Study on HPLC Characteristic Chromatogram and Chemical Pattern Recognition of Different Medicinal Parts of Cirsium japonicum / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To establish HP LC ch aracteristic ch romatogram of different medicinal parts of Cirsium japonicum ， and to compare the difference of chemical components in different medicinal parts of C. japonicum according to chemical identification method ，and to provide reference for quality control and evaluation of C. japonicum . METHODS ：Medicinal material （overground part ），leaves，flower，main stem and lateral stem of C. japonicum were determined by HPLC. According to the TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System （2012A edition ），the chromatograms were matched to generate the HPLC characteristic chromatogram of each medicinal part. The differences of common characteristic peak area were analyzed according to variance analysis of single factor. The chromatographic peaks were identified by comparison of reference substance. Meanwhile，the chemical pattern recognition was performed to research the different medicinal parts of C. japonicum according to principal component analysis （PCA）and cluster analysis. RESULTS ：HPLC characteristic chromatograms of medicinal material ， leaves，flower，main stem and lateral stem from C. japonicum were established respectively ，and 15 common peaks were confirmed for medicinal material ，leaves and flower of C. japonicum ；11 common peaks were confirmed in chromatograms of main stem and lateral stem from C. japonicum （absence of No. 7，9，12，13 peak）. The contents of chemical components were different greatly among different medicinal parts. No. 1，2，3，10，11 peaks were identified as neochlorogenic acid ，chlorogenic acid ， cryptochlorogenic acid ，linarin and pectolinarin. Results of PCA and cluster analysis showed that chemical pattern recognition and clustering of the flower and stem of C. japonicum were distinct and can be clustered into one category respectively. However ，the leaves distribution of C. japonicum was relatively scattered ，so it was difficult to cluster . CONCLUSIONS ：Established HPLC characteristic chromatogram-chemical pattern recognition can reflect the differences of different medicinal parts of C. japonicum integrally， comprehensively and truly ， which has vital significance for origin indentification ， quality control and overall evaluation of C. japonicum .

Effect of KRAS gene mutation and clinical factors on postoperative prognosis of rectal cancer patients / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of KRAS gene mutation and clinical factors on postopera-tive prognosis of rectal cancer patients and to explore their value in prognosis. Methods A total of 130 cases of rectal cancer patients from January to December 2010 were collected in the study. The tumor tissues sample was used to detect the KRAS gene mutation and 5-year follow-up was conducted. The correlation between KRAS gene mutation and clinical pathological features was analyzed.The clinic pathological factors that may affect the progno-sis were analyzed by survival analysis. Results Forty-five patients had mutations in No.2 expressed region of KRAS,with a mutation rate of 34.6%.KRAS gene mutation and stronger positive expression of EGFR(P<0.05), and multiple metastasis of tumor(P<0.05)were strongly coupled.The average survival of patients with wild-type KRAS gene was 57.5 months and that of patients with KRAS gene mutation 58.9 months but no significant differ-ence was observed(P>0.05).The TNM by high staging,multiple metastasis,lung metastasis and liver metasta-sis of cancer cells was closely related with poor postoperative prognosis of patients(P<0.05).The average surviv-al of postoperative patients in stage Ⅳ was 49months. Conclusions KRAS gene mutation in patients with rectal cancer after surgery is related with stronger positive expression of EGFR and multiple metastasis of cancer.TNM by high staging and metastatic sites affects the prognosis. The survival of rectal cancer after surgery in patients with stage Ⅳ are prolonged but the relation between KRAS genovariation and patients′ postoperative prognosis can not be determined.

High-resolution MRI imaging in patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis / 医疗卫生装备

Object To compare images of the vessel wall between symptomatic and asymptomatic atherosclerotic plaques of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) using high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR MRI).Methods HR MRI data were acquired in 36 patients with MCA atherosclerotic stenosis (≥50％) confirmed by MRA, CTA, of whom, 25 symptomatic patients and 11 asymptomatic ones were enrolled into a symptomatic group and an asymptomatic group respectively. The wall thickness and cross-sectional area of stenotic segments were measured and compared between the two groups. The data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 statistical software.Results The cross-sectional area in the symptomatic group was (3.04±1.03)mm2,while the asymptomatic group was (3.28±0.96)mm2, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The symptomatic group had a larger wall thickness ((2.32±0.61)mm) when compared with the asymptomatic group ((2.10±0.77)mm), and higher prevalence of plaque enhancement after contrast injection (83.3％).Conclusion Different vessel wall properties on HR MRI are observed between symptomatic and asymptomatic MCA stenosis. Symptomatic MCA stenosis has a larger wall thickness and higher prevalence of plaque enhancement after contrast injection when compared with the asymptomatic.

Preparation,Characterization and in vitro Dissolution Study of Total Flavonoids of Hippophae rhamnoi-des-PVP K30 Solid Dispersion / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To prepare total flavonoids of Hippophae rhamnoides(TFH)-PVP K30 solid dispersion,and to char-acterize and study its in vitro dissolution. METHODS:Solvent method was used to prepare TFH-PVP K30 solid dispersion with dif-ferent drug-loading ratio of 1:1,1:2,1:3,1:4,1:5;single factor test was designed to screen drug-loading ratio using dissolution parameter Td as index;orthogonal test was designed to optimize ultrasonic time,temperature of water bath and drying time for prep-aration technology using in vitro dissolution rate as index,and then validated. SEM,DSC and FT-IR were used to characterize sol-id dispersion. RESULTS:Td of TFH-PVP K30 solid dispersion was the lowest when drug-loading ratio was 1:3. Optimal technolo-gy was ultrasonic time 10 min,temperature of water bath 60 ℃ and drying time 12 h. 90 min accumulative dissolution rate of pre-pared TFH-PVP K30 solid dispersion was 90.22% in average(RSD=1.74%,n=3). The results of SEM,DSC and FT-IR showed that the drug as amorphous form dispersed in the PVP K30,the formation of hydrogen bond of the both. CONCLUSIONS:TFH-PVP K30 solid dispersion is prepared successfully,and in vitro dissolution rate of it is improved significantly.

Short term curative effect of NB09 protocol on high-risk and ultra-high-risk neuroblastoma / 天津医药

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of NB09 (China Pediatric Neuroblastoma cooperative group 09) protocol on children with high-risk and ultra-high risk neuroblastoma. Methods The clinical and follow-up data of pa?tients who suffered from high-risk (n=7) and ultra-high risk (n=31) neuroblastomas and admitted in Tumor hospital of Tian?jin Medical University between January 2009 to January 2013 were retrospectively reviewed (27 boys and 11 girls). The age at diagnosis was 19-160 months (median age was 36.5 months). In the high risk group, patients were evaluated and operated after 4 to 6 circles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In ultra-high risk group, patient received chemotherapy before and after op?eration, then autologous stem cell transplantation and tumor bed radiotherapy. After chemotherapy, retinoic acid treatment was given to patients in ultra high risk group as in high risk group. Results At the end of treatment, 25 patients achieved complete remission; 5 patients achieved partial remission; 3 patients were in stable disease;5 patients were deteriorating in their conditions which lead to 2 deaths. In total, the response rate reaches upto 86.8%. By the end of follow up, 15 patients had a disease-free-survival, 9 patients survived with tumor, 7 died from recurrence and 7 died from deteriorating conditions. Survival time ranged from 6 to 52 months (median survival 25.5 months). The 1-, 2- and 3-year overall survival were 91.7%, 64.5%and 57.3%respectively. Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-rank test showed no statistical significance between high risk and ultra-high risk neuroblastomas. Conclusion The outcome of NB09 protocol for high risk and ultra-high risk neuroblastoma was preliminary affirmed. It is worthy of further clinical verification.

Biological characteristics of mycobacteriophage Leo and its bactericidal effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis / 中国人兽共患病学报

To investigate the biological characteristics of mycobacteriophage Leo and its bactericidal effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis for cocktail therapy ,we observed mycobacteriophage plaques after amplifying phage by double‐layer agar plate method .The morphological characteristics were observed by electron microscopy .Mycobacteriophage Leo DNA was extracted and then digested by restriction enzyme to identify the nucleic acid type .Leo was amplified in different multiplicity of infection (MOI) to find the optimal MOI and the minimum MOI .One step growth experiment was carried out to find the latent period and burst size of Leo .The frequency of Mycobacterium smegmatis mutation treated with mycobacteriophage Leo was inspected by the endpoint titration test .The effect of temperature and alcohol on Leo survival was surveyed .The ability of Leo to crack host bacteria at different pH values was examined .The effect of Leo on Mycobacterium tuberculosis was determined by bacteri‐cidal assay .Results showed that the Leo plaque was round and transparent with a diameter of 1 .5 nm .Leo has an isometric head (70 ± 3 .0 nm in diameter) and a flexible tail (211 ± 31 .7 nm in length) .Its genome could be digested by restriction en‐zyme of Hind Ⅲ and Bgl Ⅰ .The optimal MOI and the minimum MOI of Leo were 0 .000 01 and 0 .000 1 ,respectively .The mutation frequency was 10-7 .The latent period was 150 min ,and the burst size was 74 .Leo could not only crack host bacteria in solid medium at pH 7 .4 but also at pH 5 .0 .After 72 hours ,the amount of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Leo group was less than that in control group (P<0 .05) .In conclusion ,Leo has a bactericidal effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis and could be a candidate of phage cocktails .

The Development of Braille Writing Board with Raised Braille Characters / 中国康复理论与实践

@#In this paper the development of a new Braille writing board on which raised Braille characters are written is introduced. Compared with traditional Braille writing board on which hollow Braille characters are written, the advantage of new one is convenient for studying, writing and proofreading because the order of Braille in writing is the same as the order of Braille in remembering.

Clinicopathologic Characteristica of the Mucinous Gastric Adenocarcinoma

There has been a considerable controversy on the prognosis of the mucinous gastric adenocarcinoma(MGC). In this study we analyzed the clinicopathologic differences between MGC and non-mucinous gastric carcinoma(NMGC). In addition, the relationship between mucin content and other clinicopathologic variables, including prognosis in MGC was examined. We reviewed 2118 patients with pathologically confirmed gastric cancer who had underwent gastrectomy at the department of surgery of Yonsei University College of Medicine, during the period between Jan. 1987 and Dec. 1993. Among them, 130 patients had gastric cancer with extracellular mucin(MGC) and 1988 patients had gastric carcinoma without extracellular mucin(NMGC). We studied the MGC patients into two groups according to mucin content: mucin content involving over 50% of the tumor(dominant type, n=94) and mucin content involving less than 50% of the tumor area(partial type, n=36). The results are as follows: The MGC was more common in male then NMGC. The size of tumor in MGC was larger than that of NMGC. The patients with MGC had higher incidence of Borrmann type IV, more frequent serosal invasion, lymph nodes metastasis and peritoneal metastasis than the patients with NMGC. The patients with MGC had more advanced stage at the time of diagnosis and worse overall 5-year survival rate than the patients with NMGC. But the 5-year survival rate according to the stage of MGC was similar to that of NMGC. There were no significant differences between the mucin content and other pathologic variables including prognosis. So we suggested that MGC has worse prognosis than NMGC and it is reasonable to consider the carcinoma with mucin content involving less than 50% of the tumor area as MGC.

STUDIES ON THE TRICHOLOMA GIGANTEUM FROM JISHOU / 微生物学通报

Tricholoma giganteum is a famous species product of Jishou in the wes t of Hunan.It have not only special biological characteristics such as formatio n and ecological enviromment,but also delicious,fragrant with abundant nutrien t.It's mycelium can be isolated and growing well in medium,but its fruiting bo dy is difficult to be formed.