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@#The use of natural products for disease control is a promising approach to solving the problem of drug resistance. The aim of the research reported here was to evaluate the fasciolicidal and anti-Clostridium novyi type B activities of propolis administered orally to sheep infected with Fasciola gigantica and C. novyi type B. Sheep infected with both pathogens were divided into two groups: an infected treated group and an infected non-treated group. The treatment was oral administration of 50 mg propolis extract/kg daily for 15 days. The body weight of the sheep, fecal egg counts of F. gigantica, serum levels of F. gigantica IgG, concentrations of cytokines (IL-2, IL-10, and IL-17), and bacterial counts of C. novyi were evaluated. Following treatment, the sheep had increased body weight and a significant decrease in the egg count, which was reduced by 54.54% at 15 days post treatment. The level of anti- Fasciola IgG increased, whereas levels of IL-2, IL-10, and IL-17 decreased in propolistreated sheep. Treatment of sheep with propolis produced a significant reduction in fecal count of C. novyi, from 8 × 109 to 3 × 103 colony units per gram at 15 days post treatment. This research highlights the therapeutic potential of Egyptian propolis extract as a treatment against F. gigantica and C. novyi type B infections, and investigated its mode of action through its effect on some cellular and humoral responses in sheep with both infections.
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ABSTRACT Clostridial collagenase is recognized as one of the important proteolytic enzymes used in treatment of varieties of fibro-proliferative disorders. The present work aimed to optimise the biomass concentration and collagenase enzyme activity of novel bacilli Clostridium novyi-NT. The response surface methodology tool was used to identify the optimal fermentation parameters. Central composite design (CCD) was applied with respect to three influencing factors - pH, proteose peptone and trypticase soya broth. These factors showed significant effect on the overall biomass concentration and collagenase enzyme activity (p<0.05). The maximum biomass concentration in terms of absorbance and collagenase activity (of crude enzyme) was achieved and recorded as 0.8309±0.0012 and 298.88±1.36 units/mg respectively after 22 hours of fermentation period while optimisation of media factors with help of response surface quadratic model. This is the first study to report maximum biomass concentration and collagenase activity by Clostridium novyi-NT till date by combining statistical designs.
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The objective of this study was to describe the first report involving a case of equine acute myonecrosis caused by C. novyi type A with an emphasis on clinical signs, the pathological and bacteriological analysis, and molecular identification of the microorganisms as the key of the definitive diagnosis.