Detección y barreras de medición del delirium en cuidado crítico: una revisión de alcance / Detecção e barreiras de mensuração do delirium em terapia intensiva: uma revisão de escopo / Detection and measurement barriers of delirium in the Intensive Care Unit: A scoping review

Objetivo: identificar las estrategias de enfermería para la detección de delirium y las barreras para su medición en la unidad de cuidado intensivo. Materiales y método: revisión de alcance a partir de la metodología del Instituto Joanna Briggs y el protocolo PRISMA-ScR, mediante una búsqueda en seis bases de datos con los términos "delirium", "diagnosis", "nursing", "critical care" y "critical care nursing" y la extracción del software SUMARI. Resultados: se seleccionaron 43 estudios para análisis y categorización en dos temáticas emergentes: "Herramientas de uso frecuente para la detección del delirium" y "Barreras reportadas por el personal de enfermería para la evaluación del delirium". Conclusiones: existe una gran variedad de herramientas validadas y estandarizadas para la detección del delirium en cuidado intensivo. No obstante, su uso es limitado en muchas ocasiones debido a las distintas barreras del paciente, el personal evaluador y el equipo multidisciplinar. Por ello, resulta importante entrenar al personal de salud para que esté familiarizado con el delirium, su detección y el uso de los múltiples instrumentos disponibles.

Objetivo: identificar as estratégias de enfermagem para detectar o delirium e as barreiras para sua mensuração na unidade de terapia intensiva. Materiais e método: revisão de escopo que seguiu a metodologia do Instituto Joanna Briggs e o protocolo Prisma-ScR, com busca em seis bases de dados, com os termos "delirium", "diagnosis", "nursing", "critical care" e "critical care nursing", e a extração no software SUMARI. Resultados: foram selecionados 43 estudos para a análise e categorização dos temas emergentes: "ferramentas de uso frequente para a detecção do delirium" e "barreiras apresentadas pela equipe de enfermagem para a avaliação do delirium". Conclusões: existe uma grande variedade de ferramentas validadas e padronizadas disponíveis para a detecção do delirium em terapia intensiva, no entanto seu uso é muitas vezes limitado devido às diferentes barreiras tanto do paciente quanto da equipe avaliadora e da equipe multidisciplinar. Por isso, é importante capacitar os profissionais de saúde para que se familiarizem com o delirium, sua detecção e o uso dos múltiplos instrumentos disponíveis.

Objective: To identify nursing strategies for the detection of delirium and the existing barriers for measuring this condition in the Intensive Care Unit. Materials and method: Scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and the PRISMA-ScR protocol through a research in six databases ­with the terms "delirium", "diagnosis", "nursing", "critical care", and "critical care nursing"­ and extraction in SUMARI software. Results: Forty-three studies were selected for analysis and categorization into two emerging themes: "Frequently used tools for delirium screening" and "Barriers by nursing staff for the evaluation of delirium". Conclusions: There is a wide variety of validated and standardized tools for the detection of delirium in intensive care. However, their use is often limited due to different barriers experienced by the patient, the evaluating staff, and the multidisciplinary team. Therefore, it is important to train health personnel so that they are familiar with delirium, its detection, and the use of the available instruments.

The relationship between compassion fatigue and workplace psychological violence, alexithymia, and empathy among clinical nurses / 中国职业医学

Objective: To study the relationship between compassion fatigue and workplace psychological violence, alexithymia, and empathy in clinical nurses. Methods: A total of 1 159 clinical nurses from 10 cities in Henan and Fujian Provinces were enrolled using the method of grabbing random balls. Questionnaires including Workplace Psychologically Violent Behaviors Instrument, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Jefferson Scale of Empathy Health Professionals, Professional Quality of Life Scale were used to investigate the status of workplace psychological violence, alexithymia, empathy, and compassion fatigue in participants. Bootstrap analysis was used to analyze the relationship between workplace psychological violence, alexithymia, empathy, and compassion fatigue scores. Results: The average score for workplace psychological violence among clinical nurses was (26.2±6.5), with 405 nurses (34.9%) having experienced workplace psychological violence. The scores for alexithymia, empathy and compassion fatigue were (58.3±12.3), (104.3±18.6) and (48.5±6.7) respectively. Mild compassion fatigue was detected in 34.9% of participants, while moderate to severe compassion fatigue accounted for 48.8%. Bootstrap test result showed that workplace psychological violence had a positive impact on compassion fatigue ［standardized effect value (β)=0.40, 95% confidence interval(CI)： 0.35-0.44］. Workplace psychological violence had separate mediating effects through alexithymia (β=0.15, 95%CI： 0.10-0.19), empathy (β=0.16, 95%CI： 0.10-0.21) , and a chain mediating effect through alexithymia and empathy on compassion fatigue (β=0.06, 95%CI： 0.03-0.09). Conclusion: Compassion fatigue symptoms are relatively common among clinical nurses. Experiencing workplace psychological violence directly affects compassion fatigue and can indirectly affect it through the mediating effects of alexithymia and empathy.

The influence of workplace violence on burnout sense in clinical nurses / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To explore the influence mechanism of intrusive thoughts and ego depletion between effects of workplace violence on burnout sense in clinical nurses. Methods: In May 2019, 10 cities in Henan Province and Fujian Province were selected as sampling cities by the method of grabbing random balls. Using the stratified cluster sampling method, nurses in clinical nursing posts in 22 third class hospitals and 23 second class hospitals were selected as the research objects for a cross-sectional epidemiological survey, including 1200 nurses. A total of 1159 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective rate was 96.6%. 1159 clinical nurses were investigated by workplace violence scale, event impact scale, self-regulation fatigue scale and job burnout scale. The items contained in the questionnaire were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis with Harman single factor test, and the demographic characteristics of nurses' workplace violence, invasive thinking, self loss and job burnout were compared and analyzed with s-n-k. Results: Those with less than 3 years of service, those with more than 3 years of aggressive thinking and self loss score, and those with less than 3 years of job burnout score; The score of job burnout of unmarried was lower than that of married; The scores of invasive thinking and self loss of non editors were higher than those of current editors; The scores of workplace violence, aggressive thinking, self loss and job burnout of clinical nurses in tertiary hospitals were higher than those in secondary hospitals; The score of job burnout of undergraduate and above is higher than that of junior college and below; The scores of workplace violence, aggressive thinking and self loss of clinical nurses in surgical departments were higher than those in non-surgical departments; The job burnout score of those aged 36 and above was higher than that of those aged <36, The difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05) . Aggressive thinking and self attrition played a mediating role between workplace violence and job burnout. Workplace violence affected job burnout through the single mediating role of aggressive thinking, the single mediating role of self attrition, and the chain mediating role of aggressive thinking self attrition (β=0.16、0.08、0.03, 95%CI: 0.251~0.190、0.121~0.028、0.050~0.012, P<0.05) . Conclusion: Workplace violence affects burnout sense through the independent mediating role of intrusive thoughts and ego depletion and the chain mediating role of intrusive thoughts and ego depletion in clinical nurses.

Analysis of the status quo of clinical nurses' disaster nursing ability and its influencing factors / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the current situation of clinical nurses' disaster nursing ability and its influencing factors, and to provide basis for carrying out clinical nurses' disaster nursing education and training.Methods:By convenient sampling method, 322 clinical nurses from Peking University Shenzhen Hospital in September 2020 were selected. The disaster nursing ability assessment tool and general information questionnaire were used to conduct a questionnaire survey to analyze the current situation of clinical nurses' disaster nursing ability and its main influencing factors.Results:The total score of disaster nursing ability of clinical nurses was (199.07±34.31) points, which was at the middle and lower level; the scores of each dimension from high to low were as follows: disaster preparedness score was (72.94±12.89) points, coping ability score was (80.00±13.82) points, disaster reduction/prevention capability score was (28.19±6.09) points, recovery/reconstruction ability score was (17.94±3.27) points. Regression analysis showed that the highest degree, clinical department, whether they have autonomously studied disaster nursing related courses after work, and whether they have participated in disaster rescue after work were the main influencing factors of clinical nurses' disaster nursing ability ( t values were -4.715-5.508, P<0.05). Conclusions:The overall level of disaster nursing ability of clinical nurses is at the middle and lower level. It should be combined with clinical nurses' work department, whether clinical nurses have disaster rescue experience and whether they have independently studied disaster nursing related courses, and targeted disaster nursing related training should be carried out to improve their disaster nursing knowledge and skill.

Nursing representativity in television health series / Representatividad de la enfermería en las series de televisión sobre salud / Representatividade da enfermagem nos seriados de saúde da televisão

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze how nursing is represented by the series that portray the context of clinical health care. v Method: a descriptive, exploratory study carried out in a public Higher Education Institution. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews with nursing students. Data analysis was performed through content analysis, supported by IRAMUTEQ version 0.7 and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0 software. Results: the analysis of the data allowed for the identification of two categories directly related to the role of nursing and to the power relations between the characters. Yet, although television series are common among nursing students, they have not influenced them in choosing the course. However, the positive perception on the part of some interviewees was related to admiration for the field of human health, but not with the nursing characters represented in the television shows. Conclusion: nursing in health series is not perceived as a leading category in its responsibilities in the care process, but only as an auxiliary group. It is noticed that the media reproduces the biomedical model, emphasizing the medical professional as the central character in clinical care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar cómo se representa la Enfermería en las series de televisión que retratan el contexto de los cuidados clínicos de la salud. Método: estudio descriptivo y exploratorio realizado en una Institución de Enseñanza superior pública. Los datos se recopilaron por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas con estudiantes de la carrera de grado de Enfermería. El análisis de los datos se realizó por medio del análisis de contenido, con la ayuda de los programas IRAMUTEQ versión 0.7 y Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versión 22.0. Resultados: el análisis de los datos permitió identificar dos categorías relacionadas directamente al rol de la enfermería y las relaciones de poder entre los personajes. Sin embargo, a pesar de que los estudiantes de Enfermería son espectadores habituales de las series televisivas, estas no los influenciaron al elegir su carrera. No obstante, por parte de algunos entrevistados, la percepción positiva estuvo relacionada con la admiración al campo de la salud de los seres humanos, aunque no con los personajes de Enfermería representados en los programas de televisión. Conclusión: en las series de salud, la Enfermería no se percibe como una categoría protagonista en sus responsabilidades inherentes al proceso del cuidado, sino solamente como un grupo auxiliar de profesionales. Se percibe que los medios de comunicación reproducen el modelo biomédico, enfatizando al profesional de la Medicina como el personaje central en los cuidados clínicos.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar como a enfermagem é representada pelos seriados que retratam o contexto dos cuidados clínicos em saúde. Método: estudo descritivo e exploratório, realizado em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Pública. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com graduandos de enfermagem. A análise de dados foi feita por meio da análise de conteúdo, subsidiada pelos softwares IRAMUTEQ versão 0.7 e Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versão 22.0. Resultados: a análise dos dados permitiu a identificação de duas categorias relacionadas diretamente ao papel da enfermagem e as relações de poder entre os personagens. Ainda, apesar dos seriados televisivos serem comum entre os estudantes de enfermagem, estas não influenciaram os acadêmicos na escolha do curso. Entretanto, a percepção positiva, por parte de alguns entrevistados, esteve relacionada com a admiração ao campo da saúde humana, mas não com as personagens de enfermagem representadas nos shows televisivos. Conclusão: a enfermagem nos seriados de saúde não é percebida como categoria protagonista em suas responsabilidades no processo de cuidar, mas, somente como um grupo auxiliar. Percebe-se que a mídia reproduz o modelo biomédico, enfatizando o profissional médico como o personagem central no cuidado clínico.

Construction of competency model for evaluating clinical nurses in hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To construct the objective and quantifiable model for evaluating clinical nurses' competency in hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine. Methods From December 2016 to August 2017, preliminary formulation of evaluation indicators was constructed through semi-structured interviews, combined with literature analysis. 21 experts from five hospitals of Traditional Chinese Medicine and medical universities were selected using Delphi method for performing two rounds of consultations and weight assignment of indexes. Data was logged and processed using SPSS 16.0. Results The preliminary system of the competency model included four items of Level one and 20 items of Level two. The weight coefficients of the first level indicators were 0.2609, 0.2598, 0.2570 and 0.2224. The positive coefficients from consulations of experts were 100 . 00％ and 95 . 24％, respectively . Authority coefficient was 0.88. The coefficients of variation were 0.0923 to 0.1628 and 0.0430 to 0.1827, respectively. Conclusions This model can provide guidance for the training objective of nurses' competency and serve as an instrument for hospital managers to evaluate nurses in hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine.

Construction of competency model for evaluating clinical nurses in hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective@#To construct the objective and quantifiable model for evaluating clinical nurses' competency in hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine.@*Methods@#From December 2016 to August 2017, preliminary formulation of evaluation indicators was constructed through semi-structured interviews, combined with literature analysis. 21 experts from five hospitals of Traditional Chinese Medicine and medical universities were selected using Delphi method for performing two rounds of consultations and weight assignment of indexes. Data was logged and processed using SPSS 16.0.@*Results@#The preliminary system of the competency model included four items of Level one and 20 items of Level two. The weight coefficients of the first level indicators were 0.260 9, 0.259 8, 0.257 0 and 0.222 4. The positive coefficients from consulations of experts were 100.00% and 95.24%, respectively. Authority coefficient was 0.88. The coefficients of variation were 0.092 3 to 0.162 8 and 0.043 0 to 0.182 7, respectively.@*Conclusions@#This model can provide guidance for the training objective of nurses' competency and serve as an instrument for hospital managers to evaluate nurses in hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine.

Spirituality and spiritual care in nursing: A literature review

@#<p style="text-align: justify;">Spirituality is a multifaceted concept with varied definitions. In the nursing literature, it is commonly described based on its significance in the lives of individuals. Exploring the perspectives of nurses, nursing students, and patients regarding spirituality and spiritual care is crucial to gain a sound understanding of how these concepts impact the nursing profession. This literature review explored the perspectives on spirituality and spiritual care of four population groups: nurse educators, nursing students, clinical nurses, and patients. A literature search was done using worldwide databases. The 84 articles included dealt with the perceptions of nurse educators, nursing students, clinical nurses, and patients regarding spirituality and spiritual care.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The four main categories of perspectives from the nurse educators, nursing students, nurse clinicians, and patients yielded ten sub-categories: (a) meaning of spirituality and spiritual care, (b) role of spirituality and spiritual care in nursing practice, (c) role of nursing education in developing spirituality and spiritual care competence of nursing students, (d) manner of integrating spirituality and spiritual care in nursing curriculum, (e) methods of teaching spirituality and spiritual care, (f) manner of spiritual care delivery, (g) barriers and challenges to the teaching and learning of spirituality and spiritual care, (h) barriers and challenges to spiritual care delivery, (i) ways of enhancing nurse educators' competence in curricular integration and teaching spirituality and spiritual care, and (j) ways of enhancing nurses' competence in spiritual care delivery.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Nurse educators, nursing students, clinical nurses, and patients presented similar and diverse perspectives, but they all recognized the significance of spirituality and spiritual care in the profession. The information derived from this study can contribute to the existing knowledge base and spur strategies at individual and institutional levels to enhance teaching and learning of the concepts, improve practice, and promote holistic care.</p>

Competences and Barriers for the Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing: an integrative review / Competencias y barreras para Práctica Basada en Evidencias en la Enfermería: revisión integrativa / Competências e barreiras para Prática Baseada em Evidências na Enfermagem: revisão integrativa

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze knowledge, attitudes, practices, and frequent barriers to the implementation of the Evidence-Based Practice among nursing assistants in the hospital. Method: This is an integrative review, whose search for primary studies occurred in the PubMed, CINAHL and LILACS databases. For the analysis, cross-sectional observational studies were included in English, Portuguese and Spanish, published in nursing journals, from January 2007 to July 2016. Results: The search resulted in 363 articles, including nine primary studies. The sources of recurrent evidence among care nurses were: personal experience and local care protocols. These professionals presented weaknesses in the implementation of the Evidence-Based Practice related to the lack of knowledge for evidence evaluation, work overload and resistance to change of practice. Final considerations Nurses presented favorable attitudes, however, with little knowledge to perform the Evidence-Based Practice. Results can support interventions for its implementation in the hospital.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar conocimientos, actitudes, prácticas y barreras frecuentes para la implementación de la Práctica Basada en Evidencias entre enfermeros asistenciales en el contexto hospitalario. Método: Se trata de una revisión integrativa, cuya búsqueda de los estudios primarios ocurrió en las bases PubMed, CINAHL y LILACS. Para el análisis se incluyeron estudios observacionales, en corte transversal, en inglés, español, portugués y publicados en revistas de enfermería a partir del enero 2007 hasta el julio 2016. Resultado: La búsqueda resultó en 363 artículos, siendo incluidos nueve estudios primarios. Las fuentes de evidencia recurrentes entre los enfermeros asistenciales fueron: la experiencia personal y los protocolos asistenciales locales. Estos profesionales presentaron fragilidades para la implementación de la Práctica Basada en Evidencias relacionadas al poco conocimiento para evaluación de evidencias, sobrecarga de trabajo y resistencia al cambio de prácticas. Consideraciones finales: Los enfermeros presentaron actitudes favorables; sin embargo, tenían poco conocimiento para desempeñar la Práctica Basada en Evidencias. Los resultados pueden subsidiar intervenciones para su implementación en el ámbito hospitalario.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar conhecimentos, atitudes, práticas e barreiras frequentes para a implementação da Prática Baseada em Evidências entre enfermeiros assistenciais no contexto hospitalar. Método: Trata-se de revisão integrativa, cuja busca dos estudos primários ocorreu nas bases PubMed, CINAHL e LILACS. Para análise foram incluídos estudos observacionais, tipo transversal, em inglês, português e espanhol, publicados em periódicos de enfermagem, no período de janeiro 2007 a julho 2016. Resultado: A busca resultou em 363 artigos, sendo incluídos nove estudos primários. As fontes de evidências recorrentes entre os enfermeiros assistenciais foram: a experiência pessoal e os protocolos assistenciais locais. Esses profissionais apresentaram fragilidades para a implementação da Prática Baseada em Evidências relacionadas ao pouco conhecimento para avaliação de evidências, sobrecarga de trabalho e resistência à mudança de práticas. Considerações finais: Enfermeiros apresentaram atitudes favoráveis, entretanto, pouco conhecimento para desempenharem a Prática Baseada em Evidências. Resultados podem subsidiar intervenções para sua implementação em âmbito hospitalar.

Effects of Role Conflict and Ambiguity, and Fatigue on Self-Resilience in Clinical Nurses: After the MERS outbreak / 산업간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the degree of role conflict and its ambiguity, and fatigue in clinical nurses and to analyze the effect of these on their self-resilience in order to provide fundamental data for improving their working environment after the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak. METHODS: After the collection of data from 258 clinical nurses in five general hospitals, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. RESULTS: A significant positive correlation was found between nurses' role conflict and ambiguity and fatigue; while a negative correlation was found between nurses' role conflict and ambiguity and self-resilience. A significant negative correlation was found between fatigue and self-resilience. According to the study results, the factor that affected clinical nurses' self-resilience the most was role conflict and its ambiguity, followed by marital status, fatigue, educational level, religion, and related tasks, which together accounted for 38% of self-resilience in clinical nurses. CONCLUSION: To improve weaknesses in nursing care after the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak, the scope of nursing care was changed upon the expansion of integrated nursing and care-giving services. Therefore, in the rapidly changing environment of nursing, policies to improve nursing performance, as well as successful reaction capability, are suggested.

Current Status of Biological Nursing Science Education for Clinical Nurses in General Hospital

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent and the nature of biological nursing science education for clinical nurses in general hospital. METHODS: Five advanced general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi province were conveniently sampled. Contents of education for nurses conducted by the hospital nursing department from January 1 to December 31 of 2015 were collected. Contents of education included biological nursing science and the scope of inclusion and time of assignment were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 271 cases of nursing education data were collected and 223 cases were analyzed after excluding 48 cases whose contents were not confirmed. Biological nursing science was included in the contents of education for 117 cases (52.5%), but not for 106 cases (47.5%). Regarding the frequency of the biological nursing science education contents, ‘pathophysiology’was the most frequently included (n=286), followed by ‘structure and function of the human body’ (n=191), ‘mechanisms and effects of drugs’ (n=114) and ‘clinical microbiology’ (n=43). CONCLUSION: Results of this study confirmed that the education for clinical nurses included a lot of biological nursing science related contents. These results can be used as basis for the development of curriculum and training course for nurses.

Effects of Labor Intensity and Fatigue on Sleep Quality of Clinical Nurses / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of labor intensity and fatigue on the sleep quality of clinical nurses and provide basic data for preparation of nursing interventions to improve sleep quality. METHODS: Data were collected from 198 nurses in 2 general hospitals with more than 500 beds in D-city. Data analysis was performed using stepwise regression with the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. RESULTS: The significant factors influencing sleep quality of the clinical nurses were fatigue, absolute labor intensity, and shift type. Explanatory power was 66% in the regression model. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that nurses with higher level of fatigue, and greater absolute labor intensity which implies extended work hours, had lower sleep quality for all the three shifts. To improve the sleep quality of clinical nurses, an intervention program for fatigue management is needed. In addition, hospitals should establish an internal legal standard to compensate overtime work with breaks. At the same time, as shift work is inevitable for nurses, it is necessary to develop a work system that can minimize the disturbance of daily rhythms.

Factors related to Self-leadership of Korean Clinical Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: In this study a systematic review and meta-analysis was used to examine the variables related to self-leadership in Korean clinical nurses. METHODS: A search and screening of the literature uncovered, 49 related studies done between 2003 and 2016 were then reviewed. A meta-analysis of 44 studies from doctoral dissertations, master's thesis and published articles was also carried out. The correlational effect size (ESr) for each related variable was calculated. RESULTS: Sixty-nine related variables were identified from the systematic review. Twenty-three (5 personal, 13 professional and 5 organizational) variables were eligible for meta-analysis. The overall effect size was .47. The personal factors (ESr=.48) and the professional factors (ESr=.44) had larger effect size than the organizational factors (ESr=.28). Factors with the largest effect size among personal, professional and organizational factors were self-efficacy (ESr=.58), nursing service (ESr=.68) and supervisor's leadership (ESr=.36) respectively. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that for Korean clinical nurses individual factors including personal or professional factors have a stronger impact on self-leadership than organizational factors. It is necessary to develop interventions and training programs which focus on improving self-efficacy to promote self-leadership in clinical nurses.

Estilo de liderazgo en profesionales de enfermería según su función en los sectores público o privado en Temuco, Chile, 2015 / Leadership Style among Nursing Professionals According to their Role in the Public or Private Sectors in Temuco, Chile - 2015 / Estilo de liderança em profissionais de enfermagem segundo sua função nos setores público ou privado em Temuco, Chile, 2015

RESUMEN Introducción: el liderazgo de enfermería se considera una competencia fundamental, por su clara repercusión en la calidad de los cuidados. Objetivo: conocer el estilo de liderazgo que ejercen enfermeras(os) asistenciales, docentes y supervisoras(es). Material y método: investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y transversal. La muestra está constituida por 165 profesionales de enfermería del área adulto-pediátrica, en una ciudad del sur de Chile. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante el Cuestionario Multifactorial de Liderazgo, en su forma corta, adaptado a la población chilena por Vega y Zabala. Resultados: se evidencia que los profesionales en enfermería asistenciales desarrollan en menor grado los estilos transformacional y transaccional. Por el contrario, aquellos de las áreas docente y de supervisión utilizan preferentemente un liderazgo transaccional, donde se destaca la recompensa contingente en docentes y la consideración individualizada en supervisores, como las principales. Según el sexo, las mujeres utilizan con mayor frecuencia las conductas motivación inspiracional y carisma inspiracional. Además, el liderazgo transaccional está más presente en mujeres, al igual que la consideración individualizada. Conclusión: se aprecia el predominio del liderazgo transaccional en enfermeras(os) docentes y supervisoras(es), que afecta el desarrollo y el fortalecimiento de un liderazgo transformador esencial para una gestión del cuidado de calidad.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Nursing leadership is considered a fundamental competence, due to its impact on the quality of care. Objective: Know the style of leadership exercised by nurses, nursing assistants, nursing teachers and supervisors. Materials and method: This is a quantitative, descriptive and transversal study. The sample is comprised of 165 nursing professionals from the adult-pediatric area in Temuco, southern Chile. Data collection was done through the Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire, in its short form, adapted to the Chilean population by Vega and Zabala. Results: It was shown that nursing professionals develop transformational and transactional styles to a lesser degree. In the teaching and supervisory areas, they exercise transactional leadership, and contingent reward in teachers and individualized consideration in supervisors are elements that stand out. According to gender, women most often use inspirational motivational behavior and inspirational charisma. In addition, transactional leadership is found more in women, as is individualized consideration. Conclusion: The predominance of transactional leadership in nurses (teachers) and supervisors (s), which favors the development and reinforcement of transformative leadership, is essential to quality care management.

RESUMO Introdução: a liderança de enfermagem é considerada uma competência fundamental por sua repercussão na qualidade dos cuidados. Objetivos: conhecer o estilo de liderança que exercem enfermeiros(as) assistenciais, docentes e supervisores(as). Materiais e método: pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e transversal. A amostra está constituída por 165 profissionais de enfermagem da área adulto-pediátrica, em Temuco, no sul do Chile. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante o Questionário Multifatorial de Liderança, em sua forma curta, adaptado à população chilena por Vega e Zabala. Resultados: evidencia-se que os profissionais em enfermagem assistenciais desenvolvem em menor grau os estilos transformacional e transacional; nas áreas docente e de supervisão, exercem liderança transacional e destaca-se a recompensa contingente em docentes e a consideração individualizada em supervisores. Segundo o sexo, as mulheres utilizam com maior frequência os comportamentos motivação inspiracional e carisma inspiracional. Além disso, a liderança transacional está mais presente em mulheres, assim como a consideração individualizada. Conclusões: observa-se o predomínio da liderança transacional em enfermeiros(as) docentes e supervisores(as), que favorece o desenvolvimento e o fortalecimento de uma liderança transformadora essencial para uma gestão do cuidado de qualidade.

Shift handover experience of ICU nurses:a qualitative study / 现代临床护理

Objective To study the shift handover experience of ICU clinical nurses. Method About 19 ICU nurses were enrolled in the investigation using semi-structured interviews and the results were analyzed with phenomenological analysis. Result Their shift handover experience were summarized into 6 themes, that is high recognition on the importance of shift handover, lack of standardized processes, incomplete contents of shift handover, frequent interruption, forgotten information and repeated information. Conclusions Shift handover is an important part of ICU nursing function but there are many problems in the practical operation. The nurse managers need to standard the handover process, stipulate handover contents and enhance the training on shift handover with specialist examination and positive results for the purpose of improving the quality of the shift handover.

Nivel de autonomía de enfermeras en la práctica pediátrica. Una experiencia chilena / Level of autonomy among pediatric practice nurses: A Chilean experience / Nível de autonomia de enfermeiras na prática pediátrica. Uma experiência chilena

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de autonomía que perciben las enfermeras pediátricas en su ejercicio profesional. Métodos: Estudio transversal observacional analítico en una población de 31 enfermeras pediátricas de un hospital público de Valdivia, Chile. Se aplicó un cuestionario previamente traducido, adaptado transculturalmente y validado por juicio experto. Se determinó el nivel de autonomía en acciones asistenciales de cuidado y operacionales mediante escalas Likert de 5 puntos. Se analizó mediante estadística descriptiva, se utilizaron medidas de frecuencia y de tendencia central y dispersión. Se analizó la asociación entre nivel de autonomía y variables demográficas y laborales, y se empleó el test t de Student o el exacto de Fisher, según correspondiera. Resultados: En asistencia y cuidado los niveles más elevados de autonomía ocurrieron en «enseñar al paciente actividades de autocuidado¼, «ensenar a pacientes actitudes de promoción de salud¼ y «prevenir las caídas¼, con 96.8% de preferencia del nivel más elevado de autonomía (media = 4.96). En actividades operacionales, los mayores valores medios se observaron en «desarrollar y revisar procedimientos¼ y «desarrollar y revisar la norma de cuidados de enfermería¼ (media = 4.2), en tanto que los más bajos se detectaron en «planificar el gasto anual¼ y «entrevistar y seleccionar nuevo personal¼, con medias de 2.5 y 2.6, respectivamente. El nivel de autonomía en actividades operacionales se asoció significativamente a la edad, a la antigüedad laboral total y a la antigüedad en unidades pediátricas. Conclusiones: Hubo variabilidad en el nivel de autonomía en diferentes áreas del rol. Se constató que las tareas asistenciales son desarrolladas con mayor independencia, en particular las acciones de educación y promoción, mientras que las funciones administrativas muestran un desempeño más dependiente.

Objective: To determine the level of autonomy which pediatric nurses perceive within their professional practice. Methods: This is transversal, observational, and analytic study over a population of 31 pediatric nurses from a public hospital in Valdivia, Chile. A previously translated and trans-culturally validated by expert opinion questionnaire was used. The level of autonomy related to care assistance and operational activities was estimated through 5-point-Likert scales. Descriptive statistics which included frequency, central tendency, and dispersion measurements were carried out. Using the t student and the Fisher exact tests, the association between the level of autonomy and the demographical and working-related variables was analyzed. Results: Regarding assistance and care, the highest autonomy levels were found in ''teaching the patient self-care activities'', ''teaching the patients health promoting attitudes'' and ''falls prevention'', with 96.8% preference (mean = 4.96). Regarding operational activities the highest values were found in ''developing and reviewing procedures'', and ''developing and reviewing the nursing care norm'' (mean = 4.2). On the other hand, the lowest autonomy levels were found in ''planning the year expenditure'' and ''selecting new personnel'', with means of 2.5 and 2.6 respectively. The level of autonomy in operational activities was significantly associated with age, total working-seniority, and pediatric-related working-seniority. Conclusions: Variability in the level of autonomy was found among diverse role areas. It was acknowledged that the assistance tasks were carried out with greater independence, particularly in relation to education and promotion activities, while on the other hand the management functions were performed with less independence.

Objetivo: Determinar o nível de autonomia que percebem enfermeiras pediátricas no seu labor profissional. Métodos: Estudo transversal observacional analítico em população de 31 enfermeiras pediátricas de um hospital público de Valdivia, Chile. Aplicou-se um questionário previamente traduzido, adaptado transculturalmente e validado por juízo experiente. Determinou-se o nível de autonomia em ações assistenciais de cuidado e operacionais mediante escalas Likert de 5 pontos. Analisou-se mediante a estatística descritiva, realizaram-se medidas de frequência e de tendência central e de dispersão. Analisou-se associação entre o nível de autonomia e variáveis demográficas e laborais, empregou-se teste t de Student e exato de Fisher conforme correspondeu. Resultados: Em assistência e cuidado, os níveis mais elevados de autonomia aconteceram em «mostrar ao paciente atividades de autocuidado¼, «ensinar ao paciente atitudes de promoção de saúde¼ e «prevenir as quedas¼, com um 96.8% de preferência do nível mais alto de autonomia (media = 4.96). Em atividades operacionais os valores maiores médios observaram-se em «desenvolver e revisar procedimentos¼ y «desenvolver e revisar a norma de cuidados de enfermagem¼ (media = 4.2), enquanto os mais baixos em «planificar o gasto anual¼ e «entrevistare escolher novo pessoal¼, com médias de 2.5 e 2.6, respetivamente. O nível de autonomia em atividades operacionais associou-se significativamente à idade, antiguidade laboral total e antiguidade em unidades pediátricas. Conclusões: Houve variabilidade no nível de autonomia em diferentes áreas do rolo. Constatou-se que as tarefas assistenciais são desenvolvidas com maior independência, em especial ações de educação e promoção, enquanto que funções administrativas mostram desempenho mais dependente.

Influence of Professionalism, Role Conflict and Work Environment in Clinical Nurses with Expanded Role on Job Enbeddedness / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the influence of professionalism, role conflict and work environment in clinical nurses with expanded role (CNE) on job embeddedness. METHODS: The participants in this study were 136 CNE working in general hospitals in Seoul, the wider metropolitan area and Gangwon Province. RESULTS: Job embeddedness, work environment and professional performance of the participants showed positive correlation with each other. Significant predictors of embeddeness were belief in public service and sense of calling in the professional subcategory and participation in hospital affairs and nurse-doctor relationship in the work environment subcategory. CONCLUSION: Finding from this study indicate the need to evaluate and improve the significant predictors of job embeddedness for CNE.

Investigate and analysis on cognition to the knowledge of peripheral venous indwelling needles of ;clinical nurses in a certain grade A class three hospital / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the cognition level of clinical nurses to peripheral venous indwelling needles, and provide a reference for nursing administrators to carry out targeted intravenous catheter standardized training operation. Methods By convenience sampling, 129 clinical nurses of the certain grade A class three hospital were selected, and their perception about indwelling intravenous catheter were investigated by using self-designed questionnaire in November 2015. Results 125 questionnaires were effectively rewnered. Average score of 125 nurses′cognition to indwelling intravenous catheter was (57.52 ± 10.23) points, pass rate was 65.6%(82/125), and influencing factors were education background, the job tittle, work experience and so on. Conclusions The clinical nurses′assessment, cognition and knowledge master to indwelling intravenous catheter is not ideal, lacking a comprehensive clinical peripheral venous catheter assessment tools. Clinical nurse managers should focus on strengthening vein management, reasonable and better trained clinical nurse intravenous catheter cognitive level, so as to ensure that the effect of catheter using.

A survey of nurses′monitoring and management of blood glucose critical values / 现代临床护理

Objective To investigate the cognition of the monitoring and management of blood glucose critical values among clinical nurses. Method Totally 112 clinical nurses from 28 departments of the hospital were involved in the investigation with a self-designed questionnaire. Results The average score on monitoring and management of blood glucose critical values was (79.69 ± 14.12). 53 nurses (47.32%) were at a medium or lower level. There were significant differences in the scores among the nurses of different age, work experience, education level and professional title (P<0.05). Conclusions The clinical nurses have inadequate knowledge about the monitoring and management of blood glucose critical values. The hospital administration should carry out various training methods for nurses to improve their ability in nursing diabetic patients.

Development of an evaluation system for excellent clinical nurses based on competency theory / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To construct a scientific,valid evaluation system for excellent clinical nurses.Methods Based on the framework of competency theory,systematic literature reviewing,nursing experts discussion and the Delphi method were used to determine the primary indexes for the evaluation system.The evaluation system was determined from three perspectives,doctors',nurses' and patients'.Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was then used to determine the weight of each index.Results The weight of doctors',nurses' and patients' perspective was 0.2,0.4,0.4 respectively.Doctors' and nurses' perspective(hereinafter referred to as staff's perspective) had the same evaluating indexes,which both consisted of 5first-dimensions,22 second-dimensions.The patients' perspective contained 3 first-dimensions,14 seconddimensions.In two-round Delphi technique,the rates of questionnaire retrieve were 91.2％ (31/34),100.0％(31/31),respectively;the colleagues' coordination coefficients were 0.784,0.858,respectively,and the patients' coordination coefficients were 0.05,0.216,respectively.Conclusions A evaluation system of high reliability and validity for excellent clinical nurseshas been successfully constructed.It may be utilized as a tool to for nursing administrator selection,training,assessment of excellent clinical nurses.