Breaking barriers and claiming space: Career insights and advice from Filipino women leaders in health

@#This virtual forum showcased successful women leaders in the Philippine health sector who shared their journeys and advice with early-career professionals. The speakers emphasized the significance of mentorship, claiming space, and taking risks. They also highlighted the need for support systems to encourage non-traditional career paths in the health sector for women. The discussion acknowledged the challenges faced by the LGBTQIA+ community in accessing appropriate healthcare and the importance of generating evidence and dialogue to address their unique health needs. Across these contexts, common themes emerged in the importance of mentorship for women leaders in overcoming societal biases and stereotypes.

Factors related to career development and transformation of rehabilitation therapists / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of rehabilitation therapists' work, and analyze the factors related to their career development and transformation. MethodsFrom September, 2022 to January, 2023, 153 rehabilitation therapists in Weifang were investigated with a cross-sectional questionnaire, using general questionnaire, Job Satisfaction Scale for Grassroots Health Technicians, Social Responsibility Scale, Job Role and Identity Inventory, and Employee Turnover Scale. ResultsThe majority of rehabilitation therapists interviewed were male (52.28%), under 35 years old (88.24%), with a bachelor's degree (77.78%), income less than 5 000 yuan a month (46.40%), and less than five years of service (48.36%). The work time was (7.78±0.84) hours a day, (5.39±0.51) days a week. The favorable rate of the physical environment of work was 67.32%, and the favorable rate of the interpersonal relationship environment of work was 80.39%. The score of professional identity was (3.61±0.84), the score of job satisfaction was (3.62±0.97), the score of social responsibility was (3.53±0.79), and the score of turnover was (2.39±1.10). Education level, job satisfaction, and social responsibility were the main factors related to the employee turnover (P < 0.05). ConclusionThe overall educational level of rehabilitation therapists is relatively low, and the human resource structure needs to be optimized. There is a significant difference between academic education and continuing education, and career development needs to be improved. The main factors related to career development and transformation are education level, job satisfaction, and social responsibility.

Escala de satisfação com escolha do curso: adaptação e evidências de validade / Academic major satisfaction scale: adaptation and validity evidences / Escala de satisfacción con elección del curso: adaptación y evidencias de validez

Escala de Satisfação com a Escolha do Curso (ESEC) para uso no contexto brasileiro. Participaram deste estudo 674 estudantes universitários, com idade variando entre 18 e 62 anos (M= 23,18, DP= 5,81). Seis modelos fatoriais unidimensionais foram testados com o objetivo de identificar a solução mais parcimoniosa para o instrumento. Sugere-se uma solução final com quatro itens, ao invés de seis. Análises de TRI foram realizadas e observou-se alta fidedignidade da escala para mensuração de baixos níveis do traço latente. A ESEC esteve significativamente correlacionada com os cinco fatores de personalidade, adaptabilidade de carreira e satisfação com a vida. Indica-se que a ESEC apresenta evidências de validade favoráveis ao seu uso no contexto brasileiro, mas o instrumento identifica melhor indivíduos insatisfeitos com a escolha do curso do que os satisfeitos. (AU)

This study aimed to adapt and obtain validity evidence for the Academic Major Satisfaction Scale (AMSS) in the Brazilian context. The instrument was tested in 674 college students, with ages ranging from 18 to 62 (M = 23.18, SD = 5.81). Six unidimensional models were tested in order to find the parsimonious solution to the instrument. A four-item final solution is suggested, instead of the original 6-item solution. IRT was applied and it was identified that the AMSS had high reliability in individuals with low levels of latent trait. AMSS was significantly correlated with the big-five personality factors, career adapt-ability and life satisfaction. AMSS presents favorable evidences of validity to the Brazilian context, although the scale is more efficient in identifying students who are unsatisfied rather than satisfied with their college major. (AU)

Este estudio buscó adaptar y obtener evidencia de la validez de la Escala de Satisfacción de Elección de Curso (ESEC) para su uso en el contexto brasileño. Participaron un total de 674 estudiantes universitarios, con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 62 años (M = 23,18, DT = 5,81). Se probaron seis modelos factoriales unidimensionales con el fin de identificar la solución más parsimoniosa para el instrumento. Se sugiere una solución final con cuatro elementos en lugar de seis. El modelo de respuesta graduada se aplicó a los ítems que funcionaron bien a niveles bajos del constructo. La ESEC se correlacionó significativamente con los cinco factores de personalidad, adaptabilidad profesional y satisfacción con la vida. Se indica que la ESEC presenta evidencia de validez favorable a su uso en el contexto brasileño, pero el instrumento identifica mejor a los insatisfechos con la elección del curso que a los satisfechos. (AU)

Racismo e construção da carreira: estratégias de enfrentamento adotadas por universitários negros / Racism and career construction: coping strategies adopted by black undergraduates / Racismo y construcción de la carrera: estrategias de afrontamiento que utilizan los universitarios negros

O racismo é um fenômeno que impacta a vida da população negra, direcionando-a para uma condição de marginalização social, inclusive profissionalmente. Diante disso, o presente estudo, qualitativo, objetivou analisar as estratégias de enfrentamento ao racismo adotadas por universitários negros de uma instituição pública de ensino superior no processo de construção de suas carreiras. Adotando-se como referencial a Teoria de Construção da Carreira, 27 entrevistas semiestruturadas foram conduzidas com graduandos (16 do gênero feminino e 11 do gênero masculino) autodeclarados negros de uma universidade situada na região Sudeste do Brasil. Os dados coletados foram submetidos a Análise de Similitude, por meio do software IRaMuTeQ, que demonstrou, a partir de uma árvore máxima, que os discursos dos participantes estiveram centrados no termo "racismo" e em quatro troncos de similitude relacionados aos vocábulos: "negro", "falar", "situação" e "acontecer". Os resultados indicaram que o racismo é um dos fatores que impactam a carreira dos sujeitos, sobretudo por sustentar práticas discriminatórias veladas e limitar oportunidades profissionais. Em resposta a ele, quatro estratégias de enfrentamento foram identificadas: a) diálogo com sujeitos próximos; b) busca por suporte junto à rede de apoio constituída na universidade; c) denúncia de seus impactos; e d) adoção de ações individuais de transformação da realidade. Os achados permitem identificar a adoção de diferentes estratégias individuais e coletivas de enfrentamento ao racismo, que devem ter seu desenvolvimento estimulado pelas instituições de ensino superior, a fim de que se tornem práticas sistematizadas que favoreçam a discussão sobre o fenômeno em âmbitos acadêmico e profissional.(AU)

The phenomenon of racism impacts the lives of Black population, leading them to social marginalization, including professionally. Thus, this qualitative study analyzes the coping strategies adopted by Black undergraduates from a public higher education institution to confront racism during career construction. Adopting the Career Construction Theory as a framework, 27 semi-structured interviews were conducted (16 women and 11 men) with self-declared black undergraduates from a university located in southeastern Brazil. Similarity analysis of the collected data, performed using the IRaMuTeQ software, showed that, from a maximum tree, the participants' speeches centered around the term "racism" and on four similarity trunks related to the words: "black", "talk", "situation" and "happen". Results indicated that racism majorly impacts the subjects' careers, especially by upholding veiled discriminatory practices and limiting professional opportunities. To cope with it, undergraduates adopt four main strategies: a) dialogue with close subjects; b) search for support with the support network established at the university; c) denunciation of its impacts; and d) adoption of individual strategies to transform reality. The findings point to different actions, individual and collective, adopted to fight racism, whose development should be supported by higher education institutions so that they become systemic practices that favor discussing the phenomenon in academic and professional fields.(AU)

El racismo es un fenómeno que impacta la vida de la población negra, llevándola a una condición de marginación social, incluso a nivel profesional. Así, este estudio cualitativo, tuvo por objetivo analizar las estrategias de afrontamiento el racismo que utilizan los universitarios negros de una Institución Pública de Educación Superior en el proceso de construcción de sus carreras. Tomando como referencia la Teoría de Construcción de Carrera, se realizaron 27 entrevistas semiestructuradas a estudiantes (16 mujeres y 11 hombres) autodeclarados negros de una universidad en la región Sureste de Brasil. Los datos recolectados se sometieron a un Análisis de Similitud, desarrollado utilizando el software IRaMuTeQ, que demostró, a partir de un árbol máximo, que los discursos de los participantes se centraron en el término "racismo" y en cuatro troncos de similitud relacionados con las palabras: "negro", "hablar", "situación" y "pasar". Los resultados indicaron que el racismo es uno de los factores que impactan la carrera, especialmente por sostener prácticas discriminatorias veladas y limitar las oportunidades profesionales. En respuesta a ello, se identificaron cuatro estrategias de afrontamiento: a) diálogo con sujetos cercanos; b) búsqueda de apoyo en la red constituida en la universidad; c) denuncia de sus impactos; y d) adopción de acciones individuales para transformar la realidad. Los hallazgos permiten identificar la adopción de diferentes estrategias, individuales y colectivas, para enfrentar el racismo, las cuales deben tener su desarrollo estimulado por las instituciones de educación superior, para que se conviertan en prácticas sistematizadas que favorezcan la discusión del fenómeno en el ámbito académico y profesional.(AU)

Tutoría y proyecto formativo del alumnado universitario: la importancia de comenzar bien / Projeto de tutoria e formação para universitários: a importância de começar bem / Tutoring and training project for university students: the importance of starting well

En el artículo se analiza la importancia de la tutoría universitaria en la definición del proyecto formativo-profesional del alumnado. Empleando cuestionarios y entrevistas se registran y analizan las opiniones que 410 estudiantes de 4 promociones hicieron de los Planes de Orientación y Acción Tutorial. Los resultados confirman que los/as tutores/as son un referente importante para el alumnado y la tutoría una estrategia relevante de acompañamiento desde el momento en que inicia sus estudios y a lo largo de su trayectoria formativa. Se concluye que es necesario reforzar la institucionalización de la tutoría, promoviendo modelos activos, integrales e inclusivos de aprendizaje. Estos datos son relevantes para la práctica educativa y para la puesta en práctica de programas de orientación al alumnado.

O artigo analisa a importância da tutoria universitária na definição do projeto formativo-profissional do aluno. Por meio de questionários e entrevistas, foram registradas e analisadas as opiniões de 410 alunos de 4 promoções realizadas nos Planos de Orientação e Ação Tutorial. Os resultados confirmam que os tutores são uma importante referência para os alunos e a tutoria uma estratégia de apoio relevante desde o início dos estudos e ao longo da sua carreira escolar. Conclui-se que é necessário reforçar a institucionalização da tutoria, promovendo modelos de aprendizagem ativos, integrais e inclusivos. Esses dados são relevantes para a prática educacional e para a implementação de programas de orientação estudantil.

The article analyzes the importance of university tutoring in the definition of the student's training-professional project. Using questionnaires and interviews, the opinions that 410 students from 4 promotions made of the Orientation Plans and Tutorial Action were recorded and analyzed. The results confirm that tutors are an important reference for students and tutoring is a relevant support strategy from the moment they start their studies and throughout their educational career. It is concluded that it is necessary to reinforce the institutionalization of tutoring, promoting active, comprehensive and inclusive learning models. These data are relevant for educational practice and for the implementation of student orientation programs.

Análises das invariâncias e normas para Escala de Conflito Trabalho-Família no Brasil / Analysis of invariance and norms for the Work-Family Conflict Scale in the Brazilian context / Análisis de invariancia y normas para la escala de conflictos trabajo-familia en el contexto brasileño

Conflito trabalho-família é um fenômeno de relevância para a psicologia, uma vez que diz respeito à impossibilidade de conciliar demandas advindas desses dois domínios. Há evidências sobre impactos em domínios da vida dos indivíduos, famílias e organizações. O presente estudo traz evidências adicionais de validade da Escala de Conflito Trabalho-família para o contexto brasileiro, a partir de análises de invariância por sexo e região do país. São apresentadas normas específicas por sexo e região. Participaram da pesquisa 1787 pessoas de três regiões do território brasileiro (sul, sudeste e nordeste). Dentre os participantes, 934 identificaram-se como do sexo feminino (52,3%). Os resultados evidenciaram que o modelo teórico que sustenta a medida não teve ajuste psicométrico favorável em todos os contextos avaliados. Uma versão reduzida com seis itens do instrumento, juntamente com testes de invariância configural, escalar e métrica, tanto por sexo, quanto por região de origem do participante é apresentada. (AU)

Work-family conflict is a phenomenon of relevance to psychology since it concerns the impossibility of reconciling the demands arising from these two domains. Furthermore, there is evidence of impacts in domains for individuals, families, and organizations. The present study provides additional evidence of the validity of the Work-Family Conflict Scale for the Brazilian context, based on analyses of invariance by sex and region of the country, as well as specific norms by sex and region. Participants were 1787 people from three regions of the Brazilian territory (south, southeast, and northeast). Among the participants, 934 identified as female (52.3%). The results showed that the theoretical model that supports the measure did not have a favorable psychometric adjustment in all contexts evaluated. A shorter version with six items of the instrument, along with configural, scalar, and metric invariance tests, both by sex and by the participant's region of origin, is presented. (AU)

El conflicto trabajo-familia es un fenómeno relevante para la psicología, ya que se refiere a la imposibilidad de conciliar las demandas que surgen de estos dos dominios. Hay evidencia de impactos en los dominios para individuos, familias y organizaciones. El presente estudio proporciona evidencias adicionales de la validez de la Escala de Conflicto Trabajo-Familia para el contexto brasileño, a partir de análisis de invarianza por sexo y región del país. Se presentan normas específicas por sexo y región. Participaron de la investigación un total de 1787 personas de tres regiones del territorio brasileño (Sur, Sudeste y Nordeste). Entre los participantes, 934 se identificaron como mujeres (52,3%). Los resultados mostraron que el modelo teórico que respalda la medida no tuvo un ajuste psicométrico favorable en todos los contextos evaluados. Se presenta una versión reducida con seis ítems del instrumento, junto con pruebas de invarianza configuracional, escalar y métrica, tanto por género como por región de origen del participante. (AU)

Proposta Teórica Metodológica para Planejar Carreiras e Trajetórias de Carreira Pessoais e Organizacionais / Theoretical and Methodological Proposal to Plan Careers and Career Paths of People and Organization / Propuesta Teórica y Metodológica para Planear Carreras y Trayectorias Laborales en Personas y Organizaciones

Que motivações levam os jovens a empregos e organizações? Quantos trabalhadores no mundo de trabalho atual aspiram à reforma na organização, e que tipo de organizações aspiram a ela? Um tema de investigação que contribui para responder a estas questões é o estudo do desenvolvimento da carreira. Após uma revisão bibliográfica, as teorias de Super e Schein são selecionadas e assimiladas criticamente pelas suas contribuições para a compreensão e abordagem do tema a partir de perspectivas individuais e organizacionais, respectivamente. Como resultado da comparação, análise e sistematização das fontes teóricas consultadas, é apresentado um modelo multinível de fases de desenvolvimento de carreira, que inclui a perspectiva de análise dialética das relações entre indivíduos e instituições. As avaliações psicológicas do desenvolvimento potencial podem contribuir tecnicamente para este objetivo.

What motivations move young people to jobs and organizations? How many workers in today's world of work aspire to organizational retirement, and what types of organizations aspire to it? One research topic that contributes to answering these questions is the study of career development. The literature review reveals a lack of theoretical and practical models that address career development from the combined perspective of individual and institutional relationships. As a result of the comparison, analysis, and sys-tematization of the theoretical sources consulted, a model of multilevel career development stages is presented, which includes the perspective of dialectical analysis of the relationships between individuals and institutions and which critically assimilates the theories of Super (1980) and Schein (1996). The meet-ing and coincidence points of the work trajectories of individuals and organizations in the career develop-ment process are highlighted. Psychological interviews and the assessment and feedback method for potential development can technically contribute to this purpose

A study on total rewards management in Philippine Healthcare Companies: An occupational issue

Introduction@#Companies and hospitals in the healthcare industry, like other businesses, are not exempted from the rising labor costs and growing dissatisfaction among employees. The assessment and optimization of total rewards management (TRM) are important since TRM consists of monetary and non-monetary rewards given to employees in exchange for their time, talents, and efforts. @*Objective@#This study assessed the TRM in Philippine healthcare companies. This study also looked into the organizational structure of various health-service companies and their TRM, and the difference between companies with TRM and without TRM in terms of pay, benefits, work-life balance, career development, and performance recognition. @*Method@#A total of 74 human resource personnel were randomly sampled from healthcare companies in the Philippines. A survey questionnaire was administered with items on TRM philosophy divided into five parts – pay, benefits, work-life balance, career development, and performance recognition. High mean scores per TRM component correspond to higher levels of agreement to positive statements to the corresponding TRM component. Chi-square test was used to determine the association between various demographic variables and the existence of a TRM philosophy in a company. T-test was used to determine whether the differences in the mean scores per TRM component were statistically significant or not. @*Results@#Less than half (44%) of the included companies have TRM and companies in Metro Manila were more likely to have an existing TRM philosophy. Companies in the healthcare sector usually disseminate information on TRM during town hall meetings, and not during onboarding. Employees in the healthcare companies had strict work schedules as most employers did not allow flexi-time arrangements. This may have contributed to burnout and stress that are common in most companies. Lastly, employees working in companies with a TRM philosophy do not experience significantly better pay, benefits, work-life balance, career development, and performance recognition than those working in companies without TRM. @*Conclusion@#These findings suggest that even companies with an established TRM philosophy need significant improvement in their TRM processes for TRM to translate to better pay, benefits, work-life balance, career development, and performance recognition.

A qualitative study on the career development path of general practitioners in the community / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To analyze the career development path and related problems of general practitioners (GPs)in the community.Methods:In October 2019, general practitioners with different positions working in Malu Town Community Health Service Center of Shanghai Jiading district were selected by typical sampling to participate in a focus group interview. Based on the saturation principle, 5 general practitioners were invited for in-depth interviews on their career development and related issues. The original data were analyzed with Colaizzi′s seven-step analysis method.Results:The career development of the general practitioners working in the community was divided into three stages: start stage, experience-accumulation stage and career-differentiation stage. In the start stage (the first 0-24 months), the GPs mainly got familiar with the community health service center through community rotation. In the experience-accumulation stage (1-5 years after entering the community health service center), GPs accumulated clinical experience from outpatient clinic, ward, and being family doctor, etc; at the same time, they accumulated management experience through part-time public health management, research and education management, secondment in district health committee. In the professional differentiation stage (5 years or more after entering the community health service center), GPs may take a position of full-time management, or department head. The three respondents had confusion in certain career development stages, including confusion in clinical skills upgrading and balance between clinical and management duties.Conclusions:The study suggests that general practitioners in the entry stage need to be given timely clinical rotation as well as research and teaching training; in the career differentiation stage, it is necessary to incorporate upgrading clinical service and management capability with policy development directions and institutional development needs to promote the successful career differentiation of general practitioners.

A bibliometric analysis of the status quo of research on professional identity of male nursing students in China / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:Based on the bibliometric analysis method, review the relevant literature published in 2007-2019, analyze the status and development trend of the professional identity research of male nursing students in China, with a view to fostering the professional identity of male nursing students in my country and related research and career development in the future for reference.Methods:The relevant literature on male nursing students′ professional identity research in our country in domestic and foreign databases including Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database, Web of Science and PubMed from the establishment of database to December 31, 2019 were retrieved using bibliometric methods, respectively, and the annual distribution, journal source, author and institution distribution, and research type statistically were analyzed.Results:A total of 66 articles were included, which were published in 43 journals. Among them, "Health Vocational Education" had the largest number of articles (9.52% (6/63). Since the publication of the first article in 2007, the research on male nursing students′ professional identity had gradually increased in the past 13 years. The average annual publication volume was 5.08 ± 3.31, and the ratio of detected documents rose from 3.0%(2/66) in 2007 to 19.7%(13/66) in 2019; the province with the largest number of publications was Guangdong 12.12%(8/66); most of the research types were cross-sectional studies. There were few cohort studies or intervention studies.Conclusions:With the development of the nursing profession, the cultivation of professional identity of nursing students has more important significance for the stable development of the industry. Domestic scholars have gradually increased the professional identity research of male nursing students, but overall, the research strength was scattered and the research content was single. The research area is relatively narrow. It is recommended to increase relevant research to provide scientific basis for the training of male nursing talents in my country.

Funcionamento Intelectual e Interesses Profissionais: um Estudo com Adolescentes em Contexto Escolar / Intellectual Disabilities and Professional Interests: A Study with Adolescents in the School Context / Discapacidades intelectuales e intereses profesionales: un estudio con adolescentes en Contexto Escolar

Neste estudo, analisamos a relação entre dificuldades no funcionamento intelectual (DFI) e interesses profissionais. A amostra constitui-se por 120 estudantes, com idades entre 14 e 22 anos (M = 15, DP = 1), e foi dividida entre os que apresentavam DFI (n = 54) e os que não apresentavam DFI (n = 66). Utilizamos o Inventário de Interesses e Exploração Auto-Dirigida e um questionário sociodemográfico e escolar. Os resultados revelam diferenças moderadas nos interesses dos adolescentes com DFI, comparativamente aos que não têm DFI, com resultados médios superiores de tipo Realista e Social, e inferiores de tipo Empreendedor. Os resultados são discutidos tendo em conta a necessidade de considerar a diversidade em contexto escolar e de promover a inclusão destes jovens.

In this study we analyse the relation between intellectual disabilities and professional interests. Sample consisted of 120 Portuguese students, aged between 14 and 22 years old (M = 15, SD = 1), which were divided in two groups, depending on whether intellectual disabilities were present (N = 54) or absent (N = 66). We used the Portuguese version of the Self Directed Search Inventory, and a sociodemographic and school life survey. Results show moderate differences between students with and without intellectual disabilities in professional interests. Students with intellectual disabilities reported higher mean interests of Realistic and of Social type, and lower mean interests of Entrepreneur type. Results are discussed taking into account the need to consider students' diversity and to promote social inclusion.

En este estudio, analizamos la relación entre la discapacidad intelectual (DI) y los intereses profesionales de 120 estudiantes portugueses, de edades entre 14 y 22 años (M = 15; DP = 1). Hemos utilizado la versión en portugués del Self Directed Search, y un cuestionario sociodemográfico y escolar. Los resultados muestran diferencias moderadas en los intereses profesionales de los estudiantes con DI, en comparación con aquellos sin DI, con resultados medios más altos de tipo Realista y Social, y más bajos de tipo Emprendedor. Los resultados se discuten teniendo en cuenta la necesidad de considerar la diversidad en el contexto escolar y promover la inclusión.

Why do Italian psychology graduates dream of becoming psychotherapists? A study on decision-making in undertaking psychotherapy / ¿Por qué los licenciados en psicología italianos sueñan con convertirse en psicoterapeutas? Un estudio sobre la toma de decisiones para emprender la formación psicoterapéutica

Resumen El estudio es cuali-cuantitativo y utiliza métodos mixtos y el reclutamiento de una muestra accidental. Se administró un cuestionario en línea (con preguntas abiertas sobre el reconocimiento de problemas/necesidades, búsqueda de información, evaluación de alternativas, compras y resultados post-compra) a psicólogos graduados interesados en la formación o ya formados en psicoterapia (como tipos de participantes encuestados), con 549 participantes (86 % mujeres, Medad = 36.27 años). La estrategia de análisis incluyó el análisis del texto (utilizando el software T-Lab) para examinar las respuestas e identificar los temas principales de cada pregunta abierta. El siguiente paso implicó el desarrollo y la aplicación de categorías de contenido para codificar respuestas textuales en las diferentes preguntas. Luego, se realizó un análisis de conglomerados para agrupar a los participantes a partir de los temas identificados. El papel de las motivaciones en la formación psicoterapéutica es un tema que recibe gran atención en la investigación en psicoterapia. Esto es particularmente relevante en el contexto italiano, donde el panorama general de la formación psicoterapéutica parece ser bastante complejo, dada la situación muy diferente sobre la disponibilidad y las modalidades de formación en psicoterapia, el exceso de oferta en relación con la demanda y los consiguientes problemas de subempleo y dificultades económicas para los psicoterapeutas. El objetivo de este estudio es explorar las expectativas asociadas con la formación psicoterapéutica de los graduados de psicología italianos, contribuyendo así a mejorar la oferta educativa de formación en psicoterapia de las escuelas públicas y privadas y a proporcionar mayor información, transparencia y calidad de servicio. En concreto, este estudio examina el proceso de toma de decisiones para emprender la formación psicoterapéutica, incluyendo el uso de fuentes de información, el análisis de las opciones formativas, los factores clave de compra y la potencial satisfacción con las elecciones realizadas. El estudio es cuali-cuantitativo y utiliza métodos mixtos y el reclutamiento de una muestra accidental. Se administró un cuestionario en línea (con preguntas abiertas sobre el reconocimiento de problemas/necesidades, búsqueda de información, evaluación de alternativas, compras y resultados post-compra) a psicólogos graduados interesados en la formación o ya formados en psicoterapia (como tipos de participantes encuestados), con 549 participantes (86 % mujeres, Medad = 36.27 años). La estrategia de análisis incluyó el análisis del texto (utilizando el software T-Lab) para examinar las respuestas e identificar los temas principales de cada pregunta abierta. El siguiente paso implicó el desarrollo y la aplicación de categorías de contenido para codificar respuestas textuales en las diferentes preguntas. Luego, se realizó un análisis de conglomerados para agrupar a los participantes a partir de los temas identificados. En general, los resultados mostraron un enfoque débil en el desarrollo de la carrera (tema informado por solo el 50.6 % de los participantes), ya que la toma de decisiones está determinada principalmente por intereses personales y características individuales y se basa en la brecha percibida en la formación académica previa. Asimismo, los resultados sugirieron el uso de estrategias rígidas que orientan el proceso de toma de decisiones, una demanda indefinida y confusa de formación de posgrado y el predominio de preocupaciones logísticas, económicas y aspectos organizacionales dentro de una lógica de costo-beneficio. A través del análisis de conglomerados se identificaron tres grupos de participantes (respectivamente de 14.6 %, 51.2 % y 34.2 %), que eran diferentes en edad [F (2, 455) = 11.878, p < .001] y tipo de encuestados [χ² (4, N = 459) = 27.588, p < .001]. Dichos grupos se caracterizaron por diferentes factores clave para seleccionar una escuela de psicoterapia, preferencias de orientación y motivaciones para la formación en psicoterapia (p < .05, con un nivel de confianza del 95 %). Es necesario reconocer algunas limitaciones con respecto al presente estudio, como su carácter exploratorio, el uso de una muestra accidental y el potencial sesgo de autoselección, que no permiten la generalización de los resultados. En cuanto a las implicaciones teóricas, se subraya la relevancia de los intereses y motivaciones personales en las decisiones para la formación psicoterapéutica. El uso de constructos de adaptabilidad de carrera y reparación podría ser fructífero para comprender hasta qué punto tales elecciones están realmente orientadas a desarrollar recursos y conocimientos personales o implican patrones defensivos para remediar una identidad profesional defectuosa como psicólogos. Sobre las implicaciones prácticas, también se trazan algunas recomendaciones para la mejora de la provisión de formación en psicoterapia.

Abstract The role of potential motivations for psychotherapy training is receiving growing attention in the context of psychotherapy research. The present study examines the entire decision-making process for undertaking psychotherapy training in Italian psychology graduates. This is a quali-quantitative study using mixed methods and recruiting from a convenience sample. An on-line questionnaire - with open-ended questions about problem/need recognition, information search, alternative evaluation, purchase, and post-purchase outcomes - was administered to psychology graduates interested in, undertaking or having already completed psychotherapy training (as types of respondents), overall including 549 participants (86 % females, Mage = 36.27 years). The strategy of analysis consisted of computer-aided text analysis (by using T-Lab software) and content analysis for examining responses and identifying the main themes for each open-ended question. Then, a cluster analysis was performed for grouping respondents from the previously detected themes. Three different clusters of participants were detected (respectively composed of 14.6 %, 51.2 % and 34.2 %) that were different by age, F (2, 455) = 11.878, p < .001, and type of respondents, χ² (4, N = 459) = 27.588, p < .001. Such clusters were mainly featured by different key factors for selecting a psychotherapy school, orientation preferences and motivations for psychotherapy training (p < .05, at 95 % confidence level). Overall, the results highlighted the perception of a gap in previous academic training, a reduced focus on professional development and the use of rigid strategies as critical issues related to the decision to undertake psychotherapy training.

Influence of male nurse training program on professional identity and career development of male nurses in a general hospital / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To establish and implement the training program of male nurses in general hospitals, and to explore the influence of the program on the professional identity and career development of male nurses.Methods:Male nurses in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were selected as the participants in October of 2019, and the training program consisting of management support, professional training, cultural construction and other contents was adopted to conduct intervention. Professional identity and career development were compared and analyzed before and after the intervention.Results:The total score of professional identity level of male nurses after intervention was (121.66±19.91) points, which was significantly higher than that before intervention (117.68±19.05), and the differences in all dimensions were statistically significant ( t value was 6.278, P<0.01). The score of successful in career after intervention (42.30±8.06) was significantly higher than that before intervention (41.81±8.00), and the differences in all dimensions were statistically significant ( t value was 3.928, P<0.01). Conclusion:The implementation of male nurse training program and scientific management of male nurses in general hospitals can effectively improve their professional identity level and promote their career development.

Male nurse: the need of nursing development and develop in need of nursing / 中国实用护理杂志

Male nurses are an important force in clinical nursing team and play an important role in clinical nursing; with the increasing number of clinical male nurses, nursing managers pay more attention to male nurses. Starting from the career development of male nurses, this paper summarized the professional advantages, practical difficulties, psychological state and future development trend of male nurses, which provided theoretical support for the self-development of clinical male nurses and the clinical positioning of male nurses by nursing managers. It laid a foundation for male nurses to play a key role in clinical practice.

Professional values of blood bank staff in Jiangsu Province / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the professional value and its influencing factors of blood bank staff in Jiangsu Province, in order to promote the cultural construction and personnel management, therefore promote the sustainable development of blood industry. 【Methods】 From September to October, 2019, 950 employees of blood banks in Jiangsu Province were investigated in terms of age, education, length of employment, background and other demographic sociological conditions, as well as occupation intention, social evaluation and occupation evaluation through questionnaire, and the internal and external factors affecting the professional value were analyzed. 【Results】 Results showed that the employees of blood banks investigated had no strong occupation intention (3.85 points, ), but viewed their professional value as fair (4.54 points), and thought that the blood industry was underestimated by society (3.27 points). They valued material income and treatment (4.66, 4.75 points), but did not pay much attention to career development ( <4.5 points). 【Conclusion】 The main external factor influencing the professional value of blood bank employees is career development, and internal factors are education background and the income of employees′ parents. Blood banks should enhance social status, correctly guide the professional value of employees, and optimize the employee training.

Validación de la versión española de la Escala de Reflexión en futbolistas de élite jóvenes / Validation of the Spanish Version of the Reflection Scale for Young Elite Football Players / Validação da versão espanhola da Escada de Reflexão em futebolistas de elite jovens

Resumen Objetivo. Validar la versión española de la Escala de Reflexión del instrumento Reflective Learnning Continuum en futbolistas jóvenes de élite. Método. Estudio de validación. La versión original fue traducida y adaptada siguiendo el protocolo de la American Psychological Association. Una vez traducida, se administró a 478 jugadores jóvenes de élite junto con el Behavioural Regulation in Sport Questionnaire, con el objetivo de evaluar sus propiedades psicométricas; además, se llevaron a cabo el análisis de consistencia interna, el análisis factorial confirmatorio y el análisis de correlaciones bivariadas con variables teóricamente relacionadas. Resultados. En el análisis de contenido, la versión española de la Escala de Reflexión aplicada mostró evidencias en los aspectos cultural y lingüístico con la versión original. Además, el análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró un ajuste aceptable a los datos: χ²(df) = 28.61 (88), p < 0.001, RMSEA (90% CI) = 0.07 (0.06-0.08), CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99. Los análisis de consistencia interna, así como la relación con la motivación, apoyaron la versión validada. Conclusión. Los resultados proporcionan evidencia en favor de las propiedades psicométricas de la validación al español de la Escala de Reflexión.

Abstract Objective. To validate the Spanish version of the Reflection Scale from the instrument Reflective Learning Continuum for young elite football players. Method. Validation study. The original version was translated and adapted following the protocol of the American Psychological Association. Once translated, the version was administered to 478 young elite players together with the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire, aiming to evaluate the psychometric properties. In addition, internal consistency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and bivariate correlations analysis with theoretically related variables were carried out. Results. The Spanish version of the Reflection Scale shows cultural and linguistic evidence with its original version. Moreover, confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable fit to the data χ²(df)= 28.61 (88), p < 0.001, RMSEA (90% CI) = 0.07 (0.06-0.08), CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99. Also, the internal consistency analyses, as well as the relationship with motivation, support the validated version. Conclusion. The results provide evidence in favour of the psychometric properties of the Spanish validation of the Reflection Scale.

Resumo Escopo. Validar a versão espanhola da Escada de Reflexão do instrumento Reflective Learnning Continuum em futebolistas jovens de elite. Metodologia. Estudo de validação. A versão original foi traduzida e adaptada seguindo o protocolo da American Psycological Association. Uma vez traduzida, foi administrada a 478 jogadores jovens de elite junto com o Behavioural Regulation in Sport Qustionnaire, com o escopo de avaliar suas propriedades psicométricas; Além, foram realizadas analises de correlações bivariadas com variáveis teoricamente relacionadas. Resultados. Na análise de conteúdo, a versão espanhola da Escada de Reflexão aplicada mostrou evidencias nos aspectos cultural e linguístico com a versão original. Além, a análise fatorial confirmatória mostrou um ajuste aceitável para os dados: As análises de consistência interna, assim como a relação com a motivação, apoiaram a versão validada. Conclusão. Os resultados proporcionaram evidencia em favor das propriedades psicométricas da validação ao espanhol da Escada de Reflexão.

Inventário de Percepção de Barreiras de Carreira: Estudo com Universitários / Career Barriers Perception Inventory: Study with University Students / Inventario de Percepción de Barreras de Carrera: Estudio con Universitarios

Esta pesquisa objetivou levantar evidências de validade e precisão para versão modificada e adaptada do Inventário de Percepção de Barreiras de Carreira (IPBC) em uma amostra de universitários. O instrumento adaptado para o Brasil neste estudo apresentou quatro dimensões: Falta de Suporte, Discriminação Sexual, Discriminação Étnica e Restrição de Oportunidades. A amostra foi composta por 358 estudantes concluintes da educação superior, sendo 57,8% (N = 207) pertencentes ao sexo feminino e com média de idade de 26,94 anos (DP = 6,03). Os resultados de análises fatoriais confirmatórias indicaram ajuste satisfatório e índices de confiabilidade adequados para uma versão reduzida do IPBC, retendo 16 itens das quatro dimensões estudadas. Discutem-se as limitações desta pesquisa e sugerem-se novas possibilidades para estudos futuros.

This research aimed to present evidence of validity and precision for modified and adapted version of the Career Barriers Perception Inventory (IPBC) in a sample of undergraduates. The instrument that was adapted for Brazil in this study has four dimensions: Lack of Support, Sexual Discrimination, Ethnic Discrimination, and Opportunity Restriction. The sample included 358 concluding students of higher education, which 57,8% (N = 207) of these were female, and mean age of 26,94 years (SD = 6,03). The confirmatory factor analyzes indicated satisfactory fit and adequate reliability indexes for a reduced version of the IPBC, retaining 16 items of the four dimensions studied. Limitations of this research are discussed, and new possibilities for future studies are suggested.

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo levantar evidencias de validez y precisión para la versión modificada y adaptada del Inventario de Percepción de Barreras de Carrera (IPBC) en una muestra de universitarios. El instrumento adaptado para el Brasil en este estudio presenta cuatro dimensiones: Falta de Apoyo, Discriminación Sexual, Discriminación Étnica y Restricción de Oportunidades. La muestra estuvo conformada por 358 estudiantes de educación superior, siendo 57,8% (N = 207) mujeres con edad media de 26,94 años (SD = 6,03). Los resultados del análisis factorial confirmatorio indicaron un ajuste satisfactorio y un índice de confiabilidad adecuados para la versión reducida del IPBC, con 16 ítems retenidos de las cuatro dimensiones estudiadas. Se discuten las limitaciones de este estudio y se sugieren nuevas posibilidades para futuras investigacionese.

Moderadores da relação entre congruência pessoa-ambiente e satisfação intrínseca no trabalho / Moderators of the relationship between person-environment congruence and intrinsic job satisfaction / Moderadores de la relación entre congruencia persona-ambiente y satisfacción laboral intrínseca

A congruência pessoa-ambiente refere-se ao grau de similaridade entre características pessoais e ambientais. Este trabalho investigou moderadores da relação entre congruência pessoa-ambiente e satisfação intrínseca com o trabalho. Os moderadores investigados foram saliência de carreira, diferenciação entre interesses ocupacionais e tipos de interesse. Escalas de interesses e ambientes ocupacionais, satisfação intrínseca no trabalho e saliência de carreira foram respondidas por 842 trabalhadores brasileiros. A relação congruência-satisfação foram significativas somente em trabalhadores com baixa saliência de carreira, com elevada diferenciação de interesses e/ou que possuem interesse predominantemente investigativo. Conclui-se que, quanto menor a saliência de carreira do trabalhador e/ou mais diferenciado seu perfil de interesses, mais relevante é a congruência para a satisfação, especialmente em trabalhadores com interesse investigativo. Sugere-se que pessoas com elevada saliência de carreira são capazes de encontrar alternativas de realização profissional mesmo em ambientes de trabalho incongruentes com seus interesses. (AU)

Personal-environmental congruence refers to the degree of similarity between personal and environmental characteristics. This work investigated moderators of the relationship between person-environment congruence and intrinsic satisfaction with work. The moderators investigated were career salience, differentiation between occupational interests, and interest types. Measures of interests and occupational environments, intrinsic job satisfaction, and career salience were answered by 842 Brazilian workers. The congruence-satisfaction relationship was significant only in workers with low career salience, with high interest differentiation and/or who have a predominantly investigative interest. We concluded that the lower the career salience of the worker and/or more differentiated his/her profile of interests, the more relevant is the congruence to satisfaction, especially in workers with investigative interest. It is suggested that people with high career salience are able to find alternatives for professional achievement even in work environments that are incongruous with their interests. (AU)

La congruencia persona-ambiente se refiere al grado de semejanza entre características personales y ambientales. Este estudio investigó moderadores de relación entre congruencia persona-ambiente y satisfacción intrínseca en el trabajo. Los moderadores investigados fueron; relieves de la carrera, diferenciación entre intereses ocupacionales y tipo de intereses. Escalas de intereses y ambientes ocupacionales, satisfacción intrínseca en el trabajo y relieves de la carrera fueron respondidas por 842 trabajadores brasileños. La relación congruencia-satisfacción fue significativa solamente en trabajadores con bajo relieve de carrera, con elevada diferenciación de intereses y/o que poseen interés predominantemente investigativo. Se concluye que, cuánto menor el relieve de carrera del trabajador y/o más diferente su perfil de interés, más relevante es la congruencia para la satisfacción, sobre todo en los trabajadores con interés investigativo. Se sugiere que personas con elevado relieve de carrera son capaces de encontrar alternativas de realización profesional inclusive en ambientes de trabajo incongruentes con sus intereses. (AU)

Occupational Condition of Physiotherapists in Seven Countries / 中国康复理论与实践

@#After retrieving the databases, as well as the official websites of institutes and administrations of physiotherapists, the qualifications, working conditions and career development in different countries, such as United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, England, Ireland and South Africa, were investigated and analyzed, which may give some implication for the improvement of physiotherapists system in China.

Construção e análise das propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Envolvimento Parental na Decisão Vocacional (EEPDV) / Construction and analysis of psychometric properties of the Parental Involvement in Vocational Decision Scale (EEPDV) / Construcción y análisis de las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Participación Parental en la Decisión Vocacional (EEPDV)

O envolvimento dos pais durante o processo de decisão profissional dos filhos tem sido considerado uma variável de apoio importante. Este estudo visa apresentar as etapas de construção e as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Envolvimento Parental na Decisão Vocacional. Esta foi elaborada para avaliar a percepção dos adolescentes sobre as atitudes dos pais diante do processo de escolha profissional. Participaram 390 jovens com idades entre 14 e 20 anos (51,8% do sexo masculino). A partir das análises fatoriais exploratórias, foram extraídos dois fatores (Apoio à tomada de decisão vocacional e Apoio à exploração vocacional), obtendo-se bons valores de consistência interna (α=0,76 a α=0,85). As análises permitiram identificar uma estrutura fatorial adequada e evidências de fidedignidade, indicando que a escala possui potencial para ser utilizada no âmbito da pesquisa e da prática de aconselhamento de carreira. (AU)

Parent's involvement during children's professional decision-making process has been considered a significant support variable. This study aims to present the construction steps and psychometric properties of the Parental Involvement in Vocational Decision Scale. The scale was elaborated to evaluate adolescents' perception of their parents' attitudes towards the professional choice process. A total of 390 youth between 14 and 20 years of age (51.8% males) participated. Two factors were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis (support for vocational exploration and support for vocational decision-making), obtaining good internal consistency values (α=0.76 a α=0.85). The analyses permitted identification of an adequate factorial structure and reliability evidence, indicating that the scale has potential to be used in the scope of the research and practice of career counseling. (AU)

La participación de los padres durante el proceso de decisión profesional de los hijos ha sido considerada una variable de apoyo importante. Este estudio busca presentar las etapas de construcción y las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Participación Familiar en la Decisión Vocacional. Este fue desarrollado para evaluar la percepción de los adolescentes sobre las actitudes de los padres frente el proceso de elección profesional. Participaron 390 jóvenes con edades comprendidas entre 14 y 20 años (51,8% del sexo masculino). A partir de los análisis factoriales exploratorios, se extrajeron dos factores (Apoyo a la toma de decisión vocacional y Apoyo a la exploración vocacional), obteniéndose buenos valores de consistencia interna (α=0,76 a α=0,85). Los análisis permitieron identificar una estructura factorial adecuada y evidencias de fiabilidad, indicando que la escala posee el potencial para ser utilizada en el ámbito de la investigación y la práctica de la orientación profesional. (AU)