Syngnathus acus in Herbal Markets and Zoological Origin of Syngnathus in China Pharmacopoeia / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: Syngnathus has long been used as an important traditional animal medicine in China,but many syngnathus-like animals also used as Hailong in herbal markets. This study aims to define the zoological origin of Syngnathus in China Pharmacopoeia. Method: Herbalogical records,particularly pictures and photographs of ancient literatures, Syngnathus specimens in museum were stidued to determine the zoological origin of Syngnathus in Chinese herbal medical classics and China Pharmacopoeia. Result: Based on the morphological and DNA sequencing,all the commercial "S. acus" originated from Syngnathus schlegeli (Kaup,1856).Feature description of "S. acus" in China Pharmacopoeia also conformed to S. schlegeli. S. acus in China may be a misidentification of S. schlegeli. Conclusion: Syngnathus in China Pharmacopoeia originates from Solegnathus hardwickii (Gray,1830),Syngnathoides biaculeatus (Bloch,1785) or Syngnathus schlegeli (Kaup,1856).It is suggested to add identification methods of "Hailong", especially molecular identification methods in China Pharmacopoeia,in order to improve quality control standards of Syngnathus.

Exploration and thoughts about zoological origin and macroscopical identification of Chinese material medica "Haima" in China Pharmacopoeia / 中国中药杂志

"Haima" (Hippocampus) has a long history in China as an important traditional animal medicine, but many closely-related members of the Hippocampus genus are also used as Haima in particular regions. To investigate the real origin of "Haima", a herbalogical studies, particularly inpictures and photographs of the ancient literature are corroborated with seahorse specimens in museum, we confirm Chinese material medica "Haima" in China Pharmacopoeia is origin from H. kelloggi, 1901, H.spinosissimus, 1913, H. kuda, 1852, H. trimaculatus, 1814, or H. mohnikei, 1853. The so-called "Ci Haima" is H. spinosissimus, instead of H. histrix, 1856. The paper also suggests to revise of "macroscopical identification" item and add identification methods of "Haima" in China Pharmacopoeia, which may improve quality controls tandards of "Haima".

Comparison of the quantitative analytical methods of total flavones in three quality inspection regulations / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To compare the difference of the results of the total flavones acquired by three kinds of quantitative an-alytical methods in the People's Republic of China Pharmacopoeia(method A),Health Food Function Components and Health Indica-tors Inspection Specifications(method B),and Health Food Inspection and Evaluation of Technical Specifications(method C)respec-tively. Methods Twenty-one drug and food homologies,medicines and other samples were detected by using the above mentioned methods respectively. Comparisons of the results were established. Results The measured values by method A were the highest,that of method C were the lowest. Moreover,the determination values of method A were higher than those by the methed B(1.4 ± 0.12) times,and the method C(2.1±0.31)times. Conclusion There are significant differences among the results of the total flavonoids de-terminated by the 3 methods in the same sample and the numerical relationship will be helpful for the quantity control of homologous food and drug.

Some Suggestions on China Pharmacopoeia / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To improve the related standards in China Pharmacopoeia and to enhance its operation.METH_ ODS:Issues on“general rules on preparations”,“bacteria endotoxin test”,assaying of glucose injection in China Pharmacopoeia were analyzed and discussed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The dosage forms recorded are limited and some varieties of preparations are hard to be classified.How long exactly the gel formed by tachypleus amebocyte lysate and bacteria endotoxins remained cemented should be regarded as positive,which should be clearly defined.In determining the optical rotation by po?larimetry,ammonia test solution should be added to the semi-products to achieve balance but not in the finished products for differentiation.

Discussion on Quantitative Standard of the Pill and Granule of Liuwei Dihuang in 2005 Edition of China Pharmacopoeia / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the problems of quantitative standard and method for the pill and granule of Liuwei Dihuang in 2005 edition of China Pharmacopoeia.METHODS:The quantitative indicators,determination methods,and content standards established in 2005 edition of China Pharmacopoeia were compared between the pill and granule of Liuwei Dihuang,these indices were also compared with those in 2000 edition of China Pharmacopoeia.RESULTS &CONCLUSIONS:The quantitative indicators,determination methods,and content standards set for pill and granule of Liuwei Dihuang are not consistent between the horizontal and vertical comparisons,it is suggested that these indices should be revised when China Pharmacopoeia is reprinted.