Safety and efficacy of video DLT (VDLT) for lung isolation during the COVID?19 pandemic

One lung ventilation (OLV) with collapse of the ipsilateral lung is a prerequisite for most thoracic surgical procedures. Double?lumen tube (DLT) is still the preferred method to isolate the lungs and fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) is the gold standard for the confirmation of correct placement of the DLT. However, both these procedures are considered as a high?aerosol?generating procedures and are hazardous to the health workers, particularly at this time of the COVID?19 pandemic. We did nine thoracic surgery cases categorized as essential, requiring OLV during the ongoing period of the COVID?19 between April 2020 and May 2020 where we used Full view DLT for lung isolation. We present our case series which shows that the Full view VDLT can minimize or circumvent the use of FOB during OLV, and reduce the time taken to isolate the lungs thus reducing aerosol in the theater. None of the nine patients required FOB for confirmation of initial positioning nor for diagnosis of intraoperative malposition. The time taken to isolate the lungs was significantly less and the surgical positioning was done under real?time monitoring by visualizing the blue cuff distal to carina at all times. The real?time monitoring by the Full view VDLT offers the additional advantage of detecting any malposition even before it results in loss of isolation or desaturation. We conclude that the Full view VDLT is an efficient and safe alternative for lung isolation at this time of the COVID?19 pandemic.

Estudos do lazer e conhecimento cristão: duas solitudes? / Leisure studies and christian scholarship: two solitudes?

Este artigo examina as inter-relações entre escritos acadêmicos cristãos sobre o lazer e a literatura dos Estudos do Lazer. Pode se dizer que é recente o desenvolvimento dos Estudos do Lazer como um campo acadêmico de investigação, contudo, ao longo da história cristã, o lazer tem sido abordado por cristãos como Agostinho, Tomás de Aquino, Lutero e Calvino. Uma série de observações podem ser feitas a partir de uma revisão desses dois conjuntos de literatura em torno do lazer. Primeiro, embora inúmeros livros tenham sido escritos sobre o lazer por acadêmicos cristãos nas últimas décadas, poucos desses acadêmicos são pesquisadores dos Estudos do Lazer e, na maioria dos casos, essas publicações cristãs não fazem referências a conceitos recorrentes na literatura dos Estudos do Lazer (ex.: lazer como estado mental, perspectivas feministas, lazer sério). Segundo, com poucas exceções, a literatura dos Estudos do Lazer raramente faz referência às publicações cristãs sobre o lazer. Terceiro, com raras exceções, a literatura dos Estudos do Lazer retira versículos bíblicos de seu contexto e retrata as atitudes e comportamentos de lazer de alguns grupos cristãos específicos, tais como os puritanos, de forma excessivamente negativa. Quarto, o interesse recente dentro dos Estudos do Lazer pela relação entre lazer e espiritualidade oferece a possibilidade de alguma convergência entre esses dois conjuntos de produção acadêmica em torno do lazer, embora a literatura dos Estudos do Lazer tenda a favorecer uma visão da espiritualidade mais humanista. Em particular, estudos com abordagens qualitativas de pesquisa sobre lazer e espiritualidade dão voz às perspectivas cristãs a partir das palavras de participantes cristãos.

This paper examines the interrelationships between scholarly Christian writings on leisure and leisure studies literature. As an academic field of study leisure studies is a fairly recent development, however throughout Christian history leisure has been considered by Christians such as Augustine, Aquinas, Luther and Calvin. A number of observations can be made from a review of these two bodies of literature. First, although numerous books have been written in recent decades by Christian scholars on the subject of leisure, very few of these scholars have been leisure studies scholars, and in most cases, these Christian writings have not made reference to some concepts prevalent in leisure studies literature (e.g., leisure as a state of mind, feminist perspectives, serious leisure). Second, with a few exceptions, leisure studies literature rarely references these Christian writings on leisure. Third, leisure studies literature sometimes takes biblical verses out of context and portrays the leisure attitudes and behaviours of some Christian groups such as the Puritans in an overly negative manner. Fourth, the recent interest within the leisure studies field of the relationship between leisure and spirituality offers the possibility of some convergence between the two bodies of literature, although the leisure studies literature tends to favour a more humanistic view of spirituality. In particular, qualitative research studies on leisure and spirituality give a voice to Christian perspectives as expressed through the words of Christian participants.

A Memória das Comunidades Eclesiais de Base à Luz da Psicologia da Libertação / The Memory of the Christian Base Communities in Light of the Liberation Psychology / La Memoria de las Comunidades Eclesiales de Base a la Luz de la Psicología de la Liberación

A memória das lutas populares anda de par com a conscientização política da sociedade e, nesse sentido, a pesquisa com memória pode oferecer contribuições importantes para novas lutas emergentes. Neste artigo visamos discutir a relevância da reconstrução da memória política das Comunidades Eclesiais de Base (CEBs) no contexto brasileiro a partir de um desdobramento teórico de sugestões práticas feitas por Ignacio Martín-Baró. Destacamos a importância de um movimento social que emergiu das CEBs para o processo de redemocratização brasileira na década de 1980. Com aportes da Psicologia da Libertação, argumentamos que a reconstrução da memória das CEBs pode contribuir: (1) para a construção de movimentos sociais de resistência contra os recentes ataques aos direitos, oferecendo importantes lições sobre as suas formas de luta; (2) para desfazer mitos sobre a experiência das camadas populares na ditadura (1964-1985), mostrando que a resistência contra o regime militar não era exclusividade da esquerda tradicional, mas também contava com a revolta de populações periféricas; e (3) para reafirmar as virtudes populares, em particular a capacidade inventiva do povo na organização e mobilização por novas formas de relações sociais. Com isso, na linha de Martín-Baró, reivindicamos um lugar para a psicologia junto às maiorias populares. (AU)

The memory of popular struggles goes hand in hand with society's political awareness and, in this sense, memory researches can offer important contributions to new emerging struggles. In this article, we discuss the relevance of the reconstruction of the political memory of the Christian Base Communities (CEBs) in the brazilian context from a theoretical development of practical suggestions made by Ignacio Martín-Baró. We highlight the importance of a social movement that emerged from the CEBs for the process of brazilian redemocratization in the 1980s. With contributions from Liberation Psychology, we argue that the reconstruction of CEBs' memory can contribute: (1) to the construction of social movements of resistance against recent attacks on social and human rights, offering important lessons on their forms of struggle; (2) to dispel myths about the experience of the lower classes in brazilian dictatorship (1964-1985), showing that the resistance against the military regime was not exclusive to the traditional left, but also counted on the revolt of peripheral populations; and 3) to reaffirm the popular virtues, in particular the inventive capacity of the people in organizing and mobilizing for new forms of social relations. In line with Martín-Baró, we claim a place for psychology with the popular majorities. (AU)

La memoria de las luchas populares camina junto a la concientización política de la sociedad y, en este sentido, la investigación de la memoria puede ofrecer importantes contribuciones a nuevas luchas emergentes. En este artículo discutimos la relevancia de la reconstrucción de la memoria política de las Comunidades Eclesiales de Base (CEBs) en el contexto brasileño a partir de un desarrollo teórico de sugerencias prácticas hechas por Ignacio Martín-Baró. Destacamos la importancia de un movimiento social que surgió de las CEBs en el proceso de redemocratización brasileña en la década de 1980. Con aportes de la Psicología de la Liberación, sostenemos que la reconstrucción de la memoria de las CEBs puede contribuir: (1) a la construcción de movimientos sociales de resistencia contra los recientes ataques a los derechos, ofreciendo importantes lecciones sobre sus formas de lucha; (2) a disipar los mitos sobre la experiencia de las clases populares en la dictadura brasileña (1964-1985), demostrando que la resistencia contra el régimen militar no era exclusiva de la izquierda tradicional, sino que también contaba con la revuelta de las poblaciones periféricas; y 3) a reafirmar las virtudes populares, en particular la capacidad inventiva del pueblo para organizarse y movilizarse para nuevas formas de relaciones sociales. Con esto, en línea con Martín-Baró, reclamamos un lugar para la psicología con las mayorías populares. (AU)

O Departamento Físico no projeto formador das Associações Cristãs de Moços, no Brasil (1893-1929)

RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender o lugar do Departamento Físico no projeto formador das Associações Cristãs de Moços (ACM), no Brasil, de 1893 a 1929, a partir do investimento institucional na formação física, intelectual e moral-religiosa. As fontes mobilizadas foram: revistas e documentos institucionais - panfletos, cartilhas, estatutos, atas. Os momentos iniciais de implantação das ACMs no Brasil foram de poucos investimentos na constituição do Departamento Físico, no entanto, no decorrer da consolidação da instituição, alteram-se os discursos no que tange às exigências na formação do sujeito, inseriu-se o Departamento Físico de outra forma no projeto acmista.

ABSTRACT This study aims to understand the place of the Physical Department in the formation project of the Young Men Christian Association (YMCA) in Brazil, in the 1893-1929 period, based on the institutional investment on physical, intellectual and moral-religious formation. The sources mobilized to enable this project were: magazines and institutional documents ‒ pamphlets, letters, statutes and minutes. The early stages of implementation of the YMCAs in Brazil were few in investments for the constitution of the Physical Department, however, in the course of the institution's consolidation, the speeches were altered related to the demands on the subject formation, inserting the Physical Department otherwise in acmista project.

RESUMEN Este estudio tiene como objetivo comprender el papel del Departamento Físico en el proyecto de formación de las Asociaciones Cristianas de Jóvenes (ACJ) en Brasil durante el período de 1893 a 1929, a partir de la inversión institucional en la formación física, intelectual y moral-religiosa. Las fuentes movilizadas para esta encuesta fueron: periódicos y documentos institucionales, como folletos, cuadernillos, estatutos y actas. Las primeras etapas de la implementación de la ACJ en Brasil conllevaron pocas inversiones en la constitución del Departamento de Física. Sin embargo, en el curso de la consolidación de la institución, los discursos se modificaron respecto a las exigencias de formación del individuo, por lo que el Departamento Físico, por lo demás, acabó incluyéndose en el proyecto acmista.

Entre playgrounds, praças de jogos e jardins de recreio: o debate sobre a proveitosa ocupação do tempo / Between playgrounds, praças de jogos and jardins de recreio: the discussion about the useful occupation of time / Entre áreas de juego, plazas y jardines de recreo: el debate sobre la ocupación del tiempo provechosa

Este estudo investiga iniciativas relacionadas à construção de playgrounds, de praças de jogos e de jardins de recreio durante as décadas de 1920 e 1930, em experiências educacionais empreendidas no Rio de Janeiro, em Minas Gerais e no Rio Grande do Sul, por sujeitos ligados à Associação Cristã de Moços. A análise das fontes mobilizadas permite indicar que a consideração daqueles lugares como extensão da escola, o entendimento de que eles constituiriam momento privilegiado para dar expansão aos instintos infantis, a compreensão de que as atividades ali desenvolvidas poderiam incorporar códigos para a vida social dos alunos e a preocupação com a boa ocupação do tempo livre compuseram o arranjo argumentativo para a defesa da instalação de tais espaços educativos

This study looks into actions related to the construction of playgrounds, praças de jogos and jardins de recreio in the 1920s and 1930s, in educational experiences conducted in the Brazilian states of Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul, facilitated by subjects linked to the Young Men's Christian Association. The analysis of the documents indicates that seeing those spaces as extensions of the school environment, understanding that they were privileged moments to expand children's instincts and understanding that the activities developed there could incorporate codes for student ́s social life and concern with good use of free time were part of the arguments to legitimate the construction of those educational spaces

Este estudio investiga iniciativas relacionadas con la construcción de áreas de juego, plazas y jardines de recreo, durante las décadas de 1920 y 1930, en experiencias educativas emprendidas en Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais y Rio Grande do Sul, por personas vinculadas a la Asociación Cristiana de Jóvenes. El análisis de las fuentes permite indicar que la consideración de esos lugares como extensión de la escuela, el entendimiento de que constituirían un momento privilegiado para darle expansión a los instintos infantiles, la comprensión de que las actividades allí desarrolladas podrían incorporar códigos para la vida social de los alumnos y la preocupación con la buena ocupación del tiempo libre compusieron el fondo argumentativo para la defensa de la instalación de tales espacios educativos

Os estigmas da Paixão de Cristo: dois casos de invenção ou de impostura mística / The stigmata of the Passion of Christ: two cases of invention or mystical invention / Les stigmates de la Passion du Christ : deux cas d'invention ou d'imposture mystique / Los estigmas de la Pasión de Cristo: dos casos de invención o de impostura mística

Apesar da rarefação de casos de estigmatização cristã, o interesse por esse fenômeno corporal insólito perdura. Um estudo dos casos Madeleine Lebouc e Yvonne-Aimée de Jesus revela que seus estigmas derivam ou de uma automutilação ou de uma farsa. No entanto, este não é o ponto essencial. Mais frutífera ainda mostra-se a pesquisa focada nesse modo original de relação do sujeito a seu corpo, e principalmente por que ele se sustenta em uma relação mística com Jesus. Orientando-se pela teoria freudiana e lacaniana, o presente artigo demonstra, a partir da clínica, as duas funções principais dos estigmas para esses dois sujeitos, a saber: o tratamento de um gozo louco pertencente ao corpo próprio e a emergência de um processo de representação permitindo assumi-lo e tratá-lo.

Although cases of Christian stigmatization have become rare, general interest in this unusual physical phenomenon endures. Yet, a study of the cases of Madeleine Lebouc and Yvonne-Aimée de Jésus has revealed that their stigmata proceed either from self-mutilation or fraud. However, that's not the main point. Research into this peculiar form of relationship between a subject and his body proves to be quite rewarding, mainly because the phenomenon is sustained by a mystic relation to Jesus. Based on Freud's and Lacan's theories and on clinical elements, the present paper describes the two main functions of stigmata for these subjects, i.e. the processing of uncontrollable jouissance assigned to the body itself and the development of a process of representation that enables the subject to accept it and to deal with it.

Malgré la raréfaction des cas de stigmatisation chrétienne, la passion pour ce phénomène corporel insolite perdure. Pourtant une étude des cas Madeleine Lebouc et Yvonne-Aimée de Jésus révèle que les stigmates relèvent soit d'une automutilation, soit d'une feinte suggérant leur présence. Là n'est cependant pas l'essentiel. Il importe d'interroger ce mode original du rapport du sujet à son corps et ce d'autant plus qu'il se soutient d'un rapport mystique à Jésus. A la faveur des enseignements freudiens et lacaniens, cet article démontre, à partir de la clinique, les deux fonctions principales des stigmates pour ces sujets. Soit le traitement d'une jouissance folle appartenant au corps propre et d'un processus de représentation permettant de l'assumer et de la prendre en charge.

A pesar de los pocos casos de estigmatización cristiana, el interés por este insólito fenómeno corporal perdura. Un estudio de los casos de Madeleine Lebouc e Yvonne-Aimée de Jesús revela que los estigmas delatan una automutilación o un ademán que sugiere su presencia. No obstante, esto no es lo esencial. Se muestra aún más fructífera una investigación basada en este modo original de relación entre el sujeto y su cuerpo y principalmente porque se sostiene en una relación mística con Jesús. Gracias a los aportes freudianos y lacanianos, este artículo demuestra clínicamente las dos principales funciones de los estigmas para estos dos sujetos, a saber: el tratamiento de un goce loco que pertenece al cuerpo propio y el advenimiento de un proceso de representación, permitiendo asumirlo y tratarlo.

Trotz der Seltenheit von Fällen christlicher Stigmatisierung besteht das Interesse an diesem ungewöhnlichen Körperphänomen weiter. Eine Untersuchung der Fälle Madeleine Lebouc und Yvonne-Aimée de Jésus zeigt, dass ihre Stigmata entweder auf Selbstverstümmelung oder Betrug beruhen. Dies ist jedoch nicht der wesentliche Punkt. Die Erforschung dieser eigentümlichen Form der Beziehung zwischen dem Subjekt und seinem Körper erweist sich als notwendig, vor allem weil das Phänomen sich auf eine mystische Beziehung zu Jesus stützt. In Anlehnung an die Theorien von Freud und Lacan enthüllt dieser Artikel anhand klinischer Elemente die zwei Hauptfunktionen der Stigmata für diese Subjekte: einerseits die Verarbeitung unkontrollierbaren Genießens [Jouissance], dass dem Körper selbst zugeordnet wird und anderseits das Entstehen eines Repräsentationsprozesses, der es dem Subjekt ermöglicht, dieses Genießen zu akzeptieren und es zu verarbeiten.

Using social media and apps to enhance religiosity amongst Christian youth

Social Media is a term that is so often used in our daily conversations. Whether we like it or not, it hasbecome an inevitable part of our life and it is going to stay that way in the time to come. Its rapid growthand acceptability has greatly influenced human behaviour, lifestyle and thinking. Regardless of age,gender, status and geographical location, people actively get involved in different social networking sites.The speed, cost and reach captivate the users to spend more time on the social media. Whether socialmedia is good or evil will depend on the nature of its use. This article throws some light on the increaseduse of social media among Christian youth, the role it plays in uniting Christian communities and itsgrowing impact on the administering of sacraments and the conducting of church activities. Akin togeneral population, many church leaders like Pope, Cardinals, Bishops and Priests are part of the socialmedia like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc. Some of them use it extensively to spread the Good Newsand to share their messages and ideas across larger population.

Exploration on the Origin of Qilu Modern Nursing and Some Thoughts / 中国医学伦理学

In the early 20th century,the term Nursing was introduced into China.In 1884,with the arrival of the first batch of missionary nurse,modern nursing initiated by Nightingale was introduced into China and greatly changed the way of care.The missionary nurses were full of enthusiasm for the spreading Gospel of Christ,the love for nursing care and the empathy for Chinese people;and encountered the lack of staff and material,the mis-understanding and resistance from the local people and other multiple tests.With the untiring effort of them and the trained local nurses,China had led the international care in nursing education and practice standard.Based on this,nursing in Shandong gradually rose and had an unprecedented development as a new medical subject.By clearing up and consulting Chinese and English historical materials,this paper reviewed the 60 years of the mission-ary nurses in China,saw the early development of nursing in our country from the budding and development of Shandong nursing and provided more insights for understanding and solving the complex problems contemporary Chinese nursing faces.

Lacan e o Deus-infinito de Pascal: considerações sobre a aposta pascaliana e o início de uma análise / Lacan and the God-infinite of Pascal: considerations about Pascal's wager and the beginning of a psychoanalysis treatment / Lacan y el Dios-infinito de Pascal: consideraciones sobre la apuesta de Pascal y el inicio de un análisis

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar a utilização que Jaques Lacan faz de um ponto específico da obra de Blaise Pascal, relacionado à aposta em um Deus-infinito. Lacan complementa o estudo da aposta pascaliana com uma referência à graça religiosa como momento inaugural de abertura ao infinito. A partir dessas considerações, sustenta-se a hipótese de que a aposta de Pascal pode ser aproximada à operação necessária para o início de uma análise. A aposta de Pascal coloca em jogo o infinito. Com a ajuda do filósofo Alain Badiou, tentaremos demonstrar que Lacan parte da mesma ideia ao considerar que não há abertura ao inconsciente - correlativa ao início de uma análise - sem alguma dimensão de infinitude

The article aims to analyze the use of a certain point in the work of Blaise Pascal, according to Jacques Lacan's, specifically about the wager on a God-infinite. Lacan complements the study of the Pascal's wager referring to the concept of the religious grace as the inaugural moment of opening to the infinite. From these considerations, the supported hypothesis is that Pascal's wager approaches the course necessary to the beginning of the psychoanalysis treatment. Pascal's wager puts infinite at stake. With the help of the philosopher Alain Badiou, we will try to demonstrate that Lacan shares the same idea when he considers that there is no opening to the unconscious - correlative to the beginning of an analysis - without some dimension of infinity

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la utilización que Jaques Lacan hace de un punto específico de la obra de Blaise Pascal, relacionada con apostar en un Dios-infinito. Lacan complementa el estudio de la apuesta de Pascal con una referencia a la gracia religiosa como momento inaugural de apertura al infinito. A partir de estas consideraciones se apoya la hipótesis de que la apuesta de Pascal se aproxima a la operación requerida para iniciar un análisis. La apuesta de Pascal pone en juego el infinito. Con la ayuda del filósofo Alain Badiou, trataremos de demostrar que Lacan parte de la misma idea al considerar que no hay apertura al inconsciente - correlativo al comienzo de un análisis- sin alguna dimensión de infinidad

Eye Care Practitioners’ Perception of Oculomycosis in Ghana.

Aims: Oculomycosis is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness in the tropical regions of the world. Practitioners’ perception of the prevalence of oculomycosis and its associated risk factors could aid in the prevention of this ocular disorder. This study therefore investigated the eye care practitioner’s perception of oculomycosis in Ghana. Study Design: A cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, between January and September, 2014. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey of 120 eye care practitioners in six regions of Ghana was conducted, using a structured questionnaire, to obtain information on their perception regarding the prevalence, seasonal variations and risk factors of oculomycosis. Results: Optometrists, Ophthalmic nurses, and Ophthalmologists sampled were 43.3%, 42.5% and 14.2% respectively. More than one-third (39.2%) of the respondents reported that oculomycosis was commonly encountered in clinical practice, with the majority 66 (55.0%) stating that the prevalence was higher in April to November i.e. the planting and harvesting periods in the year. The practitioners’ perception of the prevalence of oculomycosis showed strong association with their gender (P = .01), duration of practice (P = .01), profession (P = .05) and facility type (P = .03). Risk factors commonly associated with oculomycosis were trauma from vegetative matter (80%) and non-vegetative matter (50%) and the use of herbal preparations on the eye (41.7%). Conclusion: Oculomycosis is a prevalent ocular condition encountered by eye care practitioners in Ghana, especially during the rainy season. Intensification of health education on its risk factors could help minimize or prevent occurrence of this ocular condition.

La idea de psicología racional en la Metafísica Alemana (1720) de Christian Wolff / The Idea of Rational Psychology in Christian Wolff's German Metaphysics (1720)

Christian Wolff (1679-1754) fue una figura central en la Ilustración europea del siglo XVIII. Al mismo tiempo, tuvo una importancia particular para el desarrollo histórico de la psicología, pues dio a esta una nueva significación. Sin embargo, la historiografía tradicional de la psicología no le ha dado el debido reconocimiento. El objetivo de este artículo consiste en presentar un análisis teórico-conceptual de su psicología racional en su Metafísica Alemana (1720) y mostrar su importancia para los debates psicológicos posteriores. Con ello, se espera contribuir a la divulgación de un aspecto significativo del desarrollo histórico de la psicología.

Christian Wolff (1679-1754) was a central figure in the European Enlightenment in the 18th century. At the same time, he played a special role in the historical development of psychology, since he gave it a new meaning. However, the historiography of psychology has not given him his due recognition. The aim of this paper is to offer a theoretical-conceptual analysis of his rational psychology in his German Metaphysics (1720) and to show its importance to subsequent psychological debates. Thus, we hope to contribute to the divulgation of an important aspect of the historical development of psychology.

Família, religiosidade e identidade étnica nas práticas de transmissão de nomes de batismo em um grupo de imigrantes italianos / /Family, religiosity and ethnical identity in the practices of transmission of baptismal names in a group of Italian immigrants / /Familia, religiosidad e identidad étnica en las prácticas de transmisión de nombres de bautismo en un grupo de inmigrantes italianos

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a construção da identidade etnocultural de um grupo de imigrantes italianos e seus descendentes instalados no município de Campo Largo (Paraná) no período de 1878 a 1937. Para isso, parte-se do pressuposto de que a identidade de um grupo étnico surge a partir do contato interétnico, ou seja, da necessidade da afirmação de nós diante dos outros. Nessa direção, são analisadas as práticas de transmissão dos nomes de batismo como signo de construção da identidade étnica. Procurou-se verificar como o grupo em estudo construiu sua identidade pautada pelos referenciais simbólicos e culturais da terra de partida e de que forma se dá o processo de mudança tendo em vista a nova realidade e os contatos culturais estabelecidos com os brasileiros. Para conduzir essa análise, utilizaram-se, principalmente, registros paroquiais (atas de batismos, casamentos e óbitos) que foram sistematizados pela metodologia de reconstituição de famílias, oriunda da demografia histórica. Por meio da análise da documentação foi possível perceber nos nomes de batismos a predominância de elementos típicos do mundo rural de origem desses imigrantes que simbolicamente os ligavam à terra de seus ancestrais. Esses elementos foram de grande relevância para a definição da identidade do grupo como ítalo-brasileira...

The present paper has the objective of analyzing the construction of the ethnic and cultural identity of a group of Italian immigrants and their descendants who settled in Campo Largo, Paraná, Brazil, between 1878 and 1937. We assume that the identity of a group appears when inter-ethnic contact occurs or when one group feels the need to affirm itself over the others. In this context we analyzed the practices of transmission of baptismal names as signs of the construction of ethnical identity. We sought to verify how the group being studied built its identity under the guidance of the symbolic and cultural references of the land they left and how the process of change took place in view of their new realities and the cultural contacts established with the Brazilians. To guide this analyze, we based our work mainly on parish registers (records of baptisms, marriages and deaths) that were systematized by the methodology of family reconstitution, based on historical demography. This analysis enabled us to note in the baptismal names the predominance of rural traits typical of the homeland of the immigrants that symbolically linked them with the land of their ancestors. These elements were of great importance for defining the identity of the group as being both Italian and Brazilian...

El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de analizar la construcción de la identidad etnocultural de un grupo de inmigrantes italianos y sus descendientes instalados en el municipio de Campo Largo (Paraná) en el periodo de 1878 a 1937. Para ello se parte del supuesto de que la identidad de un grupo étnico surge a partir del contacto interétnico, es decir, de la necesidad de afirmación de uno frente a los demás. En este sentido se analizan las prácticas de transmisión de los nombres de bautismo como signo de construcción de la identidad étnica. Se intentó verificar cómo el grupo en estudio construyó su identidad pautada por los referentes simbólicos y culturales de la tierra de partida y de qué forma ocurre el proceso de cambio, teniendo en cuenta la nueva realidad y los contactos culturales establecidos con los brasileños. Para conducir este análisis se utilizaron sobre todo registros parroquiales (actas de bautismos, matrimonios y defunciones) que fueron sistematizados por la metodología de reconstitución de familias, oriunda de la demografía histórica. Por medio del análisis de la documentación fue posible percibir en los nombres de bautismo la predominancia de elementos típicos del mundo rural de origen de dichos inmigrantes que simbólicamente los conectaban a la tierra de sus ancestrales. Estos elementos fueron muy relevantes para definir la identidad del grupo como ítalo-brasileña...

Histiocitosis dendrocítica (histiocitosis de células de langerhans), manifestaciones orales y craneofaciales: reporte de tres casos / Dendrocitic histiocytosis (langerhans cell histiocytosis), oral and craniofacial manifestations: report of three cases

La Histiocitosis de células de Langerhans (HCL) corresponde a una proliferación anormal de células dendríticas, de tipo clonal, cuyo espectro clínico general incluye compromiso de la piel y las mucosas, las uñas, el hueso, la médula ósea, el hígado, el bazo, linfonodos, el pulmón, el tracto gastrointestinal inferior, el sistema endocrino y el sistema nervioso central. En este trabajo presentamos tres casos de la enfermedad, con manifestaciones orales y craneofaciales, analizadas desde el punto de vista clínico (examen extra e intra oral), imagenológico (tomografías computadas) e histopatológico (expresión de marcador específico CD1a). Dos casos fueron clasificados como HCL de presentación aguda diseminada y uno como presentación crónica. Los pacientes fueron tratados oportunamente con quimioterapia según el protocolo del Programa Infantil Nacional de Drogas Antineoplásicas.

The Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) corresponds to an abnormal proliferation of dendritic cells, clonal type, which usually involves compromise of skin and mucous membranes, nails, bone, bone marrow, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, lung, lower gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system and the central nervous system. We present three cases of the disease, with oral and craniofacial manifestations, analyzed from the clinical perspective (intra and extra oral exam), imaging (CT scans) and histopathological (specific marker CD1a expression). Two cases were classified as acute disseminated LCH presentation and one as a chronic disease. Patients were treated with chemotherapy timely according to the protocol of the National Child Program of Antineoplastic Drugs.

Jürgen moltmann: una aproximación a la teología de la cruz

El presente artículo de investigación pretende mostrar una recuperación temática que resalta no solo la gran importancia que la cruz posee, per se, para todos aquellos que se asumen cristianos, sino que robustece, amplía y actualiza para el hombre actual a la teología de la cruz moltmaniana en diálogo con la filosofía.

This research article aims to show a recovery theme that highlights not only the great importance of the cross, per se, for those who are assumed to be Christian, but strengthens, expands, and updates for the modern man to the theology of the Moltmannian cross, in dialogue with philosophy.

O Lugar de Christian Wolff na História da Psicologia / The Role of Christian Wolff in the History of Psychology

Christian Wolff (1679-1754) foi uma figura fundamental não só na cultura alemã do século XVIII como também no desenvolvimento histórico da psicologia. No entanto, sua obra permanece desconhecida por grande parte dos psicólogos contemporâneos. O objetivo do presente artigo é mostrar a importância de Wolff na constituição histórica da psicologia. Inicialmente, será feita uma breve contextualização histórico-cultural do Iluminismo alemão. Em seguida, mostraremos a íntima relação entre seu projeto psicológico e seu sistema filosófico. Finalmente, serão destacados alguns exemplos da influência de Wolff sobre o desenvolvimento posterior da psicologia. Conclui-se que ele merece maior atenção do que tem até aqui recebido na historiografia da psicologia em geral.

Christian Wolff (1679-1754) was a central figure not only in the German culture from the eighteenth century, but also in the historical development of psychology. However, his work remains largely unknown by most contemporary psychologists. The aim of this paper is to show Wolff's important role in the historical formation of psychology. We begin by offering a brief context of German Enlightenment in its historical-cultural aspects. Afterwards the close relationship between his psychological thought and his philosophical system will be shown. Finally, a few cases that illustrate Wolff's influence on the posterior development of psychology will be presented. We conclude that he deserves much more attention than he has received so far in the historiography of psychology in general.

Martin Heidegger and Oriental thought: confrontations / Heidegger e o pensamento oriental: confrontações

Heidegger became interested in Eastern thought, due to his attempt to overcome the conceptual expression characteristic of the Western metaphysical tradition. Everything suggests, however, that this attempt derives from the Christian experience of his early years, which would decisively influence his thinking. In fact, the conception of the human essence as relation to the Being, in terms of comprehension in his Existential Analytic and in terms of thinking in his later work,- has a striking structural analogy to the relationship between the biblical God and his creature. In both cases, the human being is freedom and openness to a gift. In this sense, Heidegger's mature thought displays more differences from than similarities to the Zen-Buddhist mysticism and Eastern thought in general: being X nothingness, finite X infinite, on the way X at the end, acceptance of a gift X identification with the absolute foundation.

Tudo indica que o interesse de Heidegger pelo pensamento oriental deriva da experiência cristã de seus anos juvenis, que vai influenciar decisivamente o seu pensamento. De fato, a concepção do ser-humano na sua relação com o ser, tanto na Analítica Existencial, em termos de compreender, como nas etapas posteriores de seu caminho, em termos de pensar, manifesta notável analogia estrutural com a relação entre o Deus bíblico e sua criatura. Em ambos os casos o ser-humano é liberdade e abertura para o dom. Neste sentido, o pensar maduro de Heidegger, ainda que experiencie também a superação de qualquer representação e desejo, apresenta mais diferenças que semelhanças com a mística do Zen-Budismo e com o pensamento oriental em geral: ser X nada, finitude X infinito, caminho X término, acolhida do dom X identificação com o fundamento absoluto.

Professor Charles I. McLaren, MD (1) : His Life and Medical Philosophy / 신경정신의학

Professor Charles I. McLaren (1882-1957) was an Australian Christian missionary and a professor of psychiatry in Korea. As the first psychiatrist from a Western country, he accomplished tremendous achievements in clinical, teaching and writing activities as well as in his missionary work. He graduated from the University of Melbourne in 1906 and, after residency training under Professor Dr. Sir Richard Stawell at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, he and his wife came to Korea in 1911. He practised medicine at Margaret Whitecross Paton Memorial Hospital in Chinju, Korea and later was appointed as a professor of psychiatry at the Severance Union Medical School in Seoul, Korea. He left Korea for a while to participate in WWII as a military doctor and he also once traveled to Vienna to learn new skills, including fever therapy and psychoanalysis. Because of his love for the Korean people, Dr. McLaren not only introduced into Korean society modern Western psychiatry and a humanitarian approach to patients with mental disorders, but he also practised medicine according to his own unique medical philosophy drawn from Christian spirituality and he educated Korean native students in psychiatry and Christianity. He and his wife also made efforts to improve old customs in Korean society. Because he argued against Japan's enforcement of emperor-worship, he had to resign from the Severance Medical College in 1939, and he returned to Chinju. Immediately after the bombing of Pearl Harbour, he was arrested, imprisoned, interned, and subequently expelled to Australia in 1942. In Melbourne, received wide press coverage and great controversy. He lectured widely and contributed to various professional and other publications, covering not only subjects in Christianity and medicine/psychiatry, but also his opinions about the war and Japan, communism and the White Australia policy. As a Christian me-dical doctor and scientist, he was interested in the "nature of man", the relationship or interaction between body (brain and/or material) and mind/spirituality, the origin of human consciousness in relation to time-space energy, the healing of disease, and the etiology of mental illness and spiritual treatment. He was passionate in his stated belief that God's Word applied to the whole spec-trum of human relationships, from personal to international, as well as to the natural world. Dr. McLaren kept his conservative Christian beliefs, but he respected traditional Asian philosophies. His thoughts and experiences were publically expressed through lectures, journals and books, not only in Korea but also in China and Australia. He was a man of compassion, courage and ceaseless intellectual activity, a pioneer of psychiatry and a lifelong explorer of the Bible. Korean psych-iatrists, who may feel confused by the many complicated new medical theories and advanced technologies, still find Dr. McLaren's simple and clear teachings on science, medicine, and human nature and his practice of caring for mental patients with a compassionate, humanitarian and Christian attitude a challenging example to emulate.

A relação corpo-alma na Metafísica Alemã (1720) de Christian Wolff / The body-soul relationship in Christian Wolff's German Metaphysics (1720)

O pensamento psicológico de Christian Wolff constitui uma das mais significativas referências para o desenvolvimento conceitual e metodológico da psicologia a partir do século XVIII. Contudo, Wolff vem sendo ignorado na literatura psicológica, sobretudo no caso brasileiro. O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar a relação corpo-alma em seu pensamento psicológico, a partir da análise de seu primeiro tratado metafísico sistemático: a Metafísica Alemã (1720). É discutido, primeiramente, o lugar da questão em seu sistema, considerando dois níveis de análise: o empírico e o racional. Segue-se apresentando as três teorias ali discutidas: o influxo natural, a intervenção imediata de Deus e a harmonia pré-estabelecida. Por fim, é feita uma análise de algumas relações entre esta última e o sistema wolffiano.(AU)

The psychological thought of Christian Wolff is one of the most important references in the conceptual and methodological development of psychology from the 18th century on. Nevertheless, Wolff has been ignored in the psychological literature, especially in Brazil. This paper intends to present the body-soul relationship in his psychological thought by analyzing his first systematic metaphysical treatise: the German Metaphysics (1720). First, the place of the topic in his system is discussed, taking into account two levels of analysis: empirical and rational. Then, the evaluation of Wolff of three theories (natural influx, God's immediate intervention and pre-established harmony) is presented. Finally, the relationship between his system and pre-established harmony is analyzed.(AU)

Doença de Weber Christian: relato de caso / Weber Christian Disease: case report

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A doença de Weber Christianou paniculite lobular idiopática é uma doença rara, que se apresenta com inflamação recorrente da camada adiposa da pele. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o quadro clínico dessa doença e informar sobre sua presença e impacto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo feminino, portadora dessa doença, que ficou 20 anos sem diagnóstico, mas quando se detectou sua presença foi possível a remissão. CONCLUSÃO: A importância do caso descrito está em demonstrar como a falta de diagnóstico interfere na qualidade devida dos pacientes, portanto é bom lembrar que doenças raras acontecem e seu diagnóstico só é feito quando se pensam em hipóteses e diagnósticos diferenciais, quesitos esses indispensáveis para o exercício da clínica médica.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Weber Christian disease or idiopathic lobular pannicullitis is a skin condition that features recurring inflammation in the fat layer of the skin. The aim of this article is to describe this rare pathology, the clinical findings and remember your presence and their impact on patient's quality of life. CASE REPORT: Female patient, we report a case of patient with Weber Christian disease that was undiagnosed for 20 years and, when it was done it was possible to remission of the disease. CONCLUSION: The importance of the case described is to demonstrate how the lack of diagnosis interfere with the quality of life of patients and we always remember that rare diseases occurand their diagnosis is only made when thinking about chance and differential diagnosis, these questions essential to the exercise of clinical practice.

Clinical analysis of the radiotherapy for Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the head and neck region / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare complex reticulocndotheliai disease that often invades the head and neck. There in no consensus of treatment. Radiation is one of the treatment options for the localized lesions. Our aim in the study was to analyze the radiotherapeutic efficacy for LCH in the head and neck region. Methods: 8 patients with eosinophilic granuloma (EG) and 1 case with Hand-Schuller-Christian disease (HSC) were treated with radiotherapy in our hospital from July 2000 to May 2007. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 5 cases of EG were treated with tumor partial excision and radiation, while the other 3 cases of EG were given radiation alone after biopsy. The HSC was administered with radiation and endocrine therapy. All the patients were followed up for 1.5-8 years. The response rate was 89%. Conclusion: Radiotherapy of LCH is an effective modality, but the optimal dose needs to be further studied.