Role of percutaneous cerclage wire in the management of subtrochanteric fractures treated with intramedullary nails / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>PURPOSE</b>Cerclage wire application has emerged as a potential therapeutic adjunct to intramedullary nailing for subtrochanteric fractures. But its popularity is plagued by the concern of possible negative effect on fracture zone biology. This study was intended to analyze the clinico-radiological outcome and complications associated with cerclage wire application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective analysis was performed on all the subtrochanteric fractures operated with intramedullary nailing between January 2012 and January 2016. After exclusion, 48 patients were available with an average follow-up of 20.8 months. Long oblique, spiral, spiral wedge or comminuted fracture configurations with butterfly fragments were particularly considered for cerclage wire application, which was employed by percutaneous cerclage passer in 21 patients. Assessment was done in terms of operation time, blood loss, quality of reduction, neck-shaft angle, follow-up redisplacement, union time, complications, and final functional evaluation by Merle d'Aubigne'-Postel score.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Average operation time and blood loss were significantly higher in cerclage group (p < 0.05). However, cerclage use substantially improved quality of reduction in terms of maximum cortical displacement (p = 0.003) and fracture angulation (p = 0.045); anatomical reduction was achieved in 95.23% of cases as compared to 74.07% without cerclage. Union time was shorter, although not statistically different (p = 0.208), in cerclage group. Four patients in non-cerclage group developed non-union, 2 of them had nail breakage. No infection or any other implant related complications were reported with cerclage use.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Minimally-invasive cerclage wire application has proved to be beneficial for anatomical reconstruction in difficult subtrochanteric fractures, whenever applicable, without any harmful effect on fracture biology.</p>

Cerclage Clamping Using Cerclage Passer for Reduction of Anterior and Posterior Column Fracture / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: Both column and T-shaped acetabular fractures are frequently presented with difficulty in reduction. Incomplete reduction may cause traumatic arthritis in the hip joint, resulting in inferior clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study is to introduce our wiring technique and to report the clinical and radiological outcomes of such technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight patients who underwent our proposed technique for having acetabular fracture with displaced quadrilateral plate between March 2013 and December 2014 were enrolled. All patients were followed-up more than 1 year. The wire passer was set up from an anterolateral aspect of the iliac crest to the greater sciatic notch, between the abductor muscle and the periosteum. The quadrilateral plate of acetabular fracture was reduced with wiring. Internal fixation was added to the pelvic brim. An analysis of the clinical and radiological outcomes was performed. RESULTS: Reduction was performed within the 3 mm intra-articular step-off in all patients. The mean duration of union was 11.8 weeks (9-15 weeks). Five patients (62.5%) showed excellent results, and radiologically, three patients (37.5%) showed good results, and seven patients (87.5%) showed better than good results. CONCLUSION: The cerclage wiring fixation technique using a large cerclage passer instrument can be a useful and safe reduction method in some cases of acetabular fractures.

Factores predisponentes de fractura intraoperatoria de fémur en artroplastía total de cadera primaria / Predisposing factors for intraoperative femur fracture in primary total hip arthroplasty

Introducción: El objetivo de este reporte fue caracterizar los factores predisponentes de la fractura periprotésica intraoperatoria de fémur durante una artroplastia primaria de cadera. Materiales y Métodos: Entre 1999 y 2010, se analizaron 1943 reemplazos de cadera, en 28 casos, se produjo una fractura de fémur durante una artroplastia total de cadera primaria, lo que arroja una incidencia del 1,4 %. Se utilizó la clasificación de Vancouver y se estudiaron la presencia de factores predisponentes, el tratamiento realizado, la evolución clínica y radiográfica. Resultados: Del total de la muestra, 23 (82,1 %) fracturas eran de tipo A y 5 (17,9 %), de tipo B. El promedio obtenido del ángulo cervicodiafisario del fémur de 140° (rango 120°-160°). El 71,4% de la muestra eran mujeres. El 7,1 % presentaba osteosíntesis previa. La incidencia de fracturas fue del 3,54 % para los implantes no cementados (16/452) y del 0,8 % para los tallos cementados (12/1491). Se realizó lazada de alambre en 18 pacientes (64,3 %), malla metálica más lazada de alambre en un paciente (3,6 %) y en 9 (32,1 %) tratamiento conservador. En 27 (96,4 %) casos, la evolución fue buena y el puntaje promedio posoperatorio del Harris Hip Score fue de 93 puntos (rango 89-95). Conclusiones: El sexo femenino, el aumento del ángulo cervicodiafisario, la presencia de caderas displásicas, implantes no cementados y zonas de debilidad luego de retirar una osteosíntesis son factores predisponentes para sufrir este tipo de complicación, por lo que es recomendable realizar una lazada de alambre profiláctica cuando se conjuguen varios de los factores de riesgo mencionados.

Background: The objective of this study was to characterize the predisposing factors for intraoperative femur fracture during primary total hip arthroplasty. Methods: From 1999 to 2010, 28 fractures occurring during 1943 primary total hip arthroplasties were analyzed, an incidence of 1.4 %. Vancouver classification was used. The presence of predisposing factors, their treatment and clinical and radiological outcomes were evaluated. Results: Twenty three (82.1 %) fractures were type A and 5 (17.9 %) were type B. The average of the cervical-shaft angle was 140° (120°-160°). 71.4 % were women and 7.1 % had previous osteosynthesis. The incidence was 3.54 % (16/452) in cementless femoral stems and 0.8 % in cemented femoral stems (12/1491). Intraoperative treatments were: cerclage wire in 18 cases (64.3 %), metal mesh plus cerclage wire in one patient (3.6 %) and conservative treatment in 9 patients. Twenty seven (96.4 %) patients obtained good results and the average Harris Hip Score was 93 points (89-95). Conclusions: Female patients, high cervical-shaft angle, hip dysplasia, cementless femoral stems and femur weakness after removing the osteosynthesis, are predisposing factors for this type of complication. For this reason, we suggest to perform a prophylactic cerclage wire when two o more of these predisposing factors are present.

Modified Tension Band Wiring Combined with Anti-Gliding Loop Augmentation Technique for the Treatment of Comminuted Patellar Fracture: Technical Note and Report of Early Results: Technical Note

In order to investigate the feasibility of a modified tension band combined with anti-gliding loop augmentation technique for the treatment of comminuted patellar fracture, 21 patients with comminuted patellar fracture were enrolled in this study. After the modified tension band wiring of patellar fracture, a cerclage wire was passed around the patella. Anti-gliding loops were made on the bending sites of Kirshner-wires. A knot was tied using both ends of the anti-gliding loops, and the cerclage wire was tightened using proximal knots. Bone union was achieved at 4.5+/-1.5 months postoperatively without nonunion. The Lysholm score was 87.1+/-2.8, and the range of motion of the knee was 2.1degrees+/-3.4degrees to 132.2degrees+/-6.5degrees at the last follow-up. The modified tension band combined with anti-gliding loop augmentation technique might be considered an alternative modification of modified tension band wiring for the treatment of comminuted patellar fracture.

Does Interfragmentary Cerclage Wire Fixation in Clavicle Shaft Fracture Interfere the Fracture Healing?

PURPOSE: A technique of cerclage wire fixation in comminuted fracture of the clavicle shaft is thought to interfere the fracture healing, so authors studied radiographically and clinically about the cases of cerclage wiring of the fracture fragments with the plate and screws fixation in the comminuted fracture of the shaft of the clavicle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: According to following inclusion criteria, total 18 patients (male: 15, female: 3) were investigated; Patients who visited hospital due to clavicle shaft comminuted fracture from February 2005 to April 2009, who underwent surgery utilizing more than 2 cerclage wire fixation for the fragments when open reduction and plate fixation were operated and who could be follow-up over one year. The duration for fracture union, functional outcome and complications were investigated retrospectively. RESULTS: Radiological bone union was accomplished in average 13.3 weeks (12~16 weeks) and there was no complication such as nonunion, delayed union or infection. Range of motion of ipsilateral shoulder joint was recovered in all patients except one at the final follow-up. CONCLUSION: The clinical and radiographical results of the plate and screws fixation with cerclage wiring of the fragments in comminuted clavicle shaft fracture showed that the cerclage wiring does not interfere the fracture healing, so authors think that this method is a good alternative operation if it is performed carefully to minimize soft tissue dissection.