Impacto de la malnutrición sobre la mortalidad en los pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica / Impact of malnutrition on mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients

Se realizó un diseño de estudio de casos y controles que comparó un grupo de 20 pacientes fallecidos (casos) con 27 pacientes vivos (controles), donde se les determinó el estado nutricional y se correlacionó con la frecuencia de muerte. Se llevó la información a tablas de contingencia para la estimación del odds ratio (OR) y se empleó la regresión logística multivariada para estimar la fuerza de asociación entre el conjunto de variables estudiadas. Los casos presentaron valores medios de urea, colesterol y creatinina inferiores a los controles. Del total de 20 casos, 19 presentaron malnutrición proteico-energética para un OR de 13 y un IC del 95 % de 112,4 (p=0,005). En el análisis de regresión logística multivariada la malnutrición proteico-energética se relacionó con la mortalidad, con un coeficiente de 2,49, un OR de 12,07 y un intervalo de confianza del 95 % de 105,15 (p<0,05). La malnutrición proteico-energética es un fuerte predictor de mortalidad y la valoración subjetiva global nutricional es un método eficaz para demostrar diferentes grados de desnutrición y predecir la mortalidad en los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica terminal en hemodiálisis.

A case -control study design was made to compare a group of 20 dead patients (cases) with 27 living patients (controls). Their nutritional state was determined and correlated to death frequency. The information was shown in contingency tables to estimate odds ratio (OR) and the multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate the association strength between the series of studied variables. The cases presented mean values of urea, cholesterol and creatinine lower than the controls. Of the total of 20 cases, 19 showed protein-energy malnutrition for an OR of 13 and a confidence interval of 95 %, 11.4 (p = 0.005). In the analysis of multivariate logistic regression the protein-energy malnutrition was related to mortality with a coefficient of 2.49, an OR of 12.07 and a confidence interval of 95.%, 105.15 (p 0.05). The protein-energy malnutrition is a strong predictor of mortality and the global subjective nutritional assessment is an efficient method to show different degrees of malnourishment and to predict mortality in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure on hemodialysis.

A Study of the Relationship between Childhood Obesity and Beverage Intake

PURPOSE: The rising prevalence of childhood obesity may be due to an energy imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure. Recently, consumption of beverages in children has increased. The aim of this study is to provide useful information for the prevention and the control of childhood obesity by assessment of variable beverage consumption. METHODS: Fight hundred seventy seven children(M : F=1 : 1.02, mean age; 9.7 years) from two primary schools in Seoul in May 2003 were enrolled. Body mass index(BMI) was calculated and the degree of obesity was classified into normal, overweight and obese groups by BMI percentile. Parental BMI, socio-economic factor, 3-day dietary intake, calory intake and beverage intake were examined by questionnaires. We researched beverages and classified them into six categories, milk, other milk products, soda, sports beverage, other beverage. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity was 7.2%. The parental BMI of the obese group were higher than those of the other groups. There was no significant difference in birth weight, or parents' intellectual and economic levels between the obese group and the other groups. There was no significant difference in daily total calory intake between the obese group and the other groups. The obese group of 7-9 year-old-males was higher than the other groups in sodas, and sports beverages intake. The obese group of 10-12 year-old-males was higher than the other groups in total beverage intake and other beverage intakes. The obese group of 10-12 year-old-females was higher than the other groups in other milk products. CONCLUSION: Excessive intake of beverages is associated with childhood obesity. Efforts to decrease intake of beverages may be important approaches to counter the rise in the prevalence of obesity.

Relationship of serum lipid profile and the degree of depressive symptoms in Korean adults

BACKGROUND: An inverse relationship between cholesterol level and the degree of depressive symptoms was found in several studies targeted to Westerners. But, other studies failed to replicate this finding, giving diverse opinion on this matter. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the degree of depressive symptomps and lipid level, total calorie intake and fat intake respectively in adults screened in a health promotion center in Korea. METHOD: The study group consisted of 352 men and women who visited the Health Promotion Center of Seoul National University Hospital from June to August in 1998. Their depressive symptoms were measured by Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D). Lipid level was measured by enzymatic methods with fasting blood specimen. Total calorie and fat intake were calculated from a self-reported questionnaire on the types and amount of food. RESULTS: Depressive symptoms were not significantly related to lipid levels, total calorie intake, fat intake, age, exercise, BMI, smoking or alcohol consumption(p>0.05). But sex(P0.05). CONCLUSION: In contrast to the results of previous studies, no significant association between the degree of depressive symptoms and lipid levels, total calorie intake and fat intake respectively were found in Korean adults after adjusting for several factors related to health.