Clinical Signs and Subjective Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders in Instrumentalists

PURPOSE: Most of the reports on instrumentalists' experiences of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have been reported not by clinical examinations but by subjective questionnaires. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical signs and subjective symptoms of TMD in a large number of instrumentalists objectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 739 musicians from a diverse range of instrument groups completed a TMD questionnaire. Among those who reported at least one symptom of TMD, 71 volunteers underwent clinical examinations and radiography for diag-nosis. RESULTS: Overall, 453 participants (61.3%) reported having one or more symptoms of TMD. The most frequently reported symptom was a clicking or popping sound, followed by temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, muscle pain, crepitus, and mouth opening limitations. Compared with lower-string instrumentalists, a clicking or popping sound was about 1.8 and 2 times more frequent in woodwind and brass instrumentalists, respectively. TMJ pain was about 3.2, 2.8, and 3.2 times more frequent in upper-string, woodwind, and brass instrumentalists, respectively. Muscle pain was about 1.5 times more frequent in instrumentalists with an elevated arm position than in those with a neutral arm position. The most frequent diagnosis was myalgia or myofascial pain (MFP), followed by disc displacement with reduction. Myalgia or MFP was 4.6 times more frequent in those practicing for no less than 3.5 hours daily than in those practicing for less than 3.5 hours. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that playing instruments can play a contributory role in the development of TMD.

Clinical Signs and Subjective Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders in Instrumentalists

PURPOSE: Most of the reports on instrumentalists' experiences of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have been reported not by clinical examinations but by subjective questionnaires. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical signs and subjective symptoms of TMD in a large number of instrumentalists objectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 739 musicians from a diverse range of instrument groups completed a TMD questionnaire. Among those who reported at least one symptom of TMD, 71 volunteers underwent clinical examinations and radiography for diag-nosis. RESULTS: Overall, 453 participants (61.3%) reported having one or more symptoms of TMD. The most frequently reported symptom was a clicking or popping sound, followed by temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, muscle pain, crepitus, and mouth opening limitations. Compared with lower-string instrumentalists, a clicking or popping sound was about 1.8 and 2 times more frequent in woodwind and brass instrumentalists, respectively. TMJ pain was about 3.2, 2.8, and 3.2 times more frequent in upper-string, woodwind, and brass instrumentalists, respectively. Muscle pain was about 1.5 times more frequent in instrumentalists with an elevated arm position than in those with a neutral arm position. The most frequent diagnosis was myalgia or myofascial pain (MFP), followed by disc displacement with reduction. Myalgia or MFP was 4.6 times more frequent in those practicing for no less than 3.5 hours daily than in those practicing for less than 3.5 hours. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that playing instruments can play a contributory role in the development of TMD.

Quantification and genotyping of PCV2 DNA in the tissues of PCV2-infected conventional pigs with different clinical signs / 대한수의학회지

This study was focused on the genotyping and quantification of Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in thirty PCV2-positive pigs with different clinical symptoms (PCV2-infected without wasting, PCV2-infected with wasting, PCV2-infected with wasting and lymphoid depletion). The quantity of PCV2 DNA in diverse tissues was significantly differed among these groups. (One-way ANOVA test, p < 0.001) Interestingly, PCV2-DNA load in tissues of PCV2-infected pigs without wasting and PCV2-infected pigs with wasting and lymphoid depletion were not significantly differed (p = 0.38), while they were all significantly higher when compared with PCV2-infected pigs with wasting-only. PCV2 DNA quantity in tissues was significantly higher in PCV2a and 2b co-infected pigs compared to the PCV2b only-infected pigs (Wilcoxon test, p = 0.039). The PCV2a and 2b co-infected pigs had increased wasting and lymphoid depletion rate but it was not statistically significant. Therefore, this cross-sectional study suggested that PCV2 DNA load in tissues was diverse by clinical and histological findings. Furthermore, co-infection of PCV2a and 2b affected to the PCV2 DNA load in tissues with increased rate of wasting and lymphoid depletion.

Usefulness of Pasma Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Concentration in the Diagnosis of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants

PURPOSE: Diagnosis of a hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) that should be treated is difficult to determine by clinical and echocardiographic examinations. The aim of this study was to clarify the interrelationship of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) concentrations and clinical signs or echocardiographic signs of PDA in preterm infants and use plasma ANP concentrations as a diagnostic indicator of a hemodynamically significant PDA. METHODS: Twenty-four preterm infants who were born at Guro Hospital, Korea Medical Center were evaluated on the 3rd day after birth. Clinical signs(cardiovascular dysfunction score 3) and echocardiographic signs[magnitude of left-to-right shunt across a PDA and left atrium(LA): Ao ratio] of a PDA and plasma ANP concentrations were measured. RESULTS: Plasma ANP concentrations and LA/Ao ratios of preterm infants with hemodynamically significant PDA were significantly higher than those of preterm infants without hemodynamically significant PDA. Plasma ANP concentrations were related to the magnitude of the left- to-right shunt across a PDA and LA: Ao ratio. Plasma ANP concentrations of LA/Ao of more than 1.3 were significantly higher than that of LA/Ao of less than 1.3. CONCLUSION: In preterm infants, high plasma ANP concentration may be a useful predictive indicator of a hemodynarnically significant PDA. Measurement of plasma ANP concentration may play a role in deciding the need for and timing of medical or surgical management of preterm infants with PDA.