Analysis of chemical constituents and components absorbed into plasma of Ardisia crenata based on UPLC-QE-HF-MS/MS / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To analyze the chemical constituents and components absorbed into plasma of the extract of Ardisia crenata and to elucidate its possible pharmacodynamic material basis. METHODS Overall， 12 rats were randomly assigned to the blank group （n＝6） and A. crenata group （n＝6） by the paired comparison method. The drug was administered once daily in the morning and afternoon for three days. Serum samples were prepared from serum after redosing on 4th day. The UPLC-QE-HF-MS/ MS was used to analyze and identify the chemical constituents in A. crenata extract and serum samples. Compound Discoverer 3.0 was employed for retention time correction， peak identification， and peak extraction. According to the secondary mass spectrometry information， the Thermo mzCloud online and Thermo mzVault local databases， referring to the relevant literature and control quality spectrum information were used to preliminarily identify the chemical constituents and components absorbed into plasma of A. crenata. RESULTS A total of 34 compounds were identified from the extract of A. crenata， mainly coumarins， flavonoids， organic acids， amino acids， including bergenin， quercetin， gallic acid， L-pyroglutamic acid， etc. Besides， 5 components absorbed into plasma were identified from serum samples: L-pyroglutamic acid， syringic acid， bergenin， cinnabar root saponin A， and mycophenolic acid. CONCLUSIONS L-pyroglutamic acid， syringic acid， bergenin， cinnabar root saponin A， and mycophenolic acid may act as the pharmacodynamic material basis of A. crenata.

Chemical Constituents， Pharmacological Effect， and Product Development of Eucommia ulmoides with Both Medicinal and Edible Values： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Eucommia ulmoides， a plant belonging to Eucommiaceae， has a history of medical use for over two thousand years in China. The dried bark and leaves of this plant are usually used as medicinal materials. Due to the high safety in clinical application， E. ulmoides leaves were officially recognized for both medicinal and edible use by the food safety evaluation in 2019， providing a valuable resource for the development of food and health products. According to the traditional Chinese medicine theory， E. ulmoides has the effects of nourishing the liver and kidneys， strengthening sinews and bones， and calming fetus. Modern research has shown that different parts such as the bark， leaves， flowers， and seeds of E. ulmoides contain similar chemical components， including phenylpropanoids， terpenoids， flavonoids， phenolic acids， steroids， and polysaccharides. E. ulmoides exhibits diverse pharmacological activities such as lowering blood pressure and blood lipid and glucose levels， preventing osteoporosis and possesses anti-tumor， anti-bacterial， antiviral， anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， and hepatoprotective effects. Therefore， it holds great potential for the development of products with both medicinal and edible values. This review systematically summarizes the chemical constituents， pharmacological activities， and representative medicinal and edible products of different parts of E. ulmoides. It is expected to provide theoretical references for the clinical application of E. ulmoides and its active components and the development and utilization of the products with both medicinal and edible values. This review contributes to a deeper understanding of the medicinal properties of E. ulmoides and provides guidance for further exploration of its applications in the healthcare field. As a plant with both medicinal and edible values， E. ulmoides is expected to attract more attention in future research and contribute to human health.

Chemical Constituents， Pharmacology， and Toxicology of Asari Radix et Rhizoma： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Asari Radix et Rhizoma （AR） is a traditional Chinese medicine with a history of more than 2 000 years of medication and has been included in ancient herbal works in the past dynasties. It is effective in releasing the exterior， dispersing cold， dispelling wind， relieving pain， opening orifices， warming the lung， and resolving fluids， and is still widely used in the clinical treatment of influenza， coronavirus disease-2019 （COVID-19） pneumonia， asthma， allergic rhinitis， eye pain， headache， toothache， oral ulcer， eczema， etc. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that AR has antipyretic， anti-inflammatory， analgesic， antibacterial， antiviral， relieving cough and asthma， anti-allergy， and other effects. AR contains a variety of chemical components， in which essential oil is not only associated with functions such as dispelling cold， relieving heat， relieving pain， and resisting inflammation and allergy， but is also toxic. AR also contains lignans， flavonoids， amides， phenanthrenes， alkaloids， and other non-volatile oil components， which play an important role in immunity regulation， anti-inflammation， pain relief， heart strengthening， and blood vessel expansion. The phenanthrene compounds are mainly aristolochic acid analogues， such as aristolochic acid Ⅳa and aristolochic lactam Ⅰ. Aristolochic acid Ⅳa has been proven to have a significant anti-inflammatory effect. The toxicity of AR is related to safrole， aristolochic acids and their analogues， and is also affected by many factors， such as preparation method， dosage， origin， collection time， medicinal part， and decocting time， which should be comprehensively considered in clinical application. Based on the relevant literature in China and abroad， the present study reviewed the correlation of chemical composition and pharmacological and toxicological effects of AR， and the safety of AR， aristolochic acid， safrole， and other components to provide a new perspective for an objective understanding of AR safety， as well as references for rational clinical application， production risk prevention and control， and drug scientific supervision of AR.

Chemical Constituent Analysis of Tongxie Yaofang Decoction by UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo rapidly identify the chemical constituents in Tongxie Yaofang decoction by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap-electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry（UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS）. MethodChromatographic conditions were ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column（2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.7 μm）， mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution（A）-acetonitrile（B） for gradient elution （0-4 min， 5%-15%B； 4-10 min， 15%-25%B； 10-15 min， 25%-60%B； 15-20 min， 60%-90%B； 20-25 min， 90%-100%B； 25-27 min， 100%B； 27-30 min， 100%-5%B； 30-32 min， 5%B）， flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1， column temperature at 35 ℃ and injection volume of 3 μL. UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS was equipped with an electrospray ionization（ESI）， the MS and MS/MS data were collected in positive and negative ion modes， and detection range was m/z 100-1 250. Combining the reference substance， chemical databases and related literature information， TraceFinder 4.1 and Xcalibur 2.1 were used to identify the chemical constituents of Tongxie Yaofang decoction. ResultA total of 90 compounds， mainly including flavonoids， coumarins， monoterpene glycosides， chromones and lactones， were identified from Tongxie Yaofang decoction. By attributing the sources of Chinese medicines for all identified compounds， 9 of them were found to be derived from Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， 21 from Paeoniae Radix Alba， 24 from Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium， 29 from Saposhnikoviae Radix， and 7 from at least two Chinese medicines. ConclusionThe method can effectively， quickly and comprehensively identify the chemical components of Tongxie Yaofang decoction， and clarify the chemical composition. These identified compounds cover the main active ingredients of the four herbs with high abundance， which indicates that the extraction method and the ratio of the medicinal materials of Tongxie Yaofang are scientific， and can provide a reference for the research on the material basis and quality evaluation of this famous classical formula.

Secondary metabolites of the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp.Dq-25 from barnacle / 中国药科大学学报

@#The chemical constituents of solid rice culture of the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp.Dq-25 from barnacle were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, C18 reversed silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization.Their structures were identified by the physical and chemical properties, and by various spectroscopic methods.Six compounds were isolated and identified as: demethyldihydropenicillic acid (1), dihydropenicillic acid (2), penicillic acid (3), fortisterol (4), 22E, 24R-3P, 5a-dihydroxyerogosta-7, 22-diene-6-one (5), and (22E, 24R)-ergosterol-7, 22-diene-3β, 5α, 9α-triol-6-one (6).Compound 1 was a new butyrolactone.MTT method was used to analyze cytotoxicity, and the result showed that compound 3 exhibited inhibitory activity on five cell lines, including K562, HeLa, SGC-7901, A542 and BEL-7402, with IC50 values of 38.0 ~ 105.0 μmol/L.

A new ester glycoside compound from Cyclocarya paliurus / 中国药科大学学报

@#Chemical constituents of n-butanol part of ethanol extract from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja were studied.Eight glycosides were separated and purified by silica gel, MCI, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography.Based on the physicochemical properties and spectral data, these compounds were 3-ethyl-4-methyl-pentyl ester-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), juglanoside E (2), (4S)-α-terpineol-8-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), (4S)-α-terpineol-8-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), eugenyl-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl methylester (6), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (7), and quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (8).Among them, compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2-6 were isolated from the genus Cyclocarya for the first time.

Chemical constituents from Callicarpa kwangtungensis and their hemostatic activities / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to identify the chemical constituents from Callicarpa kwangtungensis and determine their activities. MCI, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC were employed to separate the chemical constituents. A total of 15 compounds were separated, and their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the data in relevant literature. Specifically, the 15 compounds were 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-6-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-4-O-E-caffeoyl-D-glucopyranoside(1), 3,6-O-α-L-dirhamnopyranosyl-4-O-E-caffeoyl-D-glucopyranoside(2), β-OH-forsythoside B(3), β-OH-poliumoside(4),(+)-lyoniresinol-3α-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(5),(+)-lyoniresinol-3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6),(-)-lyoniresinol-3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7), kelampayoside A(8), descaffeoylpoliumoside(9), acteoside(10), alyssonoside(11), poliumoside(12), isacteoside(13), acetyl forsythoside B(14), and forsythoside B(15). Compounds 1 and 2 were novel, and the NMR data of compounds 3 and 4 were reported here for the first time. Furthermore, the hemostatic activities of the extract and abundant ingredients(compounds 12 and 15) of C. kwangtungensis were determined with Yunnan Baiyao as the positive control and normal saline as the negative control. The extract and compounds 12 and 15 significantly shortened the tail tip bleeding time in mice.

Qualitative and quantitative study of constituents in Lysionoti Herba based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS and HPLC-UV / 中国中药杂志

Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Exactive Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS) was employed to systematically analyze the chemical constituents in Lysionoti Herba, and high perfor-mance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet(HPLC-UV) to determine the content of main compounds. A Synergi~(TM) Hydro-RP 100 Å colu-mn(2 mm×100 mm, 2.5 μm) was used for gradient elution with acetonitrile-0.1% aqueous formic acid as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.2 mL·min~(-1) and a column temperature of 40 ℃. MS and MS/MS were conducted with electrospray ionization(ESI) in both positive and negative modes. The chemical components in Lysionoti Herba were identified by comparison with the retention time and mass spectra of reference compounds and the relevant mass spectral data reported in MS databases and relevant literature. Furthermore, the content of five constituents(neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, forsythoside B, acteoside, and nevadensin) in different Lysiono-ti Herba samples was simultaneously determined by HPLC-UV at the wavelength of 330 nm. A total of 84 compounds were identified in Lysionoti Herba, including 27 flavonoids, 20 phenylethanoid glycosides, 5 amino acids, 18 organic acids, 1 alkaloid, 6 nucleosides, and 7 others. The content of neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, forsythoside B, acteoside, and nevadensin showed good linear relationship(r>0.999) with the peak area within certain concentration ranges, which were 3.22-102.90, 12.84-410.82, 31.63-1 012.01, 25.00-800.11, and 4.08-130.51 μg·mL~(-1), respectively. The instrument precision, method repeatability, and solution stability all met requirement, and the average recovery rate was 97.31%-100.2%, with RSD ranging from 0.95% to 2.4%. The content of the five components varied among different Lysionoti Herba samples collected from different regions of Guizhou, and the average content of forsythoside B was the highest. The established qualitative method can rapidly and efficiently identify the chemical components of Lysionoti Herba, and the developed HPLC-UV method can simultaneously determine the content of five components in a simple, ra-pid, and accurate manner, providing a scientific basis for the quality evaluation of Lysionoti Herba.

Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Ajania plants / 中国中药杂志

Ajania belonging to the subtribe Artemisiinae of Anthemideae(Asteraceae) is a genus of semi-shrubs closely related to Chrysanthemum. There are 24 species of Ajania in northwestern China, most of which are folk herbal medicines with strong stress tolerance. Modern medical studies have demonstrated that the chemical constituents of Ajania mainly include terpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, alkynes, and essential oils. These compounds endow the plants with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimalarial, antioxidant, and insecticide effects. In this study, we reviewed the research progress in the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Ajania, aiming to provide reference for the further research and development of Ajania.

Chemical constituents of roots of Rodgersia aesculifolia / 中国中药杂志

The chemical compositions of Rodgersia aesculifolia were isolated and purified using a combination of silica gel, reverse phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures were determined according to the physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data. The MTT method and the ABTS kit were used to measure the cytotoxicity and antioxidant capacity of all isolates, respectively. Thirty-four compounds were isolated from R. aesculifolia and elucidated as stigmastane-6β-methoxy-3β,5α-diol(1), stigmastane-3β,5α,6β triol(2), β-sitosterol(3), β-daucosterol(4), stigmast-4-en-3-one(5), bergenin(6), 11-β-D-glucopyranosyl-bergenin(7), 11-O-galloybergenin(8), 1,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(9), gallic acid(10), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester(11), ethyl gallate(12), ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate(13), caffeic acid ethyl ester(14), p-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid(15), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(16), 2,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one(17), 3,7-dimethyl-2-octene-1,7-diol(18), crocusatin-B(19), neroplomacrol(20), geniposide(21), 3-hydroxyurs-12-en-27-oic acid(22), 3β-trans-p-coumaroyloxy-olean-12-en-27-oic acid(23), aceriphyllic acid G(24), isolariciresinol(25), trans-rodgersinine B(26), cis-rodgersinine A(27), neo-olivil(28),(7S,8R)-dihydro-3'-hydroxy-8-hydroxy-methyl-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl)-1'-benzofuranpropanol(29), 5,3',4'-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone(30), quercetin 3-rutinoside(31), catechin-[8,7-e]-4β-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-dihydro-2(3H)-pyranone(32), ethyl α-L-arabino-furanoside(33), and l-linoleoylglycerol(34). One new compound was discovered(compound 1), 25 compounds were first isolated from R. aesculifolia, and 22 compounds were first isolated from the Rodgersia plant. The results indicated that compounds 22-24 possessed cytotoxicity for HepG2, MCF-7, HCT-116, BGC-823, and RAFLS cell lines(IC_(50) ranged from 5.89 μmol·L~(-1) to 20.5 μmol·L~(-1)). Compounds 8-14 and 30-32 showed good antioxidant capacity, and compound 9 showed the strongest antioxidant activity with IC_(50) of(2.00±0.12) μmol·L~(-1).

Research progress of Codonopsis Radix and prediction of its Q-markers / 中国中药杂志

Codonopsis Radix is a traditional tonic medicine commonly used in China, which has the effects of strengthening the spleen and tonifying the lung, as well as nourishing blood and engendering liquid. The chemical constituents of Codonopsis species are mainly polyacetylenes, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, lignans, terpenoids and saponins, flavonoids, steroids, organic acids, saccharides, and so on. Modern pharmacological studies showed that Codonopsis Radix also has a variety of pharmacological effects such as enhancing body immunity, protecting gastrointestinal mucosa and resisting ulcers, promoting hematopoietic function, regulating blood sugar, and delaying aging. In this paper, the chemical constituents of Codonopsis species and the pharmacological effects of Codonopsis Radix were summarized, and on this basis, the quality markers of Codonopsis Radix were analyzed. It was predicted that lobetyolin, tangshenoside I, codonopyrrolidium A, and the oligosaccharides were the possible Q-markers of Codonopsis Radix. This paper will provide scientific references for the quality evaluation and profound research and the development of Codonopsis Radix.

Chemical constituents of diterpenoids from Boswellia carterii / 中国中药杂志

This paper explored the chemical constituents of Boswellia carterii by column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of the compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data such as infrared radiation(IR), ultra violet(UV), mass spectrometry(MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR). Seven diterpenoids were isolated and purified from n-hexane of B. carterii. The isolates were identified as(1S,3E,7E,11R,12R)-11-hydroxy-1-isopropyl-4,8,12-trimethyl-15-oxabicyclo[10.2.1]pentadeca-3,7-dien-5-one(1),(1R,3S,4R,7E,11E)-4,8,12,15,15-pentamethyl-14-oxabicyclo[11.2.1]hexadeca-7,11-dien-4-ol(2), incensole(3),(-)-(R)-nephthenol(4), euphraticanoid F(5), dilospirane B(6), and dictyotin C(7). Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were new and their absolute configurations were determined by comparison of the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroisms(ECDs). Compounds 6 and 7 were obtained from B. carterii for the first time.

Chemical constituents from Salacia polysperma / 中国中药杂志

Nine compounds were isolated from the 90% ethanol extract of Salacia polysperma by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, together with preparative HPLC methods. Based on HR-ESI-MS, MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectral analyses, the structures of the nine compounds were identified as 28-hydroxy wilforlide B(1), wilforlide A(2), 1β,3β-dihydroxyurs-9(11),12-diene(3),(-)-epicatechin(4),(+)-catechin(5),(-)-4'-O-methyl-ent-galloepicatechin(6), 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)propan-1-one(7),(-)-(7S,8R)-4-hydroxy-3,3',5'-trimethoxy-8',9'-dinor-8,4'-oxyneoligna-7,9-diol-7'-aldehyde(8), and vanillic acid(9). Compound 1 is a new oleanane-type triterpene lactone. Compounds 1, 3, 4, 7-9 were isolated from the Salacia genus for the first time. All compounds were assayed for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The results suggested that compound 8 exhibited moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with an IC_(50) value of 37.2 μmol·L~(-1), and the other compounds showed no α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Chemical constituents of Helleborus thibetanus / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents of Helleborus thibetanus were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and semi-preparative RP-HPLC, and the structures of all compounds were identified by modern spectrographic technology(MS, NMR). The MTT method was used to measure the cytotoxicity of compounds 1-8. Twelve compounds were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of H. thibetanus and were identified as(25R)-22β,25-expoxy-26-[(O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-1β,3β-dihydroxyfurosta-5-en(1), β-sitosterol myristate(2), β-sitosterol lactate(3), β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyrannoside(4), 4,6,8-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one(5), 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene(6), 7,8-dimethylbenzo pteridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione(7), 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid(8), p-hydroxy cinnamic acid(9), lauric acid(10), n-butyl α-L-arabinofuranoside(11) and methyl-α-D-fructofuranoside(12), respectively. Among them, compound 1 is a new compound and named thibetanoside L; compounds 2, 5-8, 11 are first isolated from the family Ranunculaceae; compound 12 is isolated from the genus Helleborus for the first time. The results of MTT assay showed that the IC_(50) values of compounds 1-8 against HepG2 and HCT116 cells were greater than 100 μmol·L~(-1).

A new allo-aromadendrane sesquiterpene from Dendrobium nobile / 中国中药杂志

To study the chemical constituents in the non-alkaloid part of stems of Dendrobium nobile. The macroporous adsorption resin, MCI, silica gel, RP-C_(18), and Sephadex LH-20 gel, preparative thin layer chromatography, and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) were used to isolate and purify the compounds. The structures of the compound were determined according to the spectra data, physicochemical properties, and relevant references. A total of 8 compounds were isolated from D. nobile, which were soltorvum F(1), p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid(2), vanillic acid(3), p-hydroxybenzoic acid(4), N-trans-cinnamic acid acyl-p-hydroxybenzene ethylamine(5),(+)-(1R,2S,3R,4S,5R,6S,9R)-2,11,12-trihydroxypicrotoxane-3(15)-lactone(6), dendronobilin H(7), soltorvum E(8). Compound 1 was a novel compound, named as soltorvum F. Compound 8 was isolated from Dendrobium species for the first time.

Two new phenylpropanoids from wine-processed Corni Fructus / 中国中药杂志

Six compounds were isolated from aqueous extract of wine-processed Corni Fructus through silica gel, ODS column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, reverse phase preparative HPLC and other chromatographic separation technologies. Their structures were identified with multiple spectroscopical methods including HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, NMR and ECD and so on. Their structures were established as pinoresinoside B(1), cornusgallicacid A(2),(+)-isolariciresinol-9'-O-β-glucopyranoside(3),(-)-isolariciresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),(7R,8S)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(5), and(-)-seco isolariciresinol-9'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6). Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were two new compounds. The biological activity evaluation results showed that compounds 2 and 6 had strong DPPH free radical scavenging ability, with EC_(50) values of(4.18±1.96) and(21.45±1.19) μmol·L~(-1), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 had protective effects on H_2O_2-induced oxidative damage in NRK-52E cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the cell survival rate of compound 2 at 100 μmol·L~(-1) was 96.09%±1.77%.

Research progress in chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, and clinical application of Curcuma wenyujin and prediction of its quality markers / 中国中药杂志

Curcuma wenyujin, as one of the eight Daodi-herbs in Zhejiang province, is widely used. It has the effects of eliminating stasis and dissipating mass, moving Qi and activating blood, and clearing heart and relieving depression. Modern studies have shown that it has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-thrombus and liver-protecting effects and mainly contains sesquiterpenoids, monoterpenoids, diterpenoids, and curcumins. This paper reviews the research progress in the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of C. wenyujin in the last decade, discusses the modern clinical applications combined with the traditional efficacy, and predicts its quality markers(Q-markers) from plant consanguinity, medicinal properties, efficacy, processing and measurability of chemical components based on the theory of Q-markers, so as to provide a reference for the establishment of a scientific quality evaluation system and the research and application of this herb in the future.

Chemical constituents and mechanism of Chuanzhi Tongluo Capsules based on UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS and network pharmacology / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents of Chuanzhi Tongluo Capsules were analyzed and identified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS) to clarify the pharmacological substance basis. In addition, network pharmacology was employed to explore the mechanism of Chuanzhi Tongluo Capsules in the treatment of cerebral infarction. Gradient elution was performed using acetonitrile and 1% acetic acid in water as the mobile phase. Mass spectrometry was performed in positive and negative ion modes. Xcalibur 4.2 software was used for compound analysis, including accurate mass-to-charge ratio and MS/MS fragment information, combined with the comparison of reference standards and literature data. A total of 152 compounds were identified, including 32 organic acids, 35 flavonoids and their glycosides, 33 diterpenes, 13 phthalides, 12 triterpenes and triterpene saponins, 23 nitrogen-containing compounds, and 4 other compounds, and their fragmentation patterns were analyzed. SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, DAVID, and other databases were used to predict and analyze the core targets and mechanism of Chuanzhi Tongluo Capsules. Protein-protein interaction(PPI) network topology analysis identified 10 core targets, including TNF, VEGFA, EGFR, IL1B, and CTNNB1. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that Chuanzhi Tongluo Capsules mainly exerted their effects through the regulation of lipid and atherosclerosis, glycoproteins in cancer, MicroRNAs in cancer, fluid shear stress, and atherosclerosis-related pathways. Molecular docking was performed between the key constituents and core targets, and the results demonstrated a strong binding affinity between the key constituents of Chuanzhi Tongluo Capsules and the core targets. This study comprehensively elucidated the chemical constituents of Chuanzhi Tongluo Capsules and explored the core targets and mechanism in the treatment of cerebral infarction based on network pharmacology, providing a scientific reference for the study of the pharmacological substance basis and formulation quality standards of Chuanzhi Tongluo Capsules.

Isolation and identification of chemical constituents from aerial parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis / 中国中药杂志

The present study investigated the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. The ethanol extract of the aerial parts of G. uralensis was separated and purified by different column chromatographies such as macroporous resin, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20, and through preparative HPLC and recrystallization. Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as(2S)-6-[(Z)-3-hydroxymethyl-2-butenyl]-5,7,3'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-dihydroflavanone(1),(2S)-8-[(E)-3-hydroxymethyl-2-butenyl]-5,7,3',5'-tetrahydroxy-dihydroflavanone(2), α,α'-dihydro-5,4'-dihydroxy-3-acetoxy-2-isopentenylstilbene(3), 6-prenylquercetin(4), 6-prenylquercetin-3-methyl ether(5), formononetin(6), 3,3'-dimethylquercetin(7), chrysoeriol(8), diosmetin(9),(10E,12Z,14E)-9,16-dioxooctadec-10,12,14-trienoic acid(10), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6-prenyl-dihydroflavanone(11), naringenin(12), dibutylphthalate(13). Compounds 1-3 are new compounds, and compounds 10 and 13 are isolated from aerial parts of this plant for the first time.

A new norsesquiterpenoid from Arctium lappa leaves / 中国中药杂志

Chemical constituents were isolated and purified from ethyl acetate fraction of Arctium lappa leaves by silica gel, ODS, MCI, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Their structures were identified with multiple spectroscopical methods including NMR, MS, IR, UV, and X-ray diffraction combined with literature data. Twenty compounds(1-20) were identified and their structures were determined as arctanol(1), citroside A(2), melitensin 15-O-β-D-glucoside(3), 11β,13-dihydroonopordopicrin(4), 11β,13-dihydrosalonitenolide(5), 8α-hydroxy-β-eudesmol(6), syringin(7), dihydrosyringin(8), 3,4,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-δ-truxinate(9),(+)-pinoresinol(10), phillygenin(11), syringaresinol(12), kaeperferol(13), quercetin(14), luteolin(15), hyperin(16), 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid(17), 1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde(18), benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(19), and N-(2'-phenylethyl) isobutyramide(20). Among them, compound 1 is a new norsesquiterpenoid, and compounds 2-5, 7-8, and 18-20 are isolated from this plant for the first time.