RESUMO
Coffee is the most appreciated beverage in worldwide; Brazil is the largest producer and exporter of this commodity. Organochlorine endosulfan was banned from the country in 2013 due to its teratogenic agent-related features. Since then, coffee plantations have experienced increased Hypothenemus hampei infestation rates. The aim of the current study is to assess variations in the rates of Coffea arabica fruits brocaded by H. hampei after the application of entomopathogenic fungal species Beauveria bassiana IBCB66. Experiments were carried out with 'Catuaí' and 'Mundo Novo' cultivars between 2018 and 2020, during the borer transit period. Three experiments were carried out based on the application of the aforementioned fungal species on the investigated coffee plant species, both by spraying and sprinkling, at 30-day intervals; 10 fruits were collected per face of each useful plant in each repetition. The experiment has followed a randomized blocks design with five treatments, including the control, and five repetitions, each. Beauveria bassiana Ecobass (IBCB66) wettable powder spray, at the concentration of 2 × 1013·ha1, was used in experiments I and II. On the other hand, the mix used in experiment III was prepared with blastospores at concentration of 5 × 1012·ha1 blastospores + 0.1% Silwet. The sprinkling process in all three experiments has used dry aerial conidia at concentration of 2 × 1013·ha1. Collected data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), which was followed by Fisher's test at 5% probability level, in the SISVAR software. More than 35,000 fruits were assessed. In addition to variations between experiments, results have evidenced that the rate of brocaded fruits remained high.
Assuntos
Esporos Fúngicos , Controle Biológico de Vetores/métodos , Coffea/parasitologia , Gorgulhos , Beauveria , Rego por AspersãoRESUMO
The aim of this work was to optimize the biolistic delivery parameters that affect the DNA delivery and stable expression of marker genes into coffee tissues (Coffea arabica. L. cvs. Caturra and Catuaí). The effect of osmotic preculture length, osmotic concentration of medium, Helium pressure and target distance on transient expression of the uidA gene in coffee leaves and somatic embryos were tested. The highest transient uidA expression was obtained when Caturra (18.3±2.8) and Catuaí (6.8±2.0) leaves and Catuaí embryos (80.0±7.4) were cultured for 5h on Yasuda medium complemented with 0.5M Mannitol +0.5M Sorbitol. The combination of 1100psi and a target distance of 9cm resulted in the highest number of blue spots per Caturra leaf segment (23.6±3.9), whereas for the Catuaí variety the combination of 1100psi and a target distance of six (10.2±1.9) and nine (8.2±1.9) cm gave the highest number of blue spots per leaf segment. The optimized protocol was tested with pCAMBIA 1 301 (uidA gene and the hpt gene), pCAMBIA 1 305.2 (uidA version GUSPlus and the hpt gene) and pCAMBIA 1 301-BAR (uidA gene and the bar gene). The highest number of blue spots was obtained when Caturra (54.6±5.7) and Catuaí (28.9±4.3) leaves were bombarded with pCAMBIA 1 305.2. Selection of bombarded coffee tissues with 100mg/l hygromicyn caused the oxidation of tissues. Rev. Biol. Trop. 57 (Suppl. 1): 151-160. Epub 2009 November 30.
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo optimizar los parámetros que afectan la incorporación y expresión de genes marcadores mediante biobalística en segmentos de hoja y embriones somáticos de café (Coffea arabica. L. cvs. Caturra y Catuaí). La mayor expresión transitoria del gen uidA en segmentos de hoja de Caturra (18.3±2.8) y Catuaí (6.8±2.0) y embriones somáticos de Catuaí (80.0±7.4) se obtuvo al cultivar los explantes por cinco horas previo al bombardeo en el medio Yasuda complementado con 0.5M mannitol+0.5M sorbitol. Asimismo, se obtuvo una mayor expresión transitoria del gen uidA al bombardear los segmentos de hoja de Caturra y Catuaí y embriones somáticos de Catuaí con una presión de helio de 1 100psi y una distancia de bombardeo de 6 o 9 cm.