RESUMO
Forskolin is a complex labdane plant diterpenoid, which has been used in the treatment of a variety of diseases based on its activity as an activator of adenosine monophosphate(cAMP) cyclase. Natural forskolin exists only in the cork layer of the root of Coleus forskohlii. Due to the complexity of the extraction and chemical synthesis processes, the yield and purity of forskolin cannot meet commercial requirements. In recent years, with the rapid development of synthetic biology and the analysis and interpretation of many diterpene biosynthetic pathways, a new approach has been provided for the green production of forskolin. In this paper, the structure, activity, biosynthetic pathway and the heterologous biosynthesis of forskolin were reviewed. The problems and solutions in the heterologous biosynthesis of forskolin were also discussed and summarized, which will provide references for the construction of high-yielding forskolin engineering strains.
Assuntos
Vias Biossintéticas , ColforsinaRESUMO
Coleus forskohlii L. is an important medicinal plant species found in tropical regions of India. Roots and tubers are used for treating a variety of purposes, including treating asthma, bronchitis, insomnia, epilepsy and angina.Due to diverse use, the species has been largely exploited from natural habitat leading to its threatened status. A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on its growth and yield. Six treatments including T1 Control -No Manures; T2: 100% NPK recommended dose (N- 40 kg ha-1), T3: 50% NPK + 10 Tonnes of Farm Yard Manure / ha-1, T4: 50% NPK + 5 Tonnes of Vermicompost/ ha, T5:20 Tonnes of Farm Yard Manure / ha and T6: Vermicompost 10 Tonnes/ha-1. Results indicated the improvement in the growth and yield. Combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers is very productive than the application of manures or fertilizers alone for achieving higher growth and yield in C.forskohli.
RESUMO
Coleus forskohlii is an important ancient root drug of Indian origin, commonly known as gander in indian ayurvedic system of medicine. A lot of research work has been done on Coleus forskohlii regarding various cardiovascular disorders but no work has been done to find out its cardioprotective activity. Wistar albino rats were divided into five main groups having 5 animal each: Group 1 termed as Normal control (NC) received 0.5ml of normal saline throughout experimental period and served as control. Group 2 termed as Isoprenaline group (ISO) received 0.5ml of normal saline for 28 day and received Isoprenaline (85mg/kg, s.c.) on 29th and 30th day at an interval of 24 hours. Group 3 termed as Standard group (STD) received Metoprolol (pure) (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 28 day and received Isoprenaline (85mg/kg, s.c.) on 29th and 30th day at an interval of 24 hours. Group 4 termed as Test group 1 (TG 1) & Group 5 termed as Test group 2 (TG 2) received Coleus forskohlii (50 mg/kg/day, p.o.) (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 28 day and received Isoprenaline (85mg/kg, s.c.) on 29th and 30th day at an interval of 24 hours respectively. The experiment was terminated on 31st day and animal were sacrificed by cervical decapitation after an overnight fast. Blood was collected for estimation of biochemical parameter and heart was dissected out for grading, heart/weight ratio and histopathological examination.the the level of marker enzyme in serum as AST, ALT, LDH, CK, Troponin-I were significantly decreased (P<0.001) in rats pretreated with Coleus forskohlii when compared to that of group which received isoprenaline alone. Further, histopathological examination showed the reduction of necrosis, edema and inflammation following Coleus forskohlii pretreatment. Based on present findings, it is concluded that Coleus forskohliil may be a potential preventive and therapeutic agent against the myocardial necrosis associated ischemic heart disease.
RESUMO
Coleus forskohlii is an important plant in Indian Ayurvedic medicine. It is the only source for forskolin among the plant kingdom. Forskolin has a unique property of activating almost all hormone sensitive adenylate cyclase enzymes in a biological system. This review article has highlighted on research developments of C. forskohlii for the production and to enhance the production of forskolin by employing various strategies, and also to protect the most potential herb against the soil borne wilt disease, causing a serious threat towards its propagation and cultivation by using effective integrated disease management technology.
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Coleus forskohlii oral solution is a composite preparation containing several effective constituents of the plant, such as isoforskolin, 1-acetylforskolin etc.Following ig administration of the oral solution equivalent to≤35 g (raw herb)/kg to mice, neither toxic reaction nor death was observed. After the oral solution 30, 15, 10 g/(kg?d)?60 ig to rats, their appearance, body weight, and hematological, biochemical and pathological investigations were basically normal. In anesthetized rabbits intraduodenally administered the oral solution≤10g/kg, the respiration, airway secretion, blood pressure, ECG and EEG did not change significantly.These results indicate that Coleus forskohlii oral solution is a quite safe preparation.
RESUMO
Recently,Coleus forskohlii has been found in Yunnan;isoforskolin and 1-acetylforskolin have been isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the plant.The effects of these constituents on airway smooth muscle,intraocular pressure and platelet aggregation were studied. 1 On isolated guinea pig parenchymal strips,IC_(50)of both isoforskolin and ethyl acetate extract antagonizing histamine(1?g/ml)were 1.0?0.13(vehicle:60% PEG-400,n=9)or 0.9?0.10(DMSO,n=9),and 10.2?1.03(60%PEG-400,n=12)or5.5?1.39(DMSO,n=7) ?g/ml,respectively. 2 with in vivo ethly acetate extract either 50 mg/kg ip or 100 mg/kg ig to guinea pig prior to exposure to nebulized 0.4% histamine,the bronchospasm(convulsion)was effectively prevented(P
RESUMO
An extract isolated from Coleus forskohlii contains 1, 7—diacetyl—forskolin, which is similar to forskolin in chemical structure and biological activity. The relaxant effects of the extract and aminophylline were compared on isolated guinea pig parenchymal strips and tracheal spirals. The contractions induced by submaximal dose histamine (l?g/ ml) were antagonized by both the extract and aminophylline in doseresponse relevance. (IC_(50) :5, 5?1.4?g/ ml and 0.8? 0.4mg/ ml respectively.) The antiasthmatic potency of the extract was 145 time that of aminophylline. comparing with aminophylline, the acute toxicity of the extract was lower.