Research progress on anti-tumor effects by traditional Chinese medicine based on "soothing" or "blockage" regulation of tumor vessels / 中国中药杂志

Regulation of tumor vessels has become one of the most common strategies for clinical anti-tumor therapy. In recent years, studies have found that the anti-tumor effect of limotherapy, which routinely inhibits tumor angiogenesis, is not ideal and may even deteriorate the tumor microenvironment, causing tumor resistance and distal metastasis and increasing the risk of tumor metastasis and recurrence. However, the proper use of anti-angiogenic drugs can promote the normalization of tumor vessels, improve the structure and function of tumor vessels, increase the number of functional vessels in the tumor, and reduce the number of ineffective vessels. It is beneficial to promote the penetration of anti-tumor drugs into the tumor, improve the microenvironment of tumor hypoxia and immunosuppression, and enhance the anti-tumor effect. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has a long history of understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of tumors and has accumulated rich experience in tumor treatment, with significant clinical advantages and broad application prospects. In this study, from the perspective of bidirectional "soothing" or "blockage" regulation of tumor vessels, the commonly used molecular targets were sorted out, and the research status of anti-tumor regulation of tumor vessels by monomer-single herb-compound(herb pair) of TCM in recent years was summarized. The research on the anti-tumor effects of TCM compounds and active ingredients by regulating tumor vessels combined with other therapies was analyzed and sorted out, so as to provide ideas for the clinical application of TCM in regulating functions and anti-tumor effects of tumor vessels.

Effect of combined application of inorganic and organic fertilizers on growth and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza / 中国中药杂志

The study is aimed through field experiments to study the effect of combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers on the growth and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza, provide ideas for reducing fertilization while increasing the efficiency as well as improving the quality of produces. The experiment included 6 treatments viz., no fertilization(CK), full application of chemical fertilizer(F), 25% orga-nic fertilizer with 75% chemical fertilizer(M25), 50% organic fertilizer with 50% chemical fertilizer(M50), 75% organic fertilizer with 25% chemical fertilizer(M75), and fully apply organic fertilizer(M100). The results showed that:(1)from the perspective of yield and economic benefits, M75 was the best and M100 second;(2)for effective components, the combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers increased the content of main water-soluble components and the total content of effective components, among which M25 and M50 were better.

Clinical efficacy of early combined nutrition in neurosurgical intensive patients / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of early combined application of parenteral nutrition and enteral nutrition among patients in neurosurgical intensive care unit(NICU).Methods Two hundred fifty-five patients with severe neurological diseases were admitted to NICU of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital from January 1 to August 31 in 2018.The patients were divided into two groups:traditional enteral nutrition group (control group,n=170),who were treated with enteral nutrition management at the early stage,and early combined application of parenteral and enteral nutrition group (experimental group,n=85),who were at first treated with parenteral nutrition since admission and then enteral nutrition management 72 hours later.The differences of Glasgow outcome scale (GOS),incidence of individual adverse reactions,daily average enteral nutrition,human albumin supplement,daily average fluid supplement,pulmonary infection rate,infection time and albumin level during hospitalization between the two groups were compared.The relationship among the course of enteral nutrition,nutrient content,pulmonary infection and serum albumin level in the experimental group were also discussed.The GOS was predicted by decision tree,random forests,nearest neighbor algorithm,adaboost and bagging.Results There was no significant difference between baseline scores after 1∶2 propensity score matching.The dominance ratio of GOS between the two groups was 1.853 (95％CI:1.018-3.385) (P=0.043).The change of albumin level was not related to the choice of nutritional regimen,but was related to the level of consciousness after admission and the level of basic albumin before admission.The level of consciousness in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group,and the fluid infusion volume was decreased while the daily average enteral nutrition and albumin supplementation were increased,the types of adverse reactions occurred more and earlier (P＜0.05).The misjudgment rate of GOS prediction models ranged from 0.482 to 0.606.Conclusions Compared with traditional early enteral nutrition therapy,early combined parenteral nutrition and enteral nutition can improve the prognosis of patients with severe neurological diseases.

Research progress on anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of triptolide and its combined application / 中国中药杂志

Tumors are major chronic diseases and seriously threaten human health all over the world. How to effectively control and cure tumors is one of the most pivotal problems in the medical field. At present,surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy are still the main treatment methods. However,the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy cannot be underestimated. Therefore,it is of great practical significance to find new anti-cancer drugs with low toxicity,high efficiency and targeting to cancer cells. With the increasing incidence of tumor,the anti-tumor effect of traditional Chinese medicine has increasingly become a research hotspot. Triptolide,which is a natural diterpenoid active ingredient derived from of Tripterygium wilfordii,as one of the highly active components,has anti-inflammatory,immunosuppressive,anti-tumor and other multiple effects. A large number of studies have confirmed that it has good anti-tumor activity against various tumors in vivo and in vitro. It can play an anti-tumor role by inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells,inducing apoptosis of cancer cells,inducing autophagy of cancer cells,blocking the cell cycle,inhibiting the migration,invasion and metastasis of cancer cells,reversing multidrug resistance,mediating tumor immunity and inhibiting angiogenesis. On the basis of literatures,this paper reviews the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of triptolide,and analyzes the current situation of triptolide combined with other chemotherapy drugs,in order to promote deep research and better clinical application about triptolide.

The preliminary study on the combined application model of serum miRNAs in the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To explore the role of serum microRNA (miRNAs) levels in the detection of pneumoconiosis, and to establish a combined application model of multiple serums miRNAs for pneumoconiosis diagnosis.@*Methods@#152 cases were selected in the case group and the control group respectively. The TaqMan Low Density Array method was used to screen out the candidate miRNAs for early screening of pneumoconiosis, and RT-qPCR was used to verify. According to the area under the curve (AUC) , the sensitivity and specificity of the candidate indicators were investigated. The logistic regression model was established by the two-class logistic regression model.@*Results@#The expression of 7 candidate miRNAs in the serum of pneumoconiosis patients was significantly different (P<0.05) . The receiver operating curve (ROC) of the above 7 miRNAs was analyzed, miRNA-21, miRNA-200c, miRNA-16, miRNA-206, miRNA-155, miRNA-29a had statistical significance, and their ROC-AUC is 0.629~0.932. Logistic regression model was: logitP=13.769+0.536×miRNA-21-0.878×miRNA-200C-0.012×miRNA-16-0.111×miRNA-206+0.117×miRNA-155-1.192×miRNA-29a.@*Conclusion@#Multiple serum miRNAs combined application models may be used for the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis patients.

Effects of combined application of N, P and K on yield and active ingredient content of rhizome of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis / 中草药

Objective: To research the effects of different gradient levels of N, P, and K of rhizome of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis yield and quality, determine the optimal fertilization scheme and provide a scientific basis for rational fertilization. Methods: The three-factor five-level quadratic general rotation combination design was adopted for field experiment, correlation measurement and data analysis were carried out, and the effects of combined application of N, P, and K on weight gain rate, total saponin content, ash, moisture and extracts were investigated. Results: The established regression equations reached significant levels. When applying 41.66-52.60 kg/hm2 of N, 181.38-244.38 kg/hm2 of P, 24.16-35.20 kg/hm2 of K, the rhizome weight gain rate of P. polyphylla var. chinensis was greater than 81.72%; When applying 45.48-53.83 kg/hm2 of N, 179.98-236.83 kg/hm2 of P, 29.80-39.95 kg/hm2 of K, the total saponin content in the rhizome of P. polyphylla var. chinensis was greater than 11.09%; When applying 28.01-37.79 kg/hm2 of N, 127.18-209.18 kg/hm2 of P, 25.27-34.09 kg/hm2 of K, the extract content of the rhizome of P. polyphylla var. chinensis was more than 14.31%. Conclusion: The optimum fertilization amount on the rhizome of P. polyphylla var. chinensis was as follow: 37.79-45.48 kg/hm2 of N, 181.38-209.18 kg/hm2 of P, and 29.80-34.09 kg/hm2 of K.

Practice and Exploration of Combined Application Evaluation of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To analyze the rationality of the combined application prescriptions of traditional Chinese and Western medicine; To discuss the problems in the evaluation of the combined application of traditional Chinese and Western Medicine. Methods A total of 12 issue monthly outpatient combination application prescriptions of traditional Chinese and Western medicine were randomly selected in Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Here in after referred to as "this hospital"). According to the relevant laws and regulations, evaluation rules of the combined application traditional Chinese and Western medicine was developed, reviewed and statistically summarized. Results Totally 1900 prescriptions were sampled in the study and accounted for 8.67% in all prescriptions (including prescription of traditional Chinese herbal medicine) and accounted for 20.87% of all prescription of pure Western medicine and pure traditional Chinese patent medicine in the same period, which meet the requirements of sampling rate. Prescriptions of department of orthopedics accounted for the majority. The average number of drugs and the average amount of each prescription of department of orthopedics were lower than the overall average. The sample consisted of 1852 patients, 796 males and 1056 females. Middle-aged patients (36-60 years old) of combined medication were up to 49.46% of the total number of patients. 3990 terms of diagnosis were involved, including 1908 terms of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and 2082 terms of Western medicine diagnosis. Orthopedics disease diagnosis accounted for more than 50%. The main problems of the combined application of traditional Chinese and Western medicine were the non syndrome differeentiationg use of medicine, inappropriate usage and dosage, and the lack of attention to medicine interactions. Conclusion The combined application prescriptions of traditional Chinese and Western medicine of this hospital account for a small proportion. Prescription structure adapts with the size of the department, patient age and disease diagnosis. In the future, the prescription evaluation and intervention of syndrome differeentiationg application and dosage and medicine interaction should be strengthened.

Effects of combined application of N, P, and K on yield and quality of Chuanmingshen violaceum / 中草药

Objective The best combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and application amount of fertilizer were studied to provide technical support and theoretical basis for rational fertilization in the production of Chuanmingshen violaceum. Methods The effects of N, P and K application on yield and main effective components of C. violaceum were studied by L9(34) orthogonal experiment design. Results Reasonable N, P, and K application could significantly increase the yield of C. violaceum, and was beneficial to the accumulation of total polysaccharides and the content of imperatorin. Among them, the yield of 75.22 kg/hm2 under the combination of N2P1K2 was the highest, the increase rate was 60.67%, the total polysaccharide content was 25.46%, and the content of imperatorin was 0.489 mg/g. The yield of 44.82 kg/hm under the combination of N3P2K2 was the lowest, the total polysaccharide content was 2.40%, and the content of imperatorin was 0.379 mg/g. The effects sequence of N, P, and K fertilizers on the yield of C. violaceum were N > P > K. The nitrogen fertilizer had the most obvious effect on the yield of C. violaceum, followed by phosphate fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer had the worst effect. Conclusion Under the conditions of this experiment, the best combination of fertilization was N2P1K2 or N2P3K1. The optimum amount of fertilization of N, P2O5, and K2O were 1.08, 0.73, and 0.83 kg/hm2, respectively; or 1.08, 1.10, and 0.50 kg/hm2, respectively.

Biomonitoring application in the exposome assessment / 中华预防医学杂志

Biomonitoring can be applied to assess internal exposure and environmental exposure by exposure markers with providing internal exposure to biological characterization and individual exposure information, which is a key tool to evaluate the risk exposure to disease by biological alternation information. With the development of high throughput, broad spectrum and high efficiency screening and detection technology, biomonitoring is defined as traditional biological monitoring (targeted monitoring) and non targeted monitoring analysis (exposomic approaches). An exposomic approach differs from traditional biomonitoring in that it can theoretically include all exposures of potential health significance, whether they are derived from exogenous sources. Both traditional and nontraditional biomonitoring methods should be used to understand the complexity of exposures faced throughout the lifespan. Through hybrid approaches, emerging techniques and the integration of bioinformatics, and developing the detection methods for low abundance chemicals, improving the differentiation ability between endogenous and exogenous chemical, the health outcomes and exposures can be widely recognized and characterized, which can finally contribute to improving the precise prevention and intervention for diseases under the new exposomic model.

Progress in the combined application of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and basic fibroblast growth factor in bone tissue engineering / 口腔疾病防治

@#Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) are two important signaling molecules for natural bone repair that are widely applied in the field of bone tissue engineering. BMP-2 accelerates the maturation and mineralization of osteoblasts, and bFGF exhibits significant effects on the promotion of cell division and angiogenesis. The osteogenesis mechanism of BMP-2 differs from that of bFGF, leading to a potentially complementary role between the two proteins. The use of a suitable dose of bFGF in combination with BMP-2 in bone tissue engineering synergistically promotes the formation of new bone and exhibits a better repair effect than either single growth factor. However, the suitable dose range of BMP-2 and bFGF in combination should be further clarified. The mechanism of the synergism and antagonism between BMP-2 and bFGF must be further delineated, and a drug delivery system that better simulates the growth factor release pattern during natural bone repair remains to be designed.

Effects of nitrogen and sulfur combined application on nutritional components and active components of Isatis indigotica at seedling stage / 中国中药杂志

Using split plot design, a pot experiment with sand culture was conducted to investigate the effects ofnitrogen and sulfur combined application on nutritional components and active component of Isatis indigotica at seedling stage under different N (5，15，25 mmol·L⁻¹)and S(0.00，1.25，2.50，5.00，7.50 mmol·L⁻¹) levels. The results showed thatthe two elements had obvious effects and the leaf and root dry weights of I. indigotica seedlings increased greatly at N₂ level. Under the same nitrogen concentration, the leaf and root dry weights increased firstly and decreased with the rising of sulfur concentrations in which S₂ was conducive to the growth and biomass accumulation. Soluble sugar, soluble protein, soluble amino acids contents were the highest in N₁, N₂ and N₃ treatments, respectively. The influence of sulfur concentrations on nutritional components was same as biomass, but the peak of different nutritional components was diversity in different nitrogen levels. The effects on secondary metabolites (total flavones, indigo, indriubin, epigotrin contents) were not obvious significantly, in which these indexes by N₁S₃，N₁S₂，N₃S₀，N₃S₁were the highest, respectively. In conclusion, the combination of nitrogen and sulfur of N₂S₂(N 15 mmol·L⁻¹ and S 2.5 mmol·L⁻¹) was beneficial to the growth and secondary metabolites accumulation of I. indigotica. These results could provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization and cultivation of I. indigotica seedling.

Advances on Chinese materia medica-chemical drug interactions mediated by P-glycoprotein / 中草药

Chinese materia medica (CMM) in combination with chemical drug is an effective treatment for diseases. CMM sustain moderate effect, including multiple components, multiple targets, multiple pathways and integrated regulation characteristics; While the effect of chemical drug is rapid and shows definite target and single way, the combination of the two can be complementary advantages, synergistic effects and reduce toxicity. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a kind of energy dependent transmembrane transport protein; Its mediated efflux effect is one of important targets for drug delivery. The induction or inhibition of P-gp plays a significant factor in the interaction generated when CMM and chemical drug combined application. In this paper, interaction of CMM combined with chemical drug in P-gp level was briefly reviewed, in order to reveal the role of P-gp in joint use Chinese and Western medicine, and to provide reference for the rational use of drugs to integration of Chinese and Western medicine in clinic.

Effect of intravenous iron sucrose combined with psychological intervention on gynecological anemia / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy of intravenous iron sucrose combined with psychological intervention in the treatment of gynecological anemia. Methods A total of 76 patients with gynecological anemia admitted in our hospital from September 2000 to March 2017 were randomly divided into study group and control group, 38 cases in each group.The control group and gynecological anemia patients were treated with intravenous sucrose iron, the study group was treated with intravenous iron sucrose, and the corresponding psychological intervention measures were used. Results There was no significant difference in HGB and SF between the two groups before treatment., the study group after treatment HGB, SF detection value is higher than that of control group (P<0.05); study group increased to HGB for normal values of time required significantly less than the control group (P<0.05); two gynecological patients with anemia treatment in the process of research the rate of adverse reactions was 13.16%, the control group is as high as 28.95% (P<0.05). Conclusion Intravenous iron sucrose based treatment combined with psychological intervention can significantly improve the index of gynecological patients with anemia effect, reduce adverse drug reactions, to ensure the effectiveness and safety of patients are of positive significance.

ADR Caused by Combined Application of Chinese Patent Medicine and Western Medicine / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To study the situation of the combined application of Chinese patent medicine with western medicine, and to promote rational and safe drug use. METHODS: The combined application of some commonly used Chinese patent medicines with the western medicines was analyzed by tabulation. RESULTS: Hospitals, retail pharmacies and patients lacked understanding of the situation of the adverse reactions caused by the joint application of the Chinese patient medicines with the western medicine. It is common for the two used in combination. CONCLUSION: Physicians, nurses, pharmacists and patients should familiarize with the effective components contained in the Chinese medicine and the western medicine and be cautious in the joint application of Chinese medicine with the western medicine.

The effect of combined application of argon and Nd-YAG lasers on iridectomy in rabbits

Recently iridectomy using an argon or Nd-YAG laser to treat narrow angle glaucoma has become popular, and is now the procedure of choice over the standard surgical technique. However, the shock wave of the Nd-YAG laser causes hemorrhage in almost all cases and the high energy level of the Nd-YAG laser, which is required for iridectomy, causes injury to the lens and cornea. Furthermore, there is a tendency toward closure of the iridectomy site after argon laser application. We performed iridectomies by a combined application of argon and Nd-YAG lasers in pigmented rabbits to improve iris bleeding, iridectomy patency, and lens and corneal damage. The iridectomy patency and the lens and corneal damage were examined with a scanning electron microscope. The rabbits that underwent laser iridectomies with only the Nd-YAG laser were used as a control group. Based on the results, it can be concluded that laser iridectomy by a combined application of argon and Nd-YAG lasers results in a lower rate of bleeding, a higher rate of patency, and less damage to the lens and cornea as compared with iridectomy performed by Nd-YAG laser only.