se o teste t de student para comparar as médias dos índices e o teste de levene teste de Levene para a igualdade de variançias. A significancia estatística foi definida em p <0,05. Resultados: De acordo com o ICDAS, cada criaba apresentou em média de 9,52 dentes afetados por cáries e 6,24 de acordo com CPO. A diferen9a encontrada entre os índices é significativa nos dentes definitivos e nos primeiros dentes (p<0,05). Os diagnósticos, de acordo com os critérios do ICDAS, criaram 4269 necessidades para tratamentos curativos e 4475 preventivos; mas com os de CPO, apenas 2997 tratamentos curativos e nenhum preventivo. Conclusões: O ICDAS demostrou maior quantidade de dentes afetados por cárie ao considerar as etapas pré-cavitacionais; no entanto, permite estabelecer uma diversidade de tratamentos preventivos e de limitação de danos que, na maior parte das vezes, náo é possível estabelecer com CPO.

Résumé Objectif: Comparer la prévalence des caries dentaires et des besoins de soins selon les criteres du International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) et du CAO-D, chez les enfants de 7 a 8 ans de centres scolaires publiques ruraux de 16 municipalités du Salvador. Matériels et méthodes: L'étude est épidémiologique, transversale et descriptive. Elle a été réalisée à partir de l'histoire clinique de 420 écoliers de 7 a 8 ans, de zones rurales du Salvador. Le diagnostic de caries a été établi sur la base des critères ICDAS. Les variables analysées sont la prévalence de caries et les besoins de soins. Le CAO-D / ceo-d a été établi en excluant les stades pré-cavitaires de la maladie. Le test de Student a été utilisé pour comparer les moyennes obtenues pour les indices et le test de Levene pour évaluer l'égalité des variances. La signification statistique a été fixée à p <0,05. Résultats: Selon l'ICDAS, chaque enfant présentait en moyenne 9,52 dents cariées; et selon le CAO 6,24. La différence entre les indices est significative pour les dents permanentes et les primaires (p <0,05). Les diagnostics selon les criteres ICDAS, ont permis d'identifier 4269 besoins de soins curatifs et 4475 préventifs; avec le CAO, 2997 soins curatifs et aucun soins préventif. Conclusions: L'ICDAS a permis de détecter plus d'affectations par caries en raison de sa prise en compte des stades pré-cavitaires; il permet donc d'établir une grande diversité de soins préventifs pour limiter les dommages, ce qui est généralement impossible avec le CAO.

Dental caries in adolescents and its association with their use of dental services

Objective: To assess the association between dental caries in adolescents and the use of dental care services in Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study based on secondary data obtained in the last two National Oral Health Surveys (2003 - 2010), considering the estimated prevalence of dental caries and dental hygiene in adolescents aged 15 to 19 years and dental care services. Results: In Brazil, the dental care index (DCI) has increased on average from 41.2 (2003) to 50.8 (2010). The dental mutilation index (DMI) has decreased on average from 11.7 (2003) to 7.4 (2010). The healthy permanent teeth index (HPTI) showed an increase of 4.9% in the above period. In 2010, the Central West was the only region in the country to show a decrease in the dental care index (DCI). Conclusion: There have been quantitative improvements in regard to dental restoration (dental care), and qualitative improvements in what concerns to tooth loss in the oral health of Brazilian adolescents.

Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre cárie dentária em adolescentes e a utilização de serviços odontológicos no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal, baseado em dados secundários relativos às duas últimas Pesquisas Nacionais de Saúde Bucal (2003 ­ 2010), considerando a prevalência estimada de cárie dentária e higidez dental em adolescentes (15 a 19 anos) e a assistência odontológica. Resultados: Para o Brasil, o índice de cuidados odontológicos (ICO) registra um aumento, na média, de 41,2 (2003) para 50,8 (2010); o índice de mutilação dental (IMD), uma diminuição, na média, de 11,7 (2003) para 7,4 (2010); quanto à média de dentes permanentes hígidos, um aumento de 4,9% para o período analisado. Em 2010, a região Centro-Oeste do Brasil é a única que sofre redução, em relação ao índice de cuidados odontológicos. Conclusão: Há melhorias, ao menos quantitativamente, quando se analisa a questão do cuidado odontológico por meio do componente restaurado, e qualitativamente na redução do componente perdido, na saúde bucal de adolescentes brasileiros.

Comportamiento epidemiológico de la caries dental en pacientes adultos que asisten a las clínicas de Operatoria Dental II en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras en el Valle de Sula, durante el primer periodo académico comprendido de febrero a mayo del 2018 / Epidemiological behavior of dental caries in adult patients attending Dental Operative II clinics at the National Autonomous University of Honduras in the Sula Valley, during the first academic period from February to May 2018

OBJETIVO: Describir el comportamiento epidemiológico de la caries dental en pacientes adultos que asisten a las clínicas de Operatoria Dental II en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras en el Valle de Sula, durante el primer periodo académico comprendido de febrero a mayo del 2018. DISEÑO: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con una muestra de 230 pacientes en total. Se escogieron a los pacientes de acuerdo con criterios tales como asistir a las clínicas por primera vez, tener entre 18 y 64 años y que llegaran a la clínica durante el primer periodo académico del 2018. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 230 pacientes representados en un 57.8% por pacientes entre 18-34 años, 59.1% correspondió a mujeres que presentaron caries dental. El 86.1% refirió proceder del área urbana con un nivel de escolaridad superior representado por el 36.5%. Se encontró un índice de CPO-D muy alto indicando un 13.94 según cuantificación de la OMS. Dentro de los antecedentes patológicos se encontró que estos no presentaron gran relevancia en los pacientes. En el caso de los antecedentes no patológicos se encontró que el 67.82% de la muestra presento higiene oral deficiente, así como consumo de azúcar a diario. CONCLUSIONES: Se encontró un índice de CPO-D muy alto, afectando más a las mujeres entre 25 a 34 años. Los antecedentes patológicos no influyen significativamente en los pacientes atendidos para la aparición de caries, sin embargo, hay un porcentaje a tomar en cuenta en cuanto a padecimiento de estrés y enfermedad de reflujo gastroesofágico. Dentro de los antecedentes no patológicos que influyen para la aparición de caries se encontró que la higiene oral de los pacientes es deficiente, sin embargo, la totalidad de la muestra utiliza cepillo dental con una frecuencia de cepillado muy buena, aunque hay un bajo uso de auxiliares de higiene oral

Salud bucodental y utilización de servicios Odontológicos / Oral health and dental health service use

En el Paraguay, los datos epidemiológicos sobre la salud bucodental y la utilización de los servicios en adultos son limitados, de ahí, la urgente necesidad de generar información para diseñar y establecer programas de salud pública acordes a las necesidades de dicha población. El objetivo de este estudio transversal retrospectivo fue determinar la situación de salud bucodental y el patrón de utilización de los servicios odontológicos de los pacientes atendidos en las cátedras de Operatoria Dental II y III de la carrera de Odontología de la Universidad Católica-Campus de Itapúa. La muestra incluyó 411 historias clínicas odontológicas de pacientes atendidos entre 2014 y 2017. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 28 años. La prevalencia de caries fue del 94,6%. El Índice de dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados promedio fue de 13,2 (DE± 6,9), siendo el mayor componente el de dientes cariados (7,0±4,5), seguido por el de dientes perdidos (4,4±5,7). Un alto porcentaje (77%) de los pacientes no tenía seguro médico al momento de consultar. El motivo de consulta actual del 42% fue la estética y el 64% sólo consulta al dentista cuando necesita. El valor promedio del índice de dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados (13,2) es catalogado como grave. El predominio de los componentes dientes cariados y perdidos es indicativo de un limitado acceso a los servicios odontológicos y tratamientos restauradores. Se requiere la instauración de estrategias de promoción de la salud y prevención de las afecciones bucodentales enmarcadas dentro de programas desde el primer nivel de atención.

In Paraguay, epidemiological data on the oral health situation and the use of dental care services by adult are limited, hence the urgent need to generate relevant information to design and establish public health programs in accordance with the needs of the population. The objective of this cross-sectional retrospective study was to determine the oral health situation and the pattern of utilization of the dental services of the patients treated in the Dental Operatory Chairs II and III of the Odontology program at the Catholic University-Campus of Itapúa. The sample consisted of 411 clinical records of patients treated between 2014 and 2017. The average age of patients was 28 years. The prevalence of caries was 94.6%. The index of decayed, missing and filled teeth was 13.2 (±6.9). The largest component was decayed teeth (7.0±4.5), followed by teeth lost (4.4±5.7). A high percentage (77%) of patients did not have health insurance at the time of consultation. The main reason for current consultation was aesthetics (42%) and 64% of participants only attends dentist when needed. The average index of decayed, missing and filled teeth (13.2) is classified as severe. The predominance of decayed and missing teeth components is indicative of limited access to the use of dental services and restorative treatments. It is necessary to establish strategies for health promotion and prevention of oral diseases as part of the programs from the first care level.

Estado de dentición y su impacto en la calidad de vida en adultos mayores / State of dentition and its impact on quality of life in the elderly

Resumen Introducción y objetivo: La mayoría de adultos mayores enfrentan problemas para comer y relacionarse con los demás debido a las alteraciones que presentan en la boca, lo que afecta su satisfacción y su calidad de vida. Determinar el estado de la dentición de los alumnos de la Universidad de la Tercera Edad de la Ciudad de México y asociarlo con la calidad de vida. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo. Se realizó evaluación clínica mediante el registro CPOD y presencia de edentulismo. Se aplicó el cuestionario Perfil de Impacto de Salud Bucal OHIP-14, para evaluar calidad de vida. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman, nivel de significancia de 0,05, programa SPSS. Versión 22. Resultados: Se incluyeron 100 adultos mayores con promedio de edad de 68,2. ± 5,02. En el índice CPOD, se obtuvo una media de 1,04 para dientes cariados, 7,9 para dientes perdidos y 4,9 para dientes obturados. En el perfil de impacto, las dimensiones mayormente afectadas fueron la limitación funcional con media de 2,33 y el malestar psicológico con 1,67. Al correlacionar el estado de dentición y la calidad de vida se obtuvo coeficiente de correlación de Spearman de 0,312 con una p= 0,002. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos en esta población, reflejan un mejor estado de dentición que los reportados por otros autores, se obtuvo asociación estadística pero con baja correlación entre el estado de dentición y la mayoría de las dimensiones de calidad de vida.

Abstract Introduction and objectives: Most elderly face trouble to eat and to relate with others, due to alterations presented in the mouth, which affects their satisfaction and quality of life.To determine the condition of the dentition of the students of a University of the Third Age of the City of Mexico and to associate it with the quality of life. Material and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Clinical evaluation was performed through the DMFT registry and presence of Edentulous. Oral health impact profile OHIP-14 was applied to evaluate quality of life. Statistical Analysis with Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.05. SPSS v. 22. Results: 100 elderly were included with an average age of 68.2± 5.02. In the DMFT index a 1.04 median for carious teeth was obtained, 7.9 for lost teeth and 4.9 for filled teeth. At the profile impact, the most affected dimensions were the functional limitation with a 2.33 median, psychological discomfort with 1.67. By correlating dentition status and quality of life, Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.312 with p=0.002 was obtained. Conclusions: The results obtained in this population, reflect a better dentition state than those reported by other authors, statistical association was obtained but with a low correlation between the state of dentition and most of the dimensions of quality of life.

Relación entre los conocimientos de los padres con hijos adolescentes con discapacidad intelectual con la caries e higiene oral / Relationship between knowledge of parents with teenage children with intellectual disablities with caries and oral hygiene

El objetivo fue de conocer la relación entre conocimientos sobre caries dental e higiene oral de los padres o tutores entre el Índice IHOS y el índice CPOD en los pacientes adolescentes con discapacidad intelectual atendidos en el servicio de Odontoestomatología del Hospital Hermilio Valdizán (Hospital Psiquiátrico en Lima Perú), en el periodo de Abril - Octubre del 2015. Material y Método: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, transversal y observacional. La muestra fue de 167 adolescentes. Además se registró datos socios demográficos, donde se evaluó edad del padre o tutor, grado de instrucción del padre o tutor distrito donde reside, edad del adolescente, grado de instrucción del adolescente y diagnóstico de discapacidad mental. Se elaboró un instrumento conocimientos sobre caries dental e higiene oral validado por juicio de expertos, índice CPOD e Índice IHOs Resultados: El 61.08% eran de sexo masculino, mientras el 38.92% era femenino. El mayor rango de edad de los padres y tutores era 40-50 años, mientras en los adolescentes 15 años. Se encontró un CPOD de 7.5 y un índice IHOS de regular con 56.29%. El 22.75% tenía problemas de depresión, el 20.97% trastornos hípercinéticos, el 19.76%. Conclusiones: La discapacidad intelectual en cualquiera que sea, influye en la higiene oral y la aparición de caries dental. El conocimiento sobre la caries dental no influye en la aparición de las mismas, sin embargo el conocimiento sobre higiene oral influye significativamente sobre la aparición de problemas gingivo periodontales. (AU)

The objective: was to know the relationship between knowledge about dental caries and oral hygiene parents or guardians between the OHI index and DMFT in adolescent patients with intellectual disabilities attended in the service Odontoestomatology Hospital Hermilio Valdizán (Psychiatric Hospital in Lima, Peru) in the period from April to October 2015. Material and Methods: A descriptive study , cross-sectional observational performed. The sample consisted of 167 adolescents. In addition demographic data partners , where the parent or guardian age , level of education of the parent or guardian resident district , adolescent age , level of education of adolescents and diagnosis of mental disability was assessed it was recorded. an instrument knowledge about dental caries and oral hygiene validated by expert judgment , DMFT and OHI index was developed. Results: 61.08 % were male, while the female was 38.92%. The largest age range of parents and guardians was 40-50 years, while in adolescents 15 years. 7.5 DMFT and OHI-S index regularly with 56.29 % was found. The 22.75 % had problems with depression, 20.97% hyperkinetic disorders, 19,76%. Conclusions: Intellectual disability is whatever influences the oral hygiene and the development of dental caries. Knowledge on dental caries does not affect the appearance of the same; however the knowledge abo ut oral hygiene significantly influences the appearance of gingival periodontal problems. (AU)

Caries dental y microorganismos asociados a la caries en la saliva de los alumnos del primer año de la Facultad de Odontología, UNAM / Dental caries and caries-associated mechanisms found in the saliva of first year students at the School of Dentistry, UNAM (National Autonomous University of Mexico)

Se estudiaron 380 alumnos del primer año en la Facultad de Odontología (n = 380) (periodo 2012-2013) a fin de determinar el índice CPOD y relacionar si la caries está asociada con los microorganismos Streptococcus y Lactobacillus. El índice CPOD (cariado, perdido y obturado) se registró usando los parámetros de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se tomaron muestras de saliva de cada alumno y se determinaron las unidades formadoras de colonias de Streptococcus y Lactobacillus. La media de los índices CPOD fue de 7.25 ± 4.59. Las mujeres (n = 278) y hombres (n = 102) presentaron una media de índices CPOD de 7.11 ± 4.66 y 7.29 ± 4.57, respectivamente. Encontramos que los alumnos de 19 años presentaron menos caries que los estudiantes de otras edades. Tanto Streptococcus y Lactobacillus se correlacionaron significativamente entre sí, así como en la incidencia de caries. Un incremento en el número de estos microorganismos, especialmente de Streptococcus mutans, se asociaron con el incremento en CPOD.

Three hundred and eighty first year students of the National School of Dentistry (UNAM) (n = 380) (academic year 2012-2013), were assessed targeting determination of DMFT (decayed, missing, lost teeth) index as well as to establish a relationship of whether caries is associated to Lactobacillus and Streptococcus microorganisms. DMFT index was recorded using World Health Organization (WHO) parameters. Samples of all students were taken and colony-forming units of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus were determined. DMFT indexes mean was established at 7.25 ± 4.59. Females (n = 278) and males (n = 102) exhibited mean DMFT indexes of 7.11 ± 4.66 and 7.29 ± 4.57 respectively. Results revealed that 19 year old students exhibited lesser amounts of caries than students of other ages. Both Streptococcus and Lactobacillus were significantly correlated to each other as well as to caries incidence. Increase in the number of the aforementioned micro-organisms, especially Streptococcus mutans, were associated to DMFT increase.

Estado de salud bucodental y dieta de niños de la comunidad indígena de pykasú del chaco paraguayo / Dental health status and diet of indigenous children fromthe pykasu community of the paraguayan chaco

Los indígenas de la comunidad de Pykasú del Chaco Paraguayo (etnia Guaraní Ñandéva) no tienen acceso a los servicios de salud bucal por los problemas de distancia y las condiciones viales. Este estudio observacional descriptivo transversal tuvo como objetivo determinar el estado de salud bucodental y dieta de 57 niños de 3 a 13 años de dicha comunidad, utilizando los índices ceod y CPOD, IHO-S y el índice de hemorragia del surco de Mühlemann. La media del ceod en la dentición decidua fue alta (5), en la dentición mixta los valores de ceod fueron moderados (3.5) y el CPOD bajo (1.6), y en la permanente el CPOD fue moderado (3.6) según la escala de la OMS. En cuanto a la escala IHOS, el 65% de la población tenía un valor del índice considerado como regular. Un alto porcentaje de la población (94,8%) presentó hemorragia al sondaje mayor al 10% de las superficies de los dientes sondados. La dieta era equilibrada y el consumo de azúcares y almidones refinados poco frecuente, además del consumo de frutos de la zona de alto contenido de fibras como el algarrobo que es consumido por todos los niños, en su mayoría más de 6 vainas al día.

The indigenous people of the community of Pykasu of the Paraguayan Chaco (ethnicgroup Guaraní Ñandeva) have no access to oral health problems due to distance and roadconditions. This descriptive cross-sectional observational study aimed to determine the oralhealth status and diet of 57 children in this community between 3 and 13 years, using DMFsand DMFT indices, OHI-S and Mühlemann Groove bleeding rate. The average of the DMFs inthe deciduous dentition was high (5), in the mixed dentition DMFs values were moderate(3.5) and DMFT low (1.6) while DMFT values were moderate in the permanent one (3.6)according to the scale of the WHO. In relation to OHI-S scale, the majority of subjects(65%) has an index value considered to be regular. The majority of the population (94.8%)presented hemorrhage on probing greater than 10% of the surfaces of the probed teeth.The diet was balanced and the consumption of sugars and starches refined was littlefrequent, as well as consumption of fruits of the area with high fiber content like the carobtree which is consumed by 100% of the children, mostly more than 6 pods a day.

The caries experience and dentistry following evaluation of children submitted to antineoplastic therapy

Aim: To evaluate the caries experience and the dentistry following of children submitted to antineoplastic therapy of a reference Hospital to this type of treatment in Para state, Brazil. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 46 children. It was included children in the ages of 2 to 12 years diagnosed with cancer that would be submitted to chemotherapy treatment. The evaluation was performed before the chemotherapy treatment and consisted of anamnesis and oral clinical examination. In order to decrease the interexaminer diagnosis variability and increase the data surveys confidentiality, a previous training and calibration was performed before the beginning of the examination. Results: There was a higher prevalence of childish cancer among male gender children. The age group more affected was between 8 to 12 years. There was a bigger percentage of patients that didn't go to the dentist before the chemotherapy treatment. The children caries experience was evaluated by the CPO-D and medium Ceo-d indexes, obtaining respectively the values of 4,75 and 0,47. Conclusions: The initial caries experience was high comparing to the international and Brazil average. Most of researched children didn't have a previous dentistry care before the beginning of antineoplastic therapy.

Profile of special needs patients assisted in a dental project / Perfil dos pacientes com necessidades especiais atendidos no projeto da Odontologia

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi traçar o perfil dos pacientes com necessidades especiais que procuraram atendimento na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal Fluminense (FO-UFF). Material e Métodos: Foram avaliados os prontuários de 17 pacientes que procuraram atendimento no período da pesquisa. As variáveis analisadas foram: sexo, idade, motivo da consulta, o uso contínuo de drogas psicotrópicas, condição socioeconômica, consumo de açúcar, frequência de escovação, oclusão dentária atendimento odontológico e duração do tratamento. Todos os pacientes foram atendidos por duas alunas de graduação ligados ao projeto, sob supervisão. Resultados: A idade média dos pacientes foi de 9,65 anos e o sexo masculino foi o mais prevalente (52,94%). Os indivíduos com deficiência mental e síndrome de Down foram os que mais procuram por atendimento (35,3%) e a dor (cárie) foi apontada como o maior motivo para procura do atendimento (58,82%). A média de ceo foi de 2,4 (±1,4) e CPOD de 0,9 (±7,07) entre os pacientes e o tratamento restaurador foi realizado em 25% dos pacientes. Conclusões: Em conclusão, a maior demanda foi por procedimentos curativos e não preventivos e que a prevalência de cárie é elevada neste grupo de pacientes

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this paper was to outline the profile of patients with special needs who sought treatment at School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense (FO-UFF). Material and Methods: We evaluated the charts of 17 patients who sought care during the survey period. The variables were gender, age, reason for consultation, continuous use of psychotropic drugs, socioeconomic status, consumption of sugar, toothbrushing frequency, dental occlusion dental care and length of treatment. All patients were treated by two undergraduate students linked to the project under supervision. Results: The mean age of the patients was 9.65 years old and males were the most prevalent (52.94%). Individuals with mental retardation and Down´s syndrome were the predominant group seeking dental care (35,3%) and pain was cited as the main reason (58,82%). The average dmft 0.9 (±1,4) and DMFT was 3.29 (±7,07) among patients and restorative treatment was provided for 25% of the patients. Conclusions: In conclusion the greatest demand was for curative and not preventive procedures and that the prevalence of caries is high in this group of patients.

Condições de saúde bucal de industriários participantes de Programa de Saúde Bucal na Empresa / Oral health status of industrial workers included in Corporate Oral Health Program

Resumo Objetivo: verificar as condições de saúde bucal de trabalhadores de cinco indústrias da região metropolitana de Salvador, Bahia, que participavam do Programa de Saúde Bucal na Empresa (PSBE) entre os anos 2003 a 2008. Métodos: estudo transversal retrospectivo, com dados secundários do banco de dados do SESI/DR-BA. Participaram todos os funcionários que realizaram pelo menos dois exames odontológicos no período, totalizando 1.277 trabalhadores. Foram investigados dados sociodemográficos, incidência de cárie, atividade de cárie, urgência odontológica, uso e necessidade de prótese. Resultado: predominou o sexo masculino com média de idade de 38 anos (DP = 10,07). O índice CPO-D (dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados) apresentou variação da média de 15 a 19, com maior percentual para dentes obturados (de 58,5% a 70,2%). Observou-se menor incidência de cárie nos que possuíam maior número de exames – 35,03% com 2 exames e 21,88% com 4 exames (p<0,01). Destaca-se maior associação positiva entre atividade de cárie e ramo de metais (29,19%) em 2007. O ramo outros serviços apresentou os maiores percentuais de urgência odontológica (5,60% em 2007, 8,40% em 2008). Conclusão: a redução na incidência de cáries e na necessidade de próteses entre os que mais realizaram exames indica que programas de saúde bucal nas empresas podem contribuir para a melhor saúde bucal dos trabalhadores.

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the oral health status of workers in five industries of the metropolitan region of Salvador, included in the Corporate Occupational Oral Health Program (PSBE) between 2003 and 2008. Methods: a retrospective cross-sectional study with secondary data from SESI/DR-BA database. All workers who had at least two dental examinations in the period (1,277 workers) were included. Sociodemographic data, incidence of dental caries, dental caries activity, dental emergency, and the use and need of prostheses were investigated. Results: most patients were male with mean age of 38 ± 10.07 years. Mean DMFT ranged from 15 to 19, with higher percentage of filled teeth (58.5% to 70.2%). The incidence of dental caries was lower in individuals who had a greater number of examinations – 35.03% for two examinations and 21.88% for four examinations (p<0.01). A positive association was found between caries activity and certain professional occupations, like metalworkers (29.19%). Highest percentages of urgency were found in individuals working in “other services” (5.60% in 2007 and 8.40% in 2008). Conclusion: the reduction in incidence of dental caries and need of prostheses among those who performed more examinations indicate that corporate oral health programs can contribute to improve workers oral health.

Experiencia de caries en niños de 6 a 12 años de edad con obesidad exógena del Hospital General de México / Caries experience in children aged 1-12 years with exogenous obesity, at the General Hospital of Mexico

Objetivo: describir la experiencia de caries en una población infantil con obesidad exógena Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, prospectivo, transversal y descriptivo. Fueron incluidos niños de 6 a 12 años de edad con obesidad exógena diagnosticados en el Servicio de la Clínica de Obesidad de la Unidad de Pediatría del Hospital General de México. El examen intraoral se realizó en el Servicio de Odonto-pediatría del propio hospital. Los índices utilizados fueron el ceod y CPOD, siguiendo los criterios de Klein y Palmer. Fueron acatados los principios éticos y legales de la Declaración de Helsinki para realizar investigación médica. El análisis estadístico fue de tipo descriptivo. Resultados: La población estuvo constituida por un total de 40 niños. La prevalencia de caries en esta población fue de 71 y 22% en la dentición temporal y permanente, respectivamente. El ceod promedio fue de 1.4, y el cPod , de 0.37 para la población total. conclusión: Los niños con obesidad exógena presentan un número reducido de dientes con experiencia de caries, inferior a la media nacional.

Objective:To describe the caries experience of children with exogenous obesity. Method:An observational, prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted involving children aged 6 to 12 years with exogenous obesity, who were diagnosed at the Obesity Clinic of the Pediatrics Unit of the General Hospital of Mexico. Intraoral examination was performed at the hospital’s Department of Pediatric Dentistry. The indexes used were the dmft and DMFt, based on the criteria established by Klein and Palmer. The legal and ethical principles for medical research set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki were adhered to, and the statistical analysis was descriptive. results: The population comprised a total of 40 children, in whom caries prevalence in primary and permanent dentition was, respectively, 71 and 22%. For the total population, the average dmft was 1.4 and the DMFt was 0.37. conclusion: Children with exogenous obesity present a reduced number of teeth with caries experience, lower than the national average.