Determinantes sociais de saúde de crianças em consulta de puericultura: das condições socioeconômicas aos aspectos relacionados à saúde bucal / Social determinants of health of children in child care consultation: from socioeconomic conditions to aspects related to oral health / Determinantes sociales de la salud de los niños en la consulta infantil: de las condiciones socioeconómicas a los aspectos relacionados con la salud bucal

A imaturidade do sistema imunológico, associado a Determinantes Sociais de Saúde (DSS), promove doenças na infância. Especificamente, na cavidade oral, os DSS, representados pelo consumo elevado de açúcar, limitado acesso aos serviços de saúde e deficiência na higiene bucal, favorecem transtornos locais e sistêmicos. Assim, o estudo objetivou associar os DSS, no contexto das condições socioeconômicas, do acompanhamento pelo serviço de saúde e dos aspectos relacionados à saúde bucal de crianças atendidas em Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) de um município cearense. Trata-se de estudo observacional, analítico, transversal e de abordagem quantitativa, conduzido com crianças e suas mães em Acarape - CE. Após consentimento, essas preencheram um questionário. Os dados foram analisados. Das 70 mães, 87,14% e 90,00% tinham idade inferior ou igual a 30 anos e renda de até um salário mínimo, respectivamente. Das 70 crianças, 87,14% tinham seus dentes/gengiva higienizados por seus pais ou responsável. Do total, 94,29% nunca se submeteram a atendimento odontológico. Observou-se associação significativa entre a mãe ter escolaridade superior ao ensino fundamental incompleto e higienizar os dentes/gengiva do filho com escova dental e dentifrício. Constatou-se associação significativa entre a criança ingerir bolacha doce/recheada, não consumir refrigerante e usar escova dental e dentifrício na higienização oral. Conclui-se que as crianças eram acompanhadas nas UBS regularmente; no entanto, esse serviço não esteve relacionado ao atendimento odontológico. Apesar da ausência desse tipo de acompanhamento e do consumo de alimentos cariogênicos, as mães se preocupavam com a saúde bucal das crianças, higienizando a cavidade oral diariamente, com meios adequados.

The immaturity of the immune system, associated with Social Determi- nants of Health (SDH), promotes diseases in childhood. Specifically, in the oral cavity, SDH, represented by high sugar consumption, limited access to health services, and poor oral hygiene, favors local and systemic disorders. Thus, the study aimed to associate the SDH, in the context of socioeconomic conditions, monitoring by the health service and aspects related to children's oral health assisted in Basic Health Units (BHU) of a muni- cipality in Ceará. This is an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study with a quan- titative approach conducted with children and their mothers in Acarape - CE. After con- sent, they filled out a questionnaire. Data were analyzed. Of the 70 mothers, 87.14% and 90.00% were aged less than or equal to 30 years and had income up to one minimum wage, respectively. Of the 70 children, 87.14% had their teeth/gums cleaned by their pa- rents or guardian. Of the total, 94.29% never underwent dental care. There was a signifi- cant association between the mother having higher education than incomplete elementary school and cleaning the child's teeth/gums with a toothbrush and toothpaste. A significant association was found between the child eating sweet/stuffed biscuits, not consuming soft drink, and using a toothbrush and dentifrice for oral hygiene. It is concluded that the chil- dren were regularly monitored at the BHU; however, this service was not related to dental care. Despite the absence of this type of follow-up and the consumption of cariogenic foods, the mothers were concerned about their children's oral health, cleaning the oral cavity daily with adequate means.

La inmadurez del sistema inmunológico, asociada a los Determinantes So- ciales de la Salud (DSS), promueve enfermedades en la infancia. Específicamente, en la cavidad bucal, los DSS, representados por el alto consumo de azúcar, el acceso limitado a los servicios de salud y la mala higiene bucal, favorecen los trastornos locales y sisté- micos. Así, el estudio tuvo como objetivo asociar el DSS, en el contexto de las condicio- nes socioeconómicas, el seguimiento por el servicio de salud y los aspectos relacionados con la salud bucal de los niños atendidos en las Unidades Básicas de Salud (UBS) de un municipio de Ceará. Se trata de un estudio observacional, analítico, transversal con enfo- que cuantitativo, realizado con niños y sus madres en Acarape ­ CE. Después del consen- timiento, completaron un cuestionario. Los datos fueron analizados. De las 70 madres, 87,14% y 90,00% tenían edad menor o igual a 30 años e ingresos hasta un salario mínimo, respectivamente. De los 70 niños, al 87,14% se les limpió los dientes/encías por sus pa- dres o tutores. Del total, el 94,29% nunca realizó atención odontológica. Hubo una aso- ciación significativa entre la madre con educación superior a la primaria incompleta y la limpieza de los dientes/encías del niño con cepillo y pasta dental. Se encontró una asoci- ación significativa entre el niño que come galletas dulces/rellenas, no consume gaseosas y usa cepillo de dientes y dentífrico para la higiene bucal. Se concluyó que los niños eran monitoreados periódicamente en la UBS; sin embargo, este servicio no estaba relacionado con el cuidado dental. A pesar de la ausencia de este tipo de seguimiento y del consumo de alimentos cariogénicos, las madres se preocupan por la salud bucal de sus hijos, reali- zando la limpieza de la cavidad bucal diariamente, con medios adecuados.

Caries dental y factores asociados en población de 5-12 años

Introducción: Las enfermedades bucales se encuentran entre las cinco de mayor demanda de atención en los servicios de salud a nivel mundial. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una investigación observacional analítica retrospectiva de casos y controles, con el objetivo de determinar el grado de asociación entre la caries dental y los factores de riesgo en la población infantil de 5 a 12 años del Consultorio del Médico de la Familia no. 3, pertenecientes al Policlínico Docente Belkis Sotomayor Álvarez, del municipio Ciego de Ávila, durante el período de octubre de 2021 a marzo de 2022. El grupo de casos estuvo integrado por 62 niños, al igual que el grupo control. Se utilizó la técnica de independencia basada en la distribución de Chi-cuadrado, para determinar la presencia de asociación estadística entre variables cualitativas, y se realizó el cálculo del Odd ratio para la cuantificación de riesgo. Resultados: El grupo de 5 a 8 años fue el de mayor número de niños con caries dental, para un 59,7 %. El 62,9 % solo se cepillaban los dientes con una frecuencia de dos o menos veces al día. El antecedente de caries dental, la enfermedad gingival y la ingestión de alimentos azucarados, estuvieron relacionados con la aparición de caries dental. Conclusiones: La dieta cariogénica resultó ser el factor de riesgo con mayor puntaje en la incidencia de la caries dental en la muestra estudiada.

Introduction: Oral diseases are among the five diseases demanding more care in health services worldwide. Materials and methods: A descriptive, analytic, observational research of cases and controls was carried out, with the objective of determining the association degree between dental caries and risk factors in the child population aged from 5 to 12 years from the Family Physician Consultation Nr. 3, belonging to the Teaching Polyclinic Belkis Sotomayor Alvarez, in the municipality Ciego de Avila, during the period from October 2021 to March 2022. The case group consisted of 62 children, the same as the control group. The independence technique based on the Chi-square distribution was used to determine the presence of statistical association between qualitative variables, and the Odd ratio was calculated for risk quantification. Results: The group from 5 to 8 years was the one with higher number of children with dental caries, for 59.7%. 62.9% only brushed their teeth with a frequency of two or less times a day. History of dental caries, gingival disease and sugary food ingestion were related to the appearance of dental caries. Conclusions: The cariogenic diet proved to be the risk factor with the higher score in the incidence of dental caries in the sample studied.

Nivel de conocimiento sobre dieta cariogénica en madres con niños de 3 a 6 años

Introducción: La salud oral tiene un impacto durante todo el proceso del ciclo vital del ser humano. Los hábitos alimenticios inciden directamente en una buena salud bucal, donde la dieta cariogénica es de interés fundamental. Objetivo: Describir el nivel de conocimiento sobre dieta cariogénica de las madres con niños entre 3 y 6 años, bailarines de la Academia Stone en Ecuador. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo trasversal, el universo lo constituyeron las madres con niños en edades entre 3 y 6 años, se trabajó con todo el universo (n=25). Se definieron las variables: criterios que tomaban en cuenta para elegir los alimentos, cuidado de higiene bucal en los menores, frecuencia de ingesta de hidratos de carbonos, primera consulta odontológica, diagnóstico dado y motivo para no asistir a la consulta. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó un cuestionario tipo Likert. Resultados: El 75 % de las madres se basó en una tabla nutricional al momento de elegir un alimento. El 25 % refirió no leer una tabla nutricional por falta de tiempo y el 32 % refirió consumir alimentos fuera de casa los fines de semana. El 20 % no cepillaba los dientes de sus niños. En la primera consulta el 60 % indicó que ya contaban con caries y el 50 % no había asistido a dicha consulta, de estos últimos el 30 % debido a limitaciones económicas. Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimiento sobre dieta cariogénica en madres con niños de 3 a 6 años es insuficiente.

Introduction: Good oral health has an essential impact throughout the human life cycle. The correct eating habits have proven to be effective on good oral health, where cariogenic diet is of fundamental interest. Objective: To describe the level of knowledge about cariogenic diet of mothers with children between 3 and 6 years old, dancers at the Stone Dance Academy in Ecuador. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out; the universe was constituted of mothers (n=25) with children between 3 and 6 years of age, involved all of them in the research. The following variables were defined: criteria they took into account when choosing food for children, oral hygiene care they maintained in children, frequency of carbohydrates, first dental consultation, diagnosis given at the dentist's office, and which was the reason why the mothers not taken their children to their first dental visit. A Likert-type questionnaire was used for the information collected. Results: The 75% of mothers relied on a nutritional table when choosing the food for their children intake. The 25% reported not reading a nutritional table due to lack of time and 32% reported consuming food away from home on weekends. The 20% 20 % did not brush their children's teeth. At the first dental check-up, 60% indicated that they already had caries, 50% had never been attended such a consultation, where from them 30% reported never been attend due to low income. Conclusions: The level of knowledge about cariogenic diet in mothers with children from 3 to 6 years of age is insufficient.

Introdução: A saúde oral tem impacto em todo o processo do ciclo de vida do ser humano. Os hábitos alimentares afetam diretamente a boa saúde bucal, onde a dieta cariogênica é de fundamental interesse. Objetivo: Descrever o nível de conhecimento sobre dieta cariogênica de mães com filhos de 3 a 6 anos, bailarinas da Academia Stone do Equador. Método: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo transversal, o universo foi constituído por mães com filhos entre os 3 e os 6 anos, trabalhamos com todo o universo (n=25). Foram definidas as variáveis: critérios tidos em conta para a escolha dos alimentos, cuidados de higiene oral nos menores, frequência da ingestão de hidratos de carbono, primeira consulta dentária, diagnóstico dado e motivo da não comparência à consulta. Para a coleta de informações, foi utilizado um questionário do tipo Likert. Resultados: 75% das mães se basearam na tabela nutricional para escolher um alimento. 25% relataram não fazer a leitura da tabela nutricional por falta de tempo e 32% relataram consumir alimentos fora de casa nos finais de semana. 20% não escovavam os dentes dos filhos. Na primeira consulta, 60% indicaram que já tinham cárie e 50% não compareceram à consulta, destes 30% por limitações econômicas. Conclusões: O nível de conhecimento sobre dieta cariogênica em mães com filhos de 3 a 6 anos é insuficiente.

Cambios del pH salival por ingesta cariogénica y no cariogénica en preescolares de Huaura, Perú / Salivary pH changes caused by cariogenic and non-cariogenic food intake in preschoolers from Huaura, Peru

Introducción: El tipo de dieta influye directamente en el valor del pH salival, el cual es un factor importante para evitar la formación de caries. Objetivo: Evaluar el cambio del pH salival por ingesta cariogénica y no cariogénica en preescolares de una institución educativa de Huaura, Perú. Métodos: Esta investigación fue de tipo observacional, comparativo y longitudinal. El tamaño de muestra fue de 30 preescolares. Después que los niños consumieron dieta cariogénica y no cariogénica, se evaluó su pH a diferentes tiempos. Para el contraste de resultados se utilizó la prueba T Student y U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: El pH salival con dieta no cariogénica a los cinco minutos fue 7,11 ± 0,19 y 7,09 ± 0,20, y, a los 40 minutos, 7,46 ± 0,19 y 7,42 ± 0,22, en mujeres y hombres, respectivamente. El pH salival con dieta cariogénica en mujeres fue 6,56 ± 0,21 a los cinco minutos y 7,15 ± 0,12 a los 60 minutos; mientras que, en los hombres, para iguales rangos de tiempos fue 6,47 ± 0,32 y 7,23 ± 0,22, respectivamente. Al realizar las comparaciones entre grupos de dieta cariogénica y no cariogénica se observaron diferencias muy significativas (p < 0,01). Conclusiones: Para la dieta cariogénica el pH disminuye como máximo a los cinco minutos y se restablece a partir de los 60 minutos. Para la dieta no cariogénica disminuye en el mismo tiempo pero se recupera a los 40 minutos, siendo este proceso similar en ambos géneros(AU)

Introduction: Salivary pH, an important factor in caries prevention, is under the direct influence of diet type. Objective: Evaluate salivary pH changes caused by cariogenic and non-cariogenic food intake in preschoolers from an educational institution in Huaura, Peru. Methods: An observational longitudinal comparative study was conducted of a sample of 30 preschoolers. After the children consumed cariogenic and non-cariogenic food, their salivary pH was evaluated at various times. Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to contrast results. Results: Salivary pH with a non-cariogenic diet at five minutes was 7.11 ± 0.19 and 7.09 ± 0.20; whereas at 40 minutes it was 7.46 ± 0.19 and 7.42 ± 0.22, in female and male participants, respectively. Salivary pH with a cariogenic diet in women was 6.56 ± 0.21 at five minutes and 7.15 ± 0.12 at 60 minutes, whereas values in men for the same time ranges were 6.47 ± 0.32 and 7.23 ± 0.22, respectively. Comparison between the cariogenic and non-cariogenic diet groups revealed very significant differences (p < 0.01). Conclusions: With a cariogenic diet, pH is reduced at five minutes maximum, and is restored as of 60 minutes. With a non-cariogenic diet, pH is reduced in the same time period, but is restored at 40 minutes. This process is similar in the two genders(AU)

Dieta, higiene bucal y riesgo de caries dental en niños escolares de Concepcion, durante el confinamiento por COVID-19

RESUMEN Introducción: El confinamiento por el covid 19 alejó a los niños del acompañamiento odontológico preventivo que favorece a las practicas que disminuyen el riesgo de instalación y desarrollo de la caries dental. Objetivo: Describir características de la dieta, en cuanto a consumo de azucares libres y la higiene bucal, de niños escolares de la ciudad Concepción, Paraguay, durante el confinamiento por el Covid 19. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizaron entrevistas vía telefonía celular a padres o encargados y a un hijo/a matriculado en el 1er o 2do ciclo de la institución, luego de obtener consentimiento informado del adulto responsable, a través de un mensaje de texto. Fueron realizadas las entrevistas hasta completar el tamaño de la muestra, establecido en 110, con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Los encuestadores fueron calibrados en 3 encuentros virtuales en el manejo del instrumento de encuesta/recuento de alimentos de 24 horas, adaptado para este trabajo. Resultados: En cuanto a la dieta, 108 niños consumían azúcares libres "AL" en diferentes horarios, 60 de ellos (55%) = o > a 4 momentos de AL/día, esto mostró asociación con el nivel de educación primario de los padres o encargados (p=.03). A su vez, 56 niños (51%) consumían AL entre comidas, con más frecuencia, en las siguientes presentaciones: confitería 48%; jugos artificiales 39%. Se cepillan los dientes 2 a 3 veces al día (85%). Conclusión: Poco más de la mitad de los niños e consumía 4 o más veces alimentos con azúcares libres durante el día; el 51% de niños lo consumen entre comidas, principalmente en las siguientes presentaciones: productos de confitería y jugos azucarados, estas características de la dieta podrían poner a los niños en riesgo de caries dental.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Confinement due to Covid 19 kept children away from preventive dental care, which favors practices that reduce the risk of dental caries development. Objective: To describe the dietary intake patterns, in terms of free sugar consumption, and oral hygiene, of school-aged children in the city of Concepción, Paraguay, during confinement by Covid 19. Materials and Methods: Interviews were conducted via cell phone with parents or guardíans and a child enrolled in the 1st or 2nd cycle of elementary education, after obtaining informed consent from the responsible adult, through a text message. Interviews were carried out until the sample size was completed, established at 110, with a 95% confidence interval. The interviewers were trained during 3 virtual meetings on how to handle the 24-hour food survey / counting instrument, adapted for this study. Results: Regarding diet, 108 children consumed free sugars (FS) at different times, 60 of them (55%) > 4 servings of FS / day, this was associated with the parents' or caregivers' level of primary education (p = .03). At the same time, 56 children (51%) consumed FS between meals, more frequently, in the following presentations: Baked goods 48%; artificial juices 39%. Subjects brushed their teeth 2 to 3 times a day (85%). Conclusion: Just over half of children ate 4 or more foods with free sugars during the day; 51% of children consumed them between meals, mainly in the following presentations: baked goods and sugary juices. These dietary patterns could put children at risk of dental caries.

Saúde bucal de pré-escolares: do processo carioso aos fatores determinantes e moduladores / Preschool oral health: from carious process to determining and modulators

Objetivo: objetivou-se avaliar a experiência de cárie e seus fatores determinantes e moduladores em pré- -escolares de um centro de educação infantil localizado no estado do Ceará. Método: trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo e de abordagem quantitativa realizado com crianças do infantil IV e V do Centro de Educação Infantil Francisca Arruda de Pontes (Redenção, CE) e suas mães. Após consentimento, as mães responderam um questionário contendo perguntas desde os aspectos socioeconômicos e acompanhamento pelo serviço de saúde a conhecimento das doenças bucais. Posteriormente, as crianças foram submetidas à avaliação odontológica para registro do índice CEO-D, o qual corresponde à soma do número de dentes decíduos cariados (c), com extração indicada (e) e restaurados (o). Os dados foram tabulados e descritos como frequência relativa e absoluta. Resultados: das mães, 80,75% tinham renda de até 1 salário mínimo, 61,53% utilizavam creme dental na higiene oral de seu filho e 48,07% desconheciam as doenças bucais. Das crianças, 65,38% não eram atendidas pelo cirurgião-dentista e 50,00% consumiam diariamente bolacha doce. Das crianças avaliadas, 52,50% tinham dentes cariados, 70,00% não apresentavam dentes com extração indicada e nenhuma tinha dentes obturados/restaurados. A média do índice CEO-D foi 1,325. Conclusão: conclui-se que as crianças, apesar de terem baixa prevalência de cárie, apresentam, como fatores de risco determinantes, uma dieta cariogênica e, como fatores de risco moduladores, um reduzido conhecimento sobre doenças bucais, higiene oral inadequada, renda familiar insuficiente, baixa escolaridade e limitada procura por serviço de saúde, especialmente o odontológico.(AU)

Objective: to evaluate the experience of caries and its determining and modulating factors in preschoolers at an early childhood education center located in the state of Ceará. Method: this is an exploratory, descriptive study with a quantitative approach carried out with children from infant IV and V of the Francisca Arruda de Pontes Early Childhood Center (Redenção, CE) and their mothers. After consent, the mothers answered a questionnaire containing questions from the socioeconomic aspects and monitoring by the health service to knowledge of oral diseases. Subsequently, the children underwent dental evaluation to record the dmf Index, which corresponds to the sum of the number of decayed primary teeth (d), missing (m) and filled (f). The data were tabulated and described as relative and absolute frequency. Results: of the mothers, 80.75% had an income of up to 1 minimum wage, 61.53% used toothpaste in their child's oral hygiene and 48.07% were unaware of oral diseases. Of the children, 65.38% were not attended by the dentist and 50.00% consumed sweet cookies daily. Of the children evaluated, 52.50% had decayed teeth, 70.00% did not have teeth with indicated extraction and none had filled/ restored teeth. The average of the dmf Index was 1.325. Conclusion: it is concluded that children, despite having a low prevalence of caries, present, as determining risk factors, a cariogenic diet and, as modulating risk factors, a reduced knowledge about oral diseases, inadequate oral hygiene, family income insufficient, low education and limited demand for health services, especially dental care.(AU)

El conocimiento sobre salud bucal de padres y maestros de la Escuela especial La Edad de Oro / Oral health knowledge of parents and teachers at La Edad de Oro special school

RESUMEN Introducción: los escolares discapacitados se caracterizan por presentar numerosos factores de riesgo asociados a diversas enfermedades bucales. En esta etapa se requiere de la participación de padres y educadores que les enseñen hábitos básicos para el cuidado de la salud bucal. Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de conocimiento en salud bucal de padres y educadores. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal en la escuela primaria especial La Edad de Oro, de Holguín, de enero a abril de 2016. El universo estuvo constituido por 203 adultos y la muestra por 126. Se aplicó un cuestionario con temas relacionados con la higiene bucal, la dieta cariogénica y los hábitos bucales deformantes. Resultados: el nivel de conocimiento sobre salud bucal fue regular en el sexo femenino, en el 71,6%, y en el masculino fue malo, en el 46,7%. De acuerdo con el nivel de escolaridad, el de secundaria presentó nivel de conocimiento malo (53,3%); sólo el 8,6% de los adultos obtuvo mal. Se desconocían hábitos bucales deformantes, como la deglución atípica, la queilofagia y los hábitos posturales, en el 91,3%, el 90,5% y el 85,7% de los participantes, respectivamente. Conclusiones: los padres y educadores de los niños discapacitados presentaron en su mayoría, niveles de conocimientos regulares sobre salud bucal.

ABSTRACT Introduction: handicapped children may present different symptoms of several buccal diseases. Parents and teachers concern are required in order to teach them basic habits to keep a good oral health. Objective: to evaluate parents and teachers level of knowledge about oral health. Method: a cross sectional research at La Edad de Oro Special Primary School, was carried out in Holguín from January to April 2016. Universe was 203 adults and sample 126. A survey including several topics related to oral hygiene, cariogenic diet and deformation of buccal habits, was applied. Results: the level of knowledge about oral health was regular for females (71.6%) and it was bad for males (46.7%). High level participants presented bad knowledge with 53.3 % and only 8.6% showed a poor knowledge level. Deforming oral habits suchs as: atypical swallowing (91.3%), cheilophagia (90.5%) and postural habits (85.7%) were ignored by the participants at these levels. Conclusions: most handicapped children's parents and teachers showed regular knowledge levels about oral health.

Intervención educativa sobre caries dental en escolares de sexto grado / Educational intervention on dental caries in sixth grade school children

Introducción: la caries dental es el problema de salud pública que más aqueja a la sociedad, desde los grandes faraones egipcios hasta los actuales presidentes, casi todos, en algún momento de su vida, han padecido esta enfermedad. Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de una intervención educativa referente a la caries dental en escolares de sexto grado. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de intervención educativa, en escolares de sexto grado de la escuela primaria Dalquis Sánchez, de Holguín, en el período septiembre de 2015-abril de 2016. El universo de la investigación fue de 138 escolares, la muestra conformada por 58 pacientes diagnosticados con caries dental. Se estudiaron variables, como sexo y nivel de conocimiento sobre la enfermedad. Resultados: de los escolares afectados con caries dental 31 (53,4%) pertenecían al sexo masculino, con predominio sobre el femenino. Antes de aplicar el programa educativo, 43 escolares (74,1%) presentaban conocimientos inadecuados sobre generalidades de caries y algunos factores de riesgo; luego el 52 (89,7%) de los escolares tuvieron un conocimiento adecuado. Previo a la labor educativa, el 84,5% de los participantes poseían conocimiento inadecuado en lo que respecta al correcto cepillado y su frecuencia; al realizarla, el 91,4% logró un conocimiento adecuado. Al analizar lo referente a la dieta cariogénica y dieta protectora, observamos que al inicio de la intervención sólo 11 estudiantes presentaban un conocimiento adecuado del tema en cuestión, al aplicar el programa 48 escolares (82,8%) tuvieron una apreciación correcta del tema. Conclusiones: el nivel de conocimiento referente a caries dental era inadecuado antes de aplicar el programa educativo, luego de aplicado, la intervención educativa demostró ser un método certero, lo cual comprobó la efectividad del programa implementado.

Introduction: tooth decay is the public health problem that afflicts most of society, from the great Egyptian pharaohs to the current presidents, almost everyone at some point in their lives, have suffered from this disease. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention regarding dental caries in sixth grade school students. Methods: an educational intervention study was carried out in 6th grade students of the Dalquis Sánchez primary school in Holguín, in the period September 2015-April 2016. The universe of the research was 138 patients, in a sample consisting of 58 patients diagnosed with dental caries. Variables were studied, such as sex and level of knowledge about the disease. Results: of the students affected with dental caries 31 (53.4%) belonged to the male sex, with predominance over the female. Before applying the educational program, 43 schoolchildren (74.1%) had inadequate knowledge about dental caries and some risk factors; then 52 (89.7%) of the students had adequate knowledge. Prior to the educational work, 84.5% of the participants had inadequate knowledge regarding the correct brushing and its frequency; 91.4% achieved adequate knowledge. When analyzing the reference to the cariogenic diet and protective diet, it was found that at the beginning of the intervention only 11 students had an adequate knowledge of the subject in question, when applying the program 48 students (82.8%) had a correct appreciation of the topic. Conclusions: the level of knowledge regarding dental caries was inadequate before applying the educational program, after applied the educational intervention proved to be an accurate method, which proved the effectiveness of the implemented program.

Knowledge of triathlon athletes about the relationship between oral health and performance

Introduction: The triathlon athletes have great energy loss due to physical activity of high intensity and resets are based on a highcarbohydrate diet and acid elements (acids replacers), both substrates to decay and periodontal disease. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate, through a questionnaire whether triathlon athletes relate oral health to their physical performance. Material and methods: We developed a questionnaire with 20 objective questions and applied during marathons and at fitness centers, in the city of Curitiba, in 2015. Results: The majority of athletes use supplements with high levels of carbohydrates and acids for energy replacement daily and do not brush their teeth after workouts / nutrition. Of the 254 respondents, only 96 relate oral health to their performance in sports. Conclusion: The athletes do not relate the importance of oral health care to performance and largely do not brush the teeth after the activities, leaving the oral environment more susceptible to the onset of periodontal disease and caries, which can decrease their performance. It is necessary to inform triathlon athletes about the relationship oral health x systemic health x performance, as well as the dentists about the need of oral health care for these athletes.

Avaliação de diários alimentares de crianças atendidas na clínica infantil de uma universidade privada de São Paulo / Daily food records evaluation of children treated in children's dental clinic of a private universidade de São Paulo

Como o início da ingestão da sacarose tem sido cada vez mais precoce, a avaliação da dieta infantil tem sido fundamental para enquadrar o paciente em um programa preventivo odontológico de qualidade e eficiência, para promoção de saúde bucal. Para a pesquisa, foram utilizados 60 diários alimentares, obtidos de prontuários de crianças atendidas na Clínica Odontológica Infantil de uma universidade privada de São Paulo, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (CAAE 49117815.0.000.5512). O objetivo foi estabelecer o risco cariogênico da dieta. Esses diários foram analisados em relação à frequência de ingestão de sacarose e à pegajosidade dos alimentos ingeridos, para determinação do risco cariogênico da dieta. A pegajosidade dos alimentos ingeridos nas refeições principais e nas entre refeições apresentou uma diferença estatisticamente significante (p=0,0003). O número de entre refeições, apresentou um valor maior que o preconizado para um risco cariogênico baixo da dieta, que seria dois, porém não mostrou resultado estatisticamente significante. Os resultados permitiram concluir que o risco cariogênico da dieta foi alto e que para a elaboração de um protocolo preventivo é necessária a avaliação dos alimentos que apresentam consistência pegajosa, que implicam em um maior risco cariogênico da dieta, assim como a frequência de ingestão de alimentos, principalmente os que contem sacarose. Palavras-chave: cárie dental; dieta cariogênica; fatores de risco(AU)

Since the ingestion of sucrose has been increasingly premature, the assessment of a child's diet has been essential to integrate the patient in a quality and efficiency preventive dental program in order to promote the oral health. For the research, it was used 60 daily food records from the children treated at Children's Dental Clinic of the Universidade Paulista (FOUNIP) - Campus Indianópolis, São Paulo, after sanction by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE 49117815.0.000.5512). The diaries were analyzed by the frequency of ingestion of sucrose and the stickiness of the food ingested, to determine the cariogenic risk's in a diet. The stickiness of the food eaten at main meals and between the meals showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0003). The number between meals, presented an higher recommended value for a low risk cariogenic diet, although it would be two, however it presented no significant results. Moreover, the results presented that for the preparation of a preventive protocol is necessary to estimate foods that have sticky consistency, which results in an higher cariogenic risk in a diet, furthermore as the frequency of ingested food, especially those that contain sucrose.(AU)

Principales afecciones dentomaxilofaciales en estudiantes de 12 años de la Escuela Secundaria Básica Urbana "Antonio Maceo Grajales" / Main dental and maxillofacial disorders in 12-year students from "Antonio Maceo Grajales" urban high schoo

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 84 estudiantes de 12 años de la Escuela Secundaria Básica Urbana "Antonio Maceo Grajales" de Santiago de Cuba, atendidos en la Clínica Estomatológica Provincial Docente "Mártires del Moncada" de esta ciudad, desde septiembre de 2012 hasta junio de 2013, para determinar las principales afecciones dentomaxilofaciales en ellos. Se tomaron en cuenta las variables: sexo, edad, factores de riesgo de las afecciones bucales, hábitos bucales deformantes (succión digital, lengua protráctil, respiración bucal y onicofagia); estados de la dentición, gingival y de la oclusión, clasificación epidemiológica, examen extrabucal y necesidad de tratamiento. En la casuística predominaron el sexo femenino, la higiene bucal deficiente, la dieta cariogénica y la onicofagia. Se concluyó que era indispensable elevar los conocimientos sobre salud bucal para prevenir afecciones estomatológicas...

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 84 students with 12 years of age from "Antonio Maceo Grajales" urban high school in Santiago de Cuba, assisted in "Mártires del Moncada" Stomatological Teaching Provincial Clinic of this city was carried out from September, 2012 to June, 2013 to determine the main dental and maxillofacial disorders in them. The variables: sex, age, risk factors of the oral disorders, deforming oral habits (digital suction, protractil tongue, oral breathing and onichophagy); teeth, gingiva and occlusion states, epidemiologic classification, extraoral exam and treatment needs, were taken into account. The female sex, scarce oral hygiene, the cariogenic diet and the onichophagia prevailed in the case material. It is concluded that it was necessary to elevate knowledge on oral health to prevent stomatological disorders...

The influence of the type of birth and the mother´s diet on the breastfeeding period / La influencia del tipo de nacimiento y dieta materna en el período de lactancia

The prenatal aspects may influence the duration of breastfeeding of newborns, which when reduced harm to their development brings cranio-orofacial. Correlate the type of delivery and maternal diet with breastfeeding period. This was a descriptive study based on the records of the medical records of 820 dyads of mothers and newborns participating in the University Extension Baby Clinic. The results were analyzed, considering a significance level of 5 percent. The absence of complications during pregnancy was a positive factor for the occurrence of vaginal delivery in 94 percent of the sample (p< 0.001). It was found a high percentage of cesarean delivery (43 percent). The number of caesarean sections in women with cariogenic diet was higher than in women with non-cariogenic diet. The women who have a cariogenic diet does not have a tendency to breastfeed their children for more than 6 months (p<0.01). Also there was an association between vaginal delivery and longer period of 6 months of breastfeeding (p<0.001). The collected sample mode of delivery and maternal diet influence the duration of breastfeeding.

Los aspectos prenatales pueden influir en la duración de la lactancia materna de los recién nacidos y cuando ésta se reduce puede alterar el desarrollo cráneo- orofacial. El objetivo de esta investigación fue correlacionar el tipo de parto y la dieta materna con el tiempo de duración de la lactancia materna. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo sobre la base de los registros de las historias clínicas de 820 binomios madres-recién nacidos asistentes a la Clínica del Bebé de Extensión Universitaria. Se analizaron los resultados, considerando un nivel de significación del 5 por ciento La ausencia de complicaciones durante el embarazo fue un punto positivo para la ocurrencia de parto vaginal en el 94 por ciento de la muestra (p < 0,001). Se encontró un alto porcentaje de partos por cesárea (43 por ciento). El número de cesáreas en mujeres con dieta cariogénica fue mayor que en las mujeres con la dieta no cariogénica. Las mujeres que tienen una dieta no cariogénica tenían una tendencia a amamantar a sus hijos durante más de 6 meses (p<0,01). También hubo una asociación entre el parto vaginal y mayor período de 6 meses de lactancia materna (p<0,001). En la muestra analizada el tipo de parto y la dieta materna influencian la duración de la lactancia materna.

Caries dental en adolescentes de una comunidad venezolana / Dental decay in adolescents of a Venezuelan community

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 240 adolescentes de 12-14 años de edad, atendidos en la consulta de Odontología de la comunidad de Palmira, Estado de Táchira, de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, desde enero hasta septiembre de 2011, para identificar los principales factores de riesgo que favorecieron la aparición de caries. En la serie, la prevalencia de caries fue 83,3 por cada 100 niños examinados y se comprobó que el cepillado deficiente y la ingestión de alimentos ricos en carbohidratos influyeron en que el índice de dientes cariados-obturados y perdidos fuera elevado, de manera que se recomienda realizar acciones educativas para lograr estilos de vida más saludables en este grupo poblacional.

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 240 adolescents with 12-14 years, assisted in the Odontology Department of Palmira community, Táchira state, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela was carried out from January to September, 2011, to identify the main risk factors favoring the cavity was found. In the series, the cavity prevalence was 83.3 every 100 examined children, and it was proven that the scarce brushing and the ingestion of foods rich in carbohydrates influenced on the high index of damaged-filled and lost teeth so that it is recommended to carry out educative actions to achieve healthier lifestyles in this populational group.

Urgencias por caries dental en pacientes de 4 a 12 años. Municipio Píritu, Venezuela: 2011 / Dental caries urgencies in patients aged 4 to 12 years. Municipality of Píritu, Venezuela: 2011

Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en los pacientes que acudieron a la clínica odontológica de Píritu, estado Falcón, Venezuela, en el período de junio a diciembre de 2011, y resultaron ser urgencia por caries dental. Con el objetivo de identificar el comportamiento de la misma, en las edades de 4 a 12 años, se clasificó la caries dental según localización y profundidad de las lesiones, se diagnosticó las patologías pulpares agudas encontradas con mayor frecuencia, y los factores de riesgo. Con una muestra dirigida de 160 niños; la información se obtuvo a través de diferentes técnicas, tales como: interrogatorio a pacientes y familiares, observación clínica extraoral e intraoral, palpación, exploración y percusión de los dientes. Como resultados se obtuvieron: mayor porcentaje en el sexo masculino y en el grupo 7 a 9 años, mayor aporte de los casos la pulpitis transitoria, donde las caras de los dientes más afectadas resultaron las caras oclusales y dentina superficial, los factores de riesgo más relacionados con la aparición de la caries, fueron placa dentobacteriana y dieta cariogénica.

We carried out a cross sectional, descriptive, observational study in patients assisting the odontological clinic of Píritu, Falcon State, Venezuela, in the period from June to December 2011, who were dental caries urgencies; the aim was identifying caries behavior in ages from 4 to 12 years; dental caries were classified according to the lesions location and deepness; the most frequently found acute pulpy pathologies, and the risk factors were diagnosed. With a directed sample of 160 children, the information was obtained using different techniques, like patients and relatives questioning, extra oral and intra oral observation, groping, and teeth exploration and percussion. As a result we found a higher percent of the male gender and the age group from 7 to 9 years; most of the cases were transitory pulp diseases, and the most affected teeth sides were the occlusal sides and surface dentina; the most common risk factors associated to caries appearing were dental bacterial plaque and cariogenic diet.

La caries dental y los factores relacionados en una población de adultos de la ciudad de la rioja, Argentina / The dental caries and related factors in adult population of the city of rioja, Argentina

La caries dental es un proceso patológico post-eruptivo, localizado, externo, involucra un reblandecimiento de los tejidos duros del diente procediendo a la formación de una cavidad1. Se determinó la presencia de caries dental, su relación con factores patológicos y preventivos en adultos de La Rioja, Argentina. A partir de 183 adultos de 25 a 35 años de edad se estudiaron los dientes con caries, obturaciones, perdidos e índice CPOD y se registraron en una ficha dental. Por cada adulto se obtuvo una historia clínica. El 77% de los adultos presentó un promedio de 3,73±4,28 caries, 4,75±4,61 obturaciones, 1,91±2,92 perdidos e índice CPOD 10,39±5,90. El CPOD para el género femenino fue mayor que para el masculino (p=0,042). La caries se relacionó con bajo nivel de educación (p=0,0001), ingreso económico (p=0,0086), cepillado dental diario (p=0,0340), cepillado nocturno (p=0,0018), con consulta prevalente por dolor (p<0,0001), falta de visita bucal anual (p=0,0003) y de obra social (p=0,0064). La caries dental es una enfermedad presente en la población adulta se asocia con bajo nivel de educación, económico y preventivo dental. Necesita del abordaje económico cultural integrado de la sociedad para mejorar la salud bucal del adulto y asegurar su calidad de vida en su senectud.

The dental caries is defined a post eruptive pathological process of external origin located tooth involves softening of the hard tissues of the tooth proceeding consequently to the formation of a tooth cavity1. The presence of dental caries was determined, its relationship with pathological and preventive factors in adults of La Rioja, Argentina. From 183 adults from 25-35 years of age, were studied decayed, fillings, missing teeth and index DMFT and recorded on a dental chart. For each adult, a clinic history was obtained. The 77% of adults had a mean of 3,73 ±4,28 caries, 4,75 ±4,61 filling, 1,91 ±2,92 missing and DMFT 10,39 ±5,90. The DMFT was higher for the female gender than for males (p=0,042). Caries was associated with low level of education (p=0,0001), low income (p=0,0086) lack tooth daily brushing (p<0,0340), lack of night brushing (p=0,018), check only for pain (p< 0,0001), lack of annual dental visit (p=0,0003) and absence of coverage social (p=0,0064). Dental caries is a disease present in the population of adults, is associated with low level education, economic and lack of prevention dental. Requires a socio cultural economic work of society to improve the oral health of adults and ensure their senescence.

Caries e índice de higiene oral en niños con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 / Dental caries and hygiene oral index in children with diabetes mellitus type 1

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) influye en la salud oral. Una alta glicemia podría asociarse a una disminución del flujo salival, acumulo de placa bacteriana y formación de caries. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia de caries e índice de higiene oral (IHO) en niños con DM1 de la Región del Maule-Chile del año 2008. Pacientes y Método: Se diseñó un estudio de corte transversal. Se examinó población menor de 15 años con DM1 del Hospital Regional de Talca. Se registró historia de caries (dientes cariados/obturados/ perdidos) según índice COPD-ceod; IHO (> 1,2 alto acumulo de placa) y potencial cariogénico de dieta (alto/ medio/bajo). Se analizó la relación estadística entre historia de caries con sexo, IHO y dieta. Resultados: 25 niños con DM1 fueron analizados. La prevalencia de caries fue 92 por ciento siendo mayormente en hombres (p = 0,03) y asociada a una mala higiene (p < 0,01). El promedio COPD-ceod fue 2,96 +/- 2,33 y 2 +/- 2,64 respectivamente. El IHO promedio fue 1,8 +/- 2,64 siendo 84 por ciento tipo mala. 21 niños (84 por ciento) tuvieron un potencial cariogénico de dieta bajo, no asociándose a la presencia de caries (p = 0,17). Conclusión: La salud oral de los niños DM1 fue precaria pudiendo corresponder directamente a la mala higiene oral y no con la dieta consumida.

Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (DM1) undeniably affects oral health. High glucose levels may be associated with low salivary flow, accumulation of plaque and tooth decay. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of caries and Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) in children with DM1 in Maule Region, Chile during 2008. Patients and Method: A cross-sectional study was designed to examine patients under 15 years old with DM1, who were admitted to Talca Regional Hospital. History of caries (decayed, sealed and lost teeth) was registered according to the COPD-dmft index, OHI (> 1.2 high accumulation of plaque) and potential of cariogenic diet (high, medium or low). The statistical relationship between caries history and gender, OHI and diet was analyzed. Results: 25 children cases with DM1 were studied; the prevalence of caries was 92 percent, which was mostly in boys (p = 0.03) and associated with poor hygiene (p < 0.01). The average COPD- ceod index was 2.96 +/- 2.33 and 2 +/- 2.64 respectively. The average OHI was 1.8 +/- 2.64, 84 percent corresponded to bad oral hygiene. 21 children (84 percent had a diet with low cariogenic potential, not associated to the presence of caries (p = 0.17). Conclusion: The children oral health was precarious and it may be associated directly with poor oral hygiene and not with the food consumed.

Análise da Dieta e Condição de Saúde Bucal em PacientesGestantes / Analysis of the Diet and Oral Health Condition in Pregnant Patients

Objeti vo: Realizar uma análise críti ca do modelo de registrode dieta adotado, avaliar a cariogenicidade da alimentaçãomaterna e a condição de cárie dentária em gestantes atendidasem uma clínica de prevenção em uma escola de graduação emOdontologia.Método: Foi realizada uma pesquisa transversal, com consultasao banco de dados da clínica e análise dos prontuários e diáriosde registro alimentar. Foi realizado o cálculo da amostra eselecionadas aleatoriamente 205 pacientes. Foram realizadostestes estatí sti cos bivariados, ao nível de signifi cância de 5%(α=0,05), uti lizando-se os soft wares estatí sti cos Epi Info versão3.2, GraphPad Instat 3.6 e BioEstat.Resultados: A parti r do diário da dieta, observou-se que68,8% das gestantes apresentavam dieta cariogência, comuma alta frequência de ingestão de carboidratos fermentáveis,principalmente sacarose, de consistência líquida, consumidospreferencialmente entre as principais refeições. Houve umamaior tendência das gestantes em citarem uma frequênciabaixa de ingestão de carboidratos durante a entrevista deanamnese, enquanto ao contrário registrava-se no diário umadieta rica neste componente (p<0,0001). O CPOD médio daspacientes foi 13,9±5,4. Não houve associação estatí sti ca entredieta e variáveis de saúde bucal (p>0,05).Conclusão: O registro do diário da dieta mostrou-se ummétodo efeti vo e válido, desde que corretamente uti lizado. Aprevalência de cárie dentária no grupo de gestantes foi alta e,apesar de apresentarem dieta cariogênica em mais da metadeda amostra, não foi encontrada associação estatí sti ca entredieta e co-fatores...

Objecti ve: To perform a criti cal analysis of the diet record modeladopted, to evaluate the cariogenicity of the maternal diet, andthe incidence of dental caries in pregnant women treated at apreventi on clinic in an undergraduate dental course.Method: A cross-secti onal study was performed withconsultati ons to the database of the clinic and review ofpati ents’ charts and diet records. The sample was calculatedand 205 pati ents were randomly selected. Bivariate stati sti calanalysis was done at a signifi cance level of 5% (α=0.05), usingthe stati sti cal soft wares Epi Info versão 3.2, GraphPad Instat 3.6and BioEstat.Results: The analysis of the diet records showed that 68.8%of the pregnant women presented a cariogenic diet, with highfrequency of ingesti on of fermentable carbon hydrates, mainlysucrose, with liquid consistency, and preferably consumedbetween the main meals. There was higher trend of thepregnant women menti oning a low frequency of carbon hydrateingesti on during the interview, while registering a diet rich ofthese components in their diet records (p<0.0001). The meanDMFT of the pati ents was 13.9 ± 5.4. There was no stati sti callysignifi cant associati on between diet and oral health variables(p>0.05).Conclusion: The diet record was proven an eff ecti ve and validmethod, if correctly employed. The prevalence of dental cariesin the group of pregnant women was high and, although morethan half of the sample presented a cariogenic diet, a signifi cantassociati on between diet and co-factors was not found...

A importância da prática de alimentação, higiene bucal e fatores sócio-econômicos na prevalência da cárie precoce da infância em pré-escolares de Itatiba-SP / The importance of feeding practices, oral hygiene and socioeconomic factors in the early childhood caries prevalence in preschool children from Itatiba-SP

Objetivo: Verificar se a dieta, incluindo hábitos de aleitamento, a higiene bucal e os fatores sócio-econômicos podem ser considerados indicadores de risco para a cárie precoce da infância (CPI) em pré-escolares de Itatiba-SP. Material e método: A amostra foi constituída por 288 crianças, de 3 a 4 anos, que freqüentavam pré-escolas públicas do município de Itatiba-SP. Uma cirurgiã-dentista calibrada (Kappa=0,78) realizou exame físico para a determinação da presença de biofilme dentário e do índice de cárie. Para a avaliação da dieta foi empregado um diário alimentar, enquanto hábitos de aleitamento, higiene bucal, etnia, renda familiar e escolaridade materna foram avaliados por um questionário. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste qui-quadrado/exato de Fisher, seguido de regressão logística múltipla (alfa=0,05) expressa por razão de chances (odds ratio -OR). Resultados: A ingestão de açúcar na forma sólida 3 ou mais vezes ao dia (OR=4,5), a amamentação não exclusiva no peito por 12 meses ou mais (OR=2,0), a presença de biofilme dentário nos incisivos superiores (OR=3,1) e o fato de levar lanche para consumir na escola (OR=2,1), além da merenda, apresentaram associação significativa com a CPI (<0,05). Já os fatores etnia, escolaridade, renda familiar e freqüência de higiene bucal não se mostraram estatisticamente significativos (p>0,05). Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que a exposição frequente aos açúcares na forma sólida, a presença de biofilme dentário e o fato de levar lanche para escola, principalmente os cariogênicos, são indicadores de risco expressivos para a cárie precoce da infância na população estudada.

Purpose: This study aimed to verify if the cariogenic diet, including nursing habits, the oral hygiene and the socioeconomic factors could be considered risk indicators for early childhood caries (ECC) in preschool children from Itatiba-SP. Methods: The sample was composed of 288 children, 3 to 4 years old, who attended public preschools from Itatiba-SP. Clinical examinations were conducted by one calibrated dentist (Kappa=0.78) for biofilm presence and caries index determination. For the diet evaluation, a diet chart was used, whereas the nursing habits, oral hygiene, ethnicity, family income and mothers´ level of education were evaluated by a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by chi-square/fisher´s exact test and multiple logistic regression (alfa=0.05) expressed by odds ratios (OR). Results: Sugar consumption in the solid form three or more times a day (OR=4.5), non-exclusive breast-feeding for 12 months or more (OR=2.0), presence of biofilm on the maxillary incisors (OR=3.1) and intake of snacks or drinks at school (OR=2.1), in addition to school meals were significantly associated with ECC (p<0.05). Besides, the factors ethnicity, level of education, family income and oral hygiene frequency did not show statistical significance (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that frequent exposure to solid sugar, biofilm presence and snacks as complement to school meals, particularly the cariogenic ones, are expressive risk indicators for early childhood caries in the population studied.

Behavioral and social factors related to dental caries in 3 to 13 year-old children from João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil / Fatores comportamentais e sociais relacionados à cárie dentária em crianças de 3 a 13 anos em João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil

Purpose: To record the prevalence of dental caries in 3-13 year-old children and test the association of presence of caries with some social and behavioral factors. Methods: Cross-sectional design. Data were collected from the Cariology Clinics database of the Federal University of Paraíba, in João Pessoa, Brazil, for the period between 2005 and 2008. A total of 410 dental charts were selected, and the children were divided into 3 age groups (G1: 3-5 year-old, n=111; G2: 6-9 year-old, n=165; and G3: 10-13 year-old, n=134). Data were collected from the dental records on clinical examination to compute dmf-t and DMF-T indexes, oral hygiene habits, diet, and socioeconomic factors. Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact tests at the 5% level of significance were used for statistical analysis. Results: Dental caries prevalence was: G1(dmf-t: 2.38±3.27; DMF-T: 0.02±1.49); G2(dmf-t: 2.97±3.12; DMF-T: 0.72±1.26); G3(dmf-t: 0.89±1.73; DMF-T: 2.65±3.00). About 32.7% of the children were caries-free. For the oral health habits most subjects reported toothbrushing three or more times daily (44.8%), without assistance (61.9%), and no use of dental floss (73.1%). The majority of children (97%) reported consumption of sugar between meals. Family income and education were associated with dental caries. Conclusion: The results suggest a high prevalence of caries disease in the sample and specific association with some socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors.

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi registrar a prevalência de cárie em crianças de 3 a 13 anos e testar sua associação com alguns fatores sociais e comportamentais. Metodologia: Estudo transversal. Os dados foram coletados do banco de dados da Clínica de Cariologia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, no período entre 2005 e 2008. Um total de 410 prontuários foram selecionados e as crianças foram distribuídas em 3 grupos conforme faixa etária (G1: 3-5 anos, n=111; G2: 6-9 anos, n=165; e G3: 10-13 anos, n=134). Os dados foram obtidos de exame clínico para cálculo dos índices CEO-d e CPO-D, e entrevista de hábitos de higiene bucal, dieta e fatores sócio-econômicos. A análise estatística utilizou testes de Qui-quadrado e de Fisher ao nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A prevalência de cárie dentária foi de: G1(ceo-d: 2,38±3,27 e CPO-D: 0,02±1,49); G2(ceo-d: 2,97±3,12 e CPO-D: 0,72±1,26); G3(ceo-d: 0,89±1,73 e CPO-D: 2,65±3,00). Aproximadamente 32,7% das crianças apresentavam-se livres de cárie. Em relação aos hábitos de higiene bucal, a maioria relatou escovar seus dentes três ou mais vezes (44,8%), sem ajuda dos pais (61,9%), e 73,1% não usavam fio dental. O consumo de alimentos com açúcar entre as refeições foi relatado por 97% das crianças. Renda familiar e escolaridade paterna constituíram fatores de risco para a presença da doença cárie. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem alta prevalência da doença cárie na amostra estudada e associação específica com alguns fatores sociais e comportamentais de higiene bucal.