Nomenclature standardization of Chinese medicine extracts and components / 中国中药杂志

Chinese medicine extracts are the important pharmaceutical materials of Chinese medicinal preparations, but their nomenclature still needs improvement in the field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). By the analysis of the evolution rules of names of Chinese medicine extracts recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, this study proposed a three-level nomenclature of "Chinese medicine name+chemical information+extract" based on the standardization problems involved in the existing nomenclature, striving to accurately suggest the material basic information on extract names. Meanwhile, the basic elements of Chinese medicine components, the special case from Chinese medicine extracts, were clarified, and the core connotations of the professional names were discriminated to arouse attention and discussions of researchers, facilitate the standardization of Chinese medicine terminology, and promote the scienti-fic development of Chinese medicinal preparations, and the modernization and internationalization of Chinese medicine.

Fouling mechanisms of ultrafiltration membranes fouled with traditional Chinese medicine pectin based on Hermia model / 中草药

Objective: To provide fundamental information regarding the complex phenomena of membrane fouling caused by the pectin in traditional Chinese medicine extracts and investigate the accuracy and viability of the Hermia model in the determination of fouling mechanisms. Methods: The pectin and simulated solutions of pectin and small molecular pharmacodynamic substances (berberine) in Chinese herbal extracts were used as the object of study. The Hermia model was used to study the fouling mechanism according to the flux changes in the membrane process. Results: The pectin simulated solutions were researched by mathematical model and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The result showed that the formation of the cake layer was the main cause of flux decrease and membrane fouling. Conclusion: Hermia model can be used as a method to study the membrane fouling mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine extracts, which can provide basic information for the complex phenomenon of membrane fouling caused by ultrafiltration of Chinese herbal medicine aqueous extracts.

Correlation between chemical compositions of traditional Chinese medicine extracts and phenomenon of wall stickiness in spray drying / 中国中药杂志

To explore the correlation between chemical compositions (organic acids, small molecule sugars, protein and others) of traditional Chinese medicine extracts and the wall stickiness in spray drying. In this study, 55 types of most common used Chinese herbs were selected to determine the content of 7 chemical components such as citric acid and fructose from plant extraction. The status of wall stickiness was observed during the drying process. The principle component analysis (PCA-X), hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were then used to evaluate the correlation between each chemical compositions and wall stickiness, so as to look for the essential chemical compositions associated with the wall stickiness. All of the above 3 statistical analysis methods showed significant results in distinguishing the two groups (sticky or non-sticky). PCA-X score chart and HCA clustering scatter plot suggested that the small molecular substance was the main factor causing wall stickiness, which was then proved by the reality where some of the traditional herb extracts were in non-sticky state after drying but in sticky state after alcohol precipitation. OPLS-DA results revealed that L-malic acid, citric acid, fructose and glucose were the difference factors for the wall stickiness of the extracts. Under small molecular components, L-malic acid, citric acid, fructose and glucose were the crucial factors that directly led to the hot melt sticky wall of the herbal extracts, and macromolecular substances might ameliorate the function of wall stickiness.

Progress of single Chinese medicine extract on the treatment of diabetic retinopathy / 国际中医中药杂志

Recently, single Chinese medicine extract on the treatment of diabetic retinopathy became popular. Some progress of experimental and clinical studies of single Chinese medicine extract on the treatment of diabetic retinopathy has been made. Thus, this paper summarized the recent progress of both clinical and experiment studies on Single Chinese medicine extract for diabetic retinopathy.