O (des)cuidado em saúde às pessoas LGBTQIAP+ dispensado por profissionais em unidades básicas de saúde / The (lack of)health care provided to LGBTQIAP+ people by professionals in primary care centers / El (des)cuidado en salud a las personas LGBTQIAP+ dispensado por profesionales en unidades básicas de salud

Objetivo: compreender o cuidado em saúde dispensado às pessoas LGBTQIAP+ por profissionais em Unidades Básicas de Saúde, a partir do referencial teórico da Política Nacional de Saúde LGBT (PNSILGBT) estabelecida pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Método: estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, que entrevistou 12 profissionais de saúde da Atenção Básica. Os dados coletados passaram pela Análise Lexical utilizando-se do software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: emergiram três categorias temáticas que possibilitaram compreender que os profissionais reconhecem as violências praticadas na assistência a essa população, as barreiras no acesso e as dificuldades enfrentadas por pessoas LGBTQIAP+. Considerações finais: o desconhecimento das políticas e a não percepção das consequências dessas ações para a saúde dessa população remete muito mais ao (des)cuidado do que efetivamente ao cuidado condizente as suas reais necessidades em saúde.

Objective: to understand the health care provided to LGBTQIAP+ people by professionals in Primary Care Centers, based on the theoretical framework of the National LGBT Health Policy (PNSILGBT) established by the Unified Health System (SUS). Method: a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, which interviewed 12 primary care health professionals. The data collected was subjected to Lexical Analysis using the IRAMUTEQ software. Results: Three thematic categories emerged which made it possible to understand that professionals recognize the violence practiced in assisting this population, the barriers to access and the difficulties faced by LGBTQIAP+ people. Final considerations: the lack of knowledge of the policies and the lack of perception of the consequences of these actions for the health of this population leads much more to (lack of)care than to care in line with their real health needs.

Objetivo: comprender el cuidado en salud brindado a las personas LGBTQIAP+ por profesionales en Unidades Básicas de Salud, partiendo del marco teórico de la Política Nacional de Salud LGBT (PNSILGBT) establecida por el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Método: estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo, que entrevistó a 12 profesionales de salud de la Atención Básica. Los datos recogidos fueron analizados mediante Análisis Léxico utilizando el software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: surgieron tres categorías temáticas que permitieron comprender que los profesionales reconocen las violencias ejercidas en la asistencia a esta población, las barreras en el acceso y las dificultades enfrentadas por personas LGBTQIAP+. Consideraciones finales: el desconocimiento de las políticas y la no percepción de las consecuencias de estas acciones para la salud de esta población reflejan mucho más el (des)cuido que efectivamente el cuidado acorde a sus reales necesidades en salud.

Acesso e cuidado a saúde de mulheres privadas de liberdade na penitenciária cearense / Access to health care among female prisoners in a penitentiary in Ceará, Brazil

Resumo O estudo analisa o acesso ao cuidado em saúde de mulheres encarceradas no estado do Ceará, rastreando transtornos mentais comuns. Estudo analítico, transversal, de natureza quantitativa, desenvolvido na única penitenciária feminina do Ceará. Participaram 90 detentas, todas com alguma das seguintes questões de saúde: gestantes, puérperas, portadoras de hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus, tuberculose, sífilis, hepatite B ou HIV/Aids. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista estruturada. Evidenciou-se acesso limitado à atenção à saúde das detentas, violando direitos básicos sob tutela do Estado. Foram constatadas limitações de exames de rastreamento de doenças nas presidiárias na ocasião de seu acesso ao cárcere, principalmente as que não se encontravam grávidas no momento do encarceramento. Houve diferenças entre as distintas condições de saúde analisadas, com prioridade da atenção às gestantes e puérperas. Entre as detentas, 68,24% apresentavam risco de transtornos mentais comuns (SRQ > 7). Houve correlação positiva entre idade e saúde mental (p = 0,0002). Embora exista legislação pertinente de garantia de acesso à saúde no cárcere, o sistema prisional está despreparado para atender às necessidades de portadoras de comorbidades, gestantes e puérperas.

Abstract This study investigated access to health care among female prisoners in the state of Ceará, Brazil, and screened for common mental disorders. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study in the only female prison in the state. Ninety detainees participated in the study. All participants were either pregnant or postpartum women or had one or more of the following health problems: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, syphilis, hepatitis B, HIV/AIDS. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The findings reveal that access to health care was limited, violating the fundamental rights of the prisoners. Screening for diseases on admission to prison was limited, especially among non-pregnant women. Differences in health care were found between health conditions, with priority being given to pregnant and postpartum women. Most of the inmates (68.24%) were found to be at risk for common mental disorders (SRQ score > 7). A positive correlation was found between age and mental health problems (p = 0.0002). Despite legislation guaranteeing access to health care in prisons, the prison system is unprepared to meet the health needs of female prisoners with comorbidities and pregnant and puerperal women.

Comunicação de más notícias em cuidados paliativos: estudo bibliométrico / Communication of bad news in palliative care: bibliometric study / Comunicación de malas noticias en cuidados paliativos: estudio bibliométrico

Os cuidados paliativos compreendem a melhora da qualidade de vida e o alívio dos sintomas de pacientes que enfrentam doenças que ameaçam a continuidade da vida e de seus familiares. Para tal, é necessário habilidade comunicativa, a fim de uma boa condução ao transmitir uma má notícia. Buscou-se compreender como se configura a produção científica nacional e internacional que aborda a comunicação de más notícias em cuidados paliativos. A pesquisa de revisão, de análise bibliométrica, analisou 25 artigos dos últimos cinco anos (entre 2016 e 2020) disponíveis na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS/Bireme). Os resultados revelaram publicações de 134 autores em 16 periódicos de diferentes países. Parte dos estudos foi realizadacom profissionais de saúde em hospitais e apresentam abordagem quantitativa. A comunicação de más notícias ainda se mostra um desafio para profissionais, pacientes e familiares.

The palliative care comprises improving the quality of life and relieving the symptoms of patients facing illnesses that threaten the continuity of life and their families. For this, communicative ability is necessary, in order to conduct well when transmitting bad news. We sought to understand how the national and international scientific production on communication of bad news in palliative care is configured. The literature review research, based on bibliometrics, analysed 25 articles from the last five years (between 2016 and 2020) available in the Virtual Health Library (BVS/Bireme). The results revealed publications by 134 authors in 16 journals from different countries. Some of the studies were carried out with health professionals in hospitals and have a quantitative approach. Communicating bad news is still a challenge for professionals, patients and their families.

Los cuidados paliativos comprenden mejorar la calidad de vida y aliviar los síntomas de los pacientes que enfrentan enfermedades que amenazan la continuidad de vida y sus familias. Para ello es necesaria la habilidad comunicativa, a fin de poder transmitir adecuadamente las malas noticias. Buscamos comprender cómo se configura la producción científica nacional e internacional que aborda la comunicación de malas noticias en cuidados paliativos. La investigación de revisión de literatura, basada en el análisis bibliométrico, analizó 25 artículos de los últimos cinco años (entre 2016 y 2020) disponibles en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS/Bireme). Los resultados revelaron publicaciones de 134 autores en 16 revistas de diferentes países. Parte de los estudios se realizaron con profesionales de la salud en hospitales y tienen un enfoque cuantitativo. La comunicación de malas noticias sigue siendo un desafío para profesionales, pacientes y sus familiares.

Cuidado com a saúde sexual e reprodutiva: um olhar a partir da percepção de mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres / Sexual and Reproductive Health Care: a look from the perspective of women who have sex with women / El cuidado de la salud sexual y reproductiva: una mirada desde la perspectiva de las mujeres que tienen sexo con mujeres

Objetivo: o presente estudo se destina a compreender a percepção das mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres, referente ao cuidado que recebem nos serviços de saúde, no âmbito de sua saúde sexual e reprodutiva, a fim de verificar se o atendimento ofertado atende a integralidade de seu direito à saúde e, também, evidenciar o papel dos profissionais de saúde na garantia desses direitos. Metodologia: foi realizada revisão de literatura nacional para elaboração do instrumento de coleta de dados e pesquisa qualiquantitativa através de formulário e entrevista individual via internet. Resultados: Foram obtidas 287 respostas, as falas revelaram as seguintes categorias: A- Violência física sofrida em serviços de saúde, B- Negligência e falta de acolhimento em consultas ginecológicas e em serviços de saúde, C- Presunção da heterossexualidade nos serviços de saúde, D- Invisibilidade e violência moral e psicológica. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres ainda sofrem uma série de discriminações e violências nos serviços de saúde, ao buscarem cuidados integrais, principalmente no que tange aos seus direitos sexuais e reprodutivos.

Objective: this study is intended to understand the perception of women who have sex with women, regarding the care they receive in health services, within the scope of their sexual and reproductive health, in order to verify whether the care offered to them meets the integrality of their right to health and, also, highlight the role of health professionals in guaranteeing these rights. Methodology: A national literature review was carried out for the elaboration of the data collection instrument and qualitative and quantitative research through an individual form and individual interview via the internet. Results: 287 responses were obtained, the statements revealed the following categories: A- Physical violence suffered in health services, B- Negligence and lack of acceptance in gynecological consultations and health services, C- Presumption of heterosexuality in health services, D- Invisibility and, moral and psychological violence. Conclusion: it was evident that women who have sex with women still suffer a series of discrimination and violence in health services, when seeking comprehensive care, especially with regard to their sexual and reproductive rights.

Objetivo: este estudio tiene como finalidad conocer la percepción de las mujeres que tienen sexo con mujeres, respecto a la atención que reciben en los servicios de salud, en el ámbito de su salud sexual y reproductiva, con el fin de verificar si la atención que se les brinda cumple con la integralidad de su derecho a la salud y, además, destacar el papel de los profesionales de la salud en la garantía de estos derechos. Metodología: se realizó una revisión de literatura nacional para la elaboración del instrumento de recolección de datos e investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa a través de formulario individual y entrevista individual vía internet. Resultados: se obtuvieron 287 respuestas, los enunciados revelaron las siguientes categorías: A- Violencia física sufrida en los servicios de salud, B- Negligencia y falta de aceptación en las consultas ginecológicas y servicios de salud, C- Presunción de heterosexualidad en los servicios de salud, D- Invisibilidad y violencia moral y psicológica. Conclusión: se evidenció que las mujeres que tienen sexo con mujeres aún sufren una serie de discriminaciones y violencias en los servicios de salud, al momento de buscar atención integral, especialmente en lo que se refiere a sus derechos sexuales y reproductivos.

Cuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde às mulheres em situação de violência: estudo bibliométrico na Web of Science / Care in Primary Health Care for women in situation of violence: bibliometric study in the Web of Science / Cuidado en la Atención Primaria de Salud a mujeres em situación de violencia: estudio bibliométrico en la Web of Science

O estudo apresentado neste artigo objetivou descrever a produção científica entre 2012 e 2022 sobre o cuidado médico na Atenção Primária à Saúde a mulheres em situação de violência. Trata-se de um estudo bibliométrico e descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, a partir de publicações indexadas na base de dados Web of Science mediante o uso dos descritores "Violence Against Women", "Medical Care", "Primary Health Care". Diante do que foi analisado, é perceptível uma falta de priorização de estratégias de cuidados pelos serviços de saúde, apesar de uma produção científica consideravelmente importante, bem como uma falta de atuação de alguns nichos dos profissionais de saúde. O desenho metodológico permitiu um mapeamento do perfil dos estudos voltados para a temática, assim como a necessidade de estudos sobre intervenções multidisciplinares, em especial o cuidado médico, na Atenção Primária à Saúde, a mulheres em situação de violência.

The study presented in this article aimed to describe the scientific production between 2012 and 2022 on medical care in Primary Health Care for women in situations of violence. This is a bibliometric and descriptive study of quantitative approach, from publications indexed in the Web of Science database through the use of the follow descriptors: "Violence Against Women", "Medical Care", "Primary Health Care". In the light of what has been analyzed, it is visible a lack of prioritisation of care strategies by the health services, despite a considerably important scientific production, as well as a lack of action by certain niches of health professionals. The methodological design made it possible to map out the profile of studies on the subject, as well as the need for studies on multidisciplinary interventions, especially the medical care by health services in Primary Health Care for women in situations of violence.

El estudio presentado en este artículo tuvo como objetivo describir la producción científica entre 2012 y 2022 sobre el cuidado médico en la Atención Primaria de Salud a mujeres en situación de violencia. Se trata de un estudio bibliométrico y descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo, basado en publicaciones indexadas en la base de datos Web of Science utilizando el descriptores "Violence Against Women", "Medical Care", "Primary Health Care". Frente a lo analizado, es notoria una falta de priorización de las estrategias de atención por parte de los servicios de salud, a pesar de una producción científica considerable y importante, así como de una falta de actuación de determinados nichos de profesionales de la salud. El diseño metodológico permitió mapear el perfil de los estudios acerca del tema, así como la necesidad de estudios sobre intervenciones multidisciplinarias, especialmente el cuidado médico en los servicios de salud de la Atención Primaria de Salud a mujeres en situación de violencia.

Percepción de los adolescentes y jóvenes sobre la atención en servicios de salud de El Salvador / Adolescents and Young People's Perception of Care in Health Services in El Salvador

Introducción. Los Servicios de Salud Amigables son espacios de atención integral y diferencial para personas adolescentes y jóvenes, que parten de sus necesidades biológicas, sociales y afectivas. Objetivo. Evaluar las percepciones de las juventudes sobre la calidad de atención que recibieron y su experiencia en las Unidades de Salud. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio mixto que recogió las percepciones de los participantes en dos etapas sucesivas. Primero, con un cuestionario se evaluó la calidad de atención y experiencia de los usuarios; luego, mediante entrevistas grupales e individuales se estimó el nivel de satisfacción. Resultados. El 68,2 % de los jóvenes y adolescentes desconocen los programas exclusivos para ellos. El servicio más utilizado es el de medicina general (76,6 %). En cuanto a la atención recibida, el respeto, la confianza y la privacidad brindada por los profesionales de salud fue calificada como excelente o muy buena (76 %). El 39,7 % reportó que el tiempo de espera fue de 30 a 60 minutos; el 17,6 % refirió esperar más de dos horas. Conclusión. Aunque la percepción de las unidades de salud por parte de los adolescentes y jóvenes en general es buena, los Servicios de Salud Amigables cuentan con barreras que interfieren en el acceso, oportunidad y aceptabilidad

Introduction. Friendly Health Services are spaces of comprehensive and differential care for adolescents and young people, which start from their biological, social and emotional. Objective. Evaluate the perceptions of youth about the quality of care they received and their experience in the Community Family Health Units. Methodology. A mixed study was carried out that collected the perceptions of the participants in two successive stages. First with a questionnaire that evaluated the quality of care and experience of users, then through group and individual interviews that estimated the level of satisfaction. Results. Youth consult health establishments, although 68.2 % are unaware of the exclusive programs for them (Friendly Health Services). The most used service was general medicine (76.6 %). Regarding the care received, the respect, trust and privacy provided by health professionals was rated as excellent or very good (76 %). 39.7 % reported that the waiting time was 30 to 60 minutes, 17.6 % reported waiting more than two hours. Conclusion. Currently, there is a need to improve access to services for adolescents and young people by socializing the offer to encourage their use, increase attention in preventive areas and implement their evaluation with methods different from current ones

Acolhimento da mulher migrante venezuelana na atenção básica: um ensaio teórico-reflexivo / Embracement of venezuelan migrant women in primary care: a theoretical-reflective essay / Acogida a la mujer migrante venezolana en la atención primaria: un ensayo teórico-reflexivo

Este ensaio emerge a partir de uma aposta científica que se propõe a produzir reflexões teorizadas sobre as práticas assistenciais de acolhimento produzidas pelos profissionais da saúde com mulheres migrantes venezuelanas na Atenção Básica. É um ensaio teórico-reflexivo. Salienta-se que, neste tipo de estudo, a produção de reflexões corre pela compreensão de um dado objeto sem que nele haja um sistema de compreensão rígido. As reflexões foram agrupadas em um núcleo teórico-reflexivo, intitulado: fundamentos para pensar o acolhimento à mulher migrante venezuelana na Atenção Básica. Nele, são encontrados conceitos e reflexões a respeito da Atenção Básica, migração, processos migratórios envolvendo mulheres venezuelanas e estratégias de acolhimento às suas necessidades em Unidades Básicas de Saúde. As (in)conclusões reflexivas para intensificar investigações perpassam por leituras do cotidiano no trabalho em saúde. Nesse sentido, é fundamental observar três rotas conceituais e reflexivas que fundamentalmente são necessárias para cuidar das migrantes venezuelanas de forma acolhedora na Atenção Básica ­ a saber: escuta qualificada, vínculo e clínica ampliada do sujeito ­ como forma de promover uma assistência alinhada aos princípios e diretrizes da política nacional de humanização.

This essay emerges from a scientific proposal to reflect on embracement care practices aimed at Venezuelan immigrant women in primary care. As a theoretical-reflective essay, the reflections produced on a given object disregard any rigid understanding system. Concepts and reflections on primary care, migration, migratory processes involving Venezuelan women, and embracement strategies were grouped into a theoretical-reflective nucleus entitled "foundations for discussing the embracement of Venezuelan immigrant women in primary care." Reflective (in)conclusions used to intensify investigations involve readings of everyday healthcare work. In this regard, three conceptual and reflective routes are essential to embrace Venezuelan immigrant women in in primary care­qualified listening, bond, and expanded clinical approach­to promote care aligned with the principles and guidelines of the national humanization policy.

Este ensayo propone producir reflexiones teorizadas sobre las prácticas asistenciales de acogida de los profesionales de la salud a las mujeres migrantes venezolanas en la atención primaria. Se trata de un ensayo teórico-reflexivo. En este tipo de estudio se destaca que la producción de reflexiones parte de la comprensión de un objeto dado sin que haya un sistema de comprensión rígido. Las reflexiones se agruparon en un núcleo teórico-reflexivo, titulado fundamentos para pensar en la acogida a la mujer migrante venezolana en la atención primaria. Se encuentran conceptos y reflexiones en torno a la atención primaria, migración, procesos migratorios que involucran a mujeres venezolanas y estrategias para acoger sus necesidades en unidades básicas de salud. Las (in)conclusiones reflexivas para intensificar las investigaciones pasan por lecturas de lo cotidiano en el trabajo en salud. En este sentido, es fundamental observar tres rutas conceptuales y reflexivas que fundamentalmente son necesarias para cuidar a la mujer migrante venezolana de forma acogedora en la atención primaria: escucha calificada, vínculo y clínica ampliada del sujeto; como forma de promover una asistencia alineada con los principios y directrices de la política nacional de humanización.

Interpretation of the Guideline for Multi-dimensional and Multi-criteria Comprehensive Evaluation of Chinese Patent Medicine：weighting of evaluation indicators / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide a detailed report and interpretation of the method and results for determining the weights of the technical indicators from the “multi-dimensional and multi-criteria comprehensive evaluation index system （first edition）” stated in Guideline for Multi-dimensional and Multi-criteria Comprehensive Evaluation of Chinese Patent Medicine. METHODS Normalization calculations were performed on the comprehensive weight values calculated by the analytic hierarchy process and expert weighting method to obtain the objective weights of the indicators. RESULTS The weight results of the six primary dimensions in the current comprehensive evaluation indicator system of Chinese patent medicine showed effectiveness dimension＞ safety dimension＞standard dimension＞application dimension＞scientific dimension＞economic dimension， with weight values of 0.281 0， 0.268 5， 0.195 8， 0.107 3， 0.096 1 and 0.051 3 respectively， consistent with the results of most researches currently. CONCLUSIONS The process of weight determination in this indicator system is scientifically reasonable， with clear methods and clear interpretations， and is worthy of further optimization and widespread application.

Effect of early postoperative comprehensive rehabilitation on children and youth with supracondylar fracture of humerus complicated with ulnar nerve injury / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo observe the therapeutic effect of early postoperative comprehensive rehabilitation on elbow joint dysfunction and ulnar nerve injury in children and adolecents with supracondylar fracture of humerus complicated with ulnar nerve injury. MethodsA total of 49 children with supracondylar fracture of humerus complicated with ulnar nerve injury after operation were selected from January, 2016 to December, 2021 in Wangjing Hospital, which were randomly divided into control group (n = 24) and treatment group (n = 25). The control group accepted wax therapy and acupuncture, and the treatment group accepted medicine fumigation, joint mobilization and electromyographic biofeedback, for twelve weeks. They were assessed with The Hospital for Special Surgery Elbow score (HSS) and Medical Research Neurotrauma Society Report (MCRR) before and after treatment. ResultsAfter treatent, the HSS scores increased in both groups (|t| > 8.345, P < 0.001). The HSS score was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (t = 4.536, P < 0.001). The d-value of HSS scores before and after treatment was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (t = 3.717, P < 0.05). The rate of excellent recovery of ulnar nerve function was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (χ2 = 5.975, P < 0.05). ConclusionEarly postoperative comprehensive rehabilitation could romote the recovery of elbow function and ulnar nerve injury in children and youth with supracondylar fracture of humerus complicated with ulnar nerve injury.

Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation of Duliang Soft Capsules in Treatment of Migraine with Wind-cold Blood Stasis Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo comprehensively assess the clinical value of Duliang soft capsules in the treatment of migraine with wind-cold blood stasis syndrome， and to provide guidance for national medical decision-making， clinical drug promotion， and pharmaceutical services. MethodThe evaluation of Duliang soft capsules' clinical value was conducted in accordance with the Guidelines for the Management of Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation of Drugs （Trial Version， 2021） using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Utilizing the CSC v2.0 software， this study conducted a comprehensive clinical evaluation of Duliang soft capsules across the "6+1" dimensions， including safety pre- and post-market launch， effectiveness in treating migraine， economy （cost-effectiveness）， and innovation， suitability， accessibility， and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） characteristics in both its technology and clinical applications. ResultSafety： Duliang soft capsules were found to have good safety based on evidence from known adverse reactions （spontaneous reporting system （SRS） data， literature data， etc.）， pre-marketing toxicological research， and post-marketing drug monitoring. Effectiveness： A meta-analysis indicated that the combination of Duliang soft capsules and western medicine was more effective than Western medicine alone in the treatment of migraine. The product's effectiveness was rated as "Best" based on the quality and value of the evidence. Economy： Duliang soft capsules are moderately priced and categorized as a Type B medical insurance product. Economic research indicated that the combination of Western medicine and Duliang soft capsules was more cost-effective than Western medicine alone. The product's economy was rated as "Better". Innovation： Duliang soft capsules， with Angelicae Dahuricae Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma as the main components， hold one invention patent and have been awarded the China Patent Excellence Award. The pharmaceutical company has introduced innovative extraction （CO2 supercritical extraction technology） and formulation （soft capsule） processes. The product's innovation was rated as "Better". Suitability： A questionnaire survey on Duliang soft capsules showed that it was well-suited for both patients and healthcare professionals. The product received a comprehensive assessment of suitability through the "Evaluation of Chinese Patent Medicine Information Services". The product's suitability was rated as "Best". Accessibility： Duliang soft capsules are moderately priced， making them accessible and affordable. The product's accessibility was rated as "Good" based on evidence from these three aspects. TCM characteristics： The formulation of Duliang soft capsules can be traced back to WANG Qiu's Selected Formulas from the Praiseworthy Studio （Shi Zhai Bai Yi Xuan Fang） from the Song Dynasty， and it was documented in ZHANG Jiebin's The Complete Works of Zhang Jing-yue （Jing Yue Quan Shu） as "Duliangwan". The product has been extensively studied with over 2000 clinical cases since its market launch， and its TCM characteristics were rated as outstanding with sufficient evidence. ConclusionThe comprehensive clinical value evaluation of Duliang soft capsules demonstrated its high effectiveness， suitability， and accessibility， and outstanding TCM characteristics. The product's safety， economy， and innovation received good ratings. In summary， Duliang soft capsules exhibited significant clinical value and outstanding TCM characteristics， the evidence was sufficient， and the result was confirmed， providing crucial references for clinical decision-making and pharmaceutical management.

Take A Calm View on Heat Wave of Organ Preservation in Esophageal Cancer Treatment / 肿瘤防治研究

The esophagus plays an extremely important physiological function in human body, and esophageal cancer is a highly lethal disease among all the malignancies. Esophagectomy is still the main treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer. Ensuring the efficacy of oncology plays a crucial role in exploring organ preservation in the treatment of esophageal cancer. We should always be aware of the inherent difficulties and potential harms of organ preservation for esophageal cancer treatment and seek a personalized and reasonable balance between ensuring cure and preserving organs, provide the best treatment design for esophageal cancer patients, to achieve maximum therapeutic effect without sacrificing the life quality of patients.

Comprehensive evaluation of the quality of Houttuynia cordata from different producing areas / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the comprehensive quality of Houttuynia cordata from different producing areas. METHODS Using total flavonoids， water-soluble extract， moisture， total ash and acid-insoluble ash as indicators， the entropy weight method was used to objectively weigh each indicator， and the relative correlation degree （r）i calculated by grey correlation method was used as a measure to comprehensively evaluate the quality of H. cordata. RESULTS The weights of total flavonoids， total ash， moisture， acid-insoluble ash， and water-soluble extract were 0.295 5， 0.227 3， 0.188 7， 0.145 1， and 0.143 4， respectively. The weights of total flavonoids and total ash were relatively large. The ri of 30 batches of H. cordata ranged from 0.233 2 to 0.673 9； the average ri of samples from Quanzhou County and Ziyuan County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were the highest， which were 0.638 3 and 0.598 7， respectively， followed by samples from Lingchuan County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region （0.556 1） and Jianshui County of Yunnan Province （0.452 8）. The quality of medicinal materials produced in the above producing areas was generally good and stable. CONCLUSIONS Entropy weight method combined with the grey correlation method can be used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of H. cordata. The overall quality of H. cordata produced in Quanzhou County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is the best.

Construction and Interpretation of Clinical Comprehensive Evaluation Index System for Chinese Patent Medicine Based on EVIDEM Framework / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo establish the clinical comprehensive evaluation index system for Chinese patent medicine（CPM） based on Evidence and Value：Impact on DEcisionMaking（EVIDEM） framework， so as to promote the scientific， systematic and standardized implementation of clinical comprehensive evaluation of CPM. MethodThe clinical comprehensive evaluation index system was determined through literature review， semi-structured interview and Delphi method， and the weights of each index were clarified by analytic hierarchy process（AHP）. ResultThe recovery rates of both rounds of expert consultation were 100%， and the authority coefficient of experts was 0.90 and 0.905， respectively. Kendall's coordination coefficients（W） of the second- and third-level indicators in the first-round consultation were 0.320 and 0.283（P<0.001）， and in the second round were 0.411 and 0.351， respectively（P<0.001）. The finally constructed clinical comprehensive evaluation index system for CPM included 6 first-level indicators， 13 second-level indicators and 28 third-level indicators. Among the first-level indicators， the weights of effectiveness， safety， economy， innovation， suitability and accessibility were 37.34%， 32.68%， 11.85%， 5.87%， 5.79% and 6.47%， respectively. ConclusionThis study has constructed a universal clinical comprehensive evaluation index system for CPM， and the domain and criteria are introduced and interpreted in detail， which can provide reference and information for carrying out the clinical comprehensive evaluation of CPM， but it needs to be refined and improved in combination with the clinical practice of CPM for specialized diseases.

Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation of Yiqing Capsules in Treating Heat-toxin Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo systematically review the studies about Yiqing Capsules in the treatment of pharyngitis， tonsillitis， gingivitis， and oral ulcers with heat-toxin syndrome and clarify the advantages and therapeutic characteristics of Yiqing capsules， thus providing reference for the decision-making by relevant departments and clues for the clinical and basic research. MethodThe multi-criteria decision analysis （MCDA） model and CSC v2.0 were employed to comprehensively evaluate Yiqing capsules from multiple aspects. ResultThe serious adverse reactions in the spontaneous reporting system （SRS） monitoring data of Yiqing capsules included pruritus， rash， an ddiarrhea， all of which were relieved or cured， without aggravation or interhospital transfer for treatment. Literature data showed that the main clinical adverse reactions were abdominal pain， diarrhea， etc. Both acute toxicity and long-term toxicity tests showed good safety， and thus the safety of Yiqing capsules was rated as grade B. The results of Meta-analysis showed that Yiqing capsules used alone or in combination with other medicines outperformed Niuhuang Jiedu capsules or Western medicine in the treatment of pharyngitis， tonsillitis， gingivitis， and oral ulcers with heat toxin in terms of symptom alleviation， disappearance rate of main symptoms， and recurrence rate of aphtha. Pharmacological and pharmacodynamic studies showed that Yiqing capsules had antimicrobial， antiviral， and anti-inflammatory effects， with the effectiveness rated as grade B. The decision tree model was adopted to analyze the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. With the threshold of 1 fold per capita GDP and the disappearing rate of pain in gingivitis as the indicator， Yiqing capsules had an economic advantage in the treatment of gingivitis due to heat-toxin compared with Niuhuang Jiedu capsules， and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 0.39 yuan/%， which indicated acceptable cost， with the economy rated as grade B. Yiqing capsules can not only clear heat from Qi aspect but also purge blood fire， serving as the representative prescription of clearing and purging for heat-toxin syndrome. Considering the industrial service system and enterprise innovation， the comprehensive innovation of Yiqing capsules was rated as grade B. Generally， this product does not require personalized treatment plans and features convenient supply， storage， transportation， policy publicity， drug information standards， and easy operation for medical care and patients. The Chinese patent medicine information was complete and in line with national standards， and thus the suitability of Yiqing capsules was rated as grade A. With a low price and good availability and affordability， the accessibility of Yiqing capsules was rated as grade A. The Yiqing capsules prescription， Sanhuang Xiexin decoction， originated from ancient medical books， with rich real-world studies， and thus the traditional Chinese medicine characteristics of Yiqing capsules was rated as grade C. ConclusionThe clinical value of Yiqing capsules was rated as grade B from the "6+1" dimensions， suggesting that it could be conditionally converted into the relevant policy results of basic clinical drug management according to the procedure.

Application evaluation of cardiopulmonary exercise test to guide comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with pneumoconiosis / 环境与职业医学

Background At present, the practice of pulmonary rehabilitation for pneumoconiosis in China is in a primary stage. The basis for formulating an individualized comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation plan is still insufficient, which is one of the factors limiting the development of community-level rehabilitation work. Objective To formulate an exercise prescription based on maximum heart rate measured by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), conduct an individualized comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program with the exercise prescription for patients with stable pneumoconiosis, and evaluate its role in improving exercise endurance and quality of life, thus provide a basis for the application and promotion of pulmonary rehabilitation. Methods A total of 68 patients were recruited from the Occupational Disease Prevention Hospital of Jinneng Holding Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd. from April to August 2022 , and were divided into an intervention group and a control group by random number table method, with 34 cases in each group. All the pneumoconiosis patients participated in a baseline test. The control group was given routine drug treatment, while the intervention group received multidisciplinary comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation treatment on the basis of routine drug treatment, including health education, breathing training, exercise training, nutrition guidance, psychological intervention, and sleep management, whose exercise intensity was determined according to the maximum heart rate provided by CPET. The rehabilitation training lasted for 24 weeks. Patients were evaluated at registration and the end of study respectively. CPET was used to measure peak oxygen uptake per kilogram (pVO2/kg), anaerobic threshold (AT), carbon dioxide equivalent of ventilation (EqCO2), maximum metabolic equivalent (METs), and maximum work (Wmax). The modified British Medical Research Council Dyspnea Questionnaire (mMRC), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test (CAT), and Short Form of Health Survey (SF-36) were used to evaluate the potential effect of the comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program. Results Among the included 68 patients, 63 patients were having complete data, then 31 cases were assigned in the control group and 32 cases in the interventional group. Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in pVO2/kg, AT, EqCO2, METs, or Wmax between the two groups (P>0.05). At the end of the trail, the indicators like pVO2/kg [(19.81±2.38) mL·(min·kg)−1], AT [(14.48±2.33) mL·(min·kg)−1], METs (5.64±0.69), and Wmax [(85.25±14) W] of patients in the intervention group were all higher than those [(13.90±2.37) mL·(min·kg)−1, (11.70±1.94) mL·(min kg)−1, (3.97±0.70), and (61.77±14.72) W, respectively] in the control group (P<0.001); there was no significant difference in EqCO2 between the two groups (P=0.083). Before the trial, there was no significant difference in mMRC, SAS, SDS, PSQI, or CAT scores between the two groups (P>0.05). At the end of the trail, the mMRC score (1.16±0.57), SAS score (27.93±2.12), SDS score (26.48±1.44), PSQI score (1.08±0.88), and CAT score (4.34±3.28) of patients in the intervention group were lower than those [(2.03±0.83), (35.87±6.91), (34.23±6.65), (5.37±3.03), and (13.87±7.53), respectively] in the control group (P<0.001). The SF-36 scores of bodily pain (94.13±10.72), general health (87.50±5.68), vitality (95.31±5.53), mental health (99.88±0.71), and health changes (74.22±4.42) in the intervention group were higher than those [(71.87±32.72), (65.81±15.55), (74.52±16.45), (86.97±16.56), and (29.84±13.50), respectively] in the control group (P<0.001), and no significant difference was found in social functioning and role emotional scores (P>0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation can increase the oxygen intake and exercise endurance of pneumoconiosis patients, ameliorate dyspnea symptoms, elevate psychological state and sleep quality, and improve the quality of life.

Establishment of Comprehensive Protection System for Intellectual Property of Single Herbs by Taking Callicarpa nudiflora of Jiuzhitang as An Example / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The development of single Chinese materia medica is an important direction of technological innovation in the field of Chinese materia medica at present， and the study of its comprehensive intellectual property protection system is of great significance to the intellectual property protection of the whole chain of innovative enterprises of single Chinese materia medica. Based on this， this paper takes the comprehensive protection system of intellectual property of Callicarpa nudiflora constructed by Jiuzhitang Pharmaceutical as a model to conduct empirical research， analyzes the protection forms applicable to intellectual property of Chinese materia medica， such as patents， administrative protection， trademarks， designs and intangible cultural heritages， and discusses the valuable and insufficient aspects of the protection system currently constructed by Jiuzhitang Pharmaceutical and puts forward the following suggestions：①paying attention to patent applications for planting/processing methods of raw medicinal materials， ②emphasizing the protection of geographical indications， authentic medicinal herbs， and new plant varieties， ③actively promoting product and technology upgrades， ④applying for data protection during product iteration， ⑤emphasizing the layout timing of patent and administrative protection， ⑥focusing on improving goodwill， ⑦enhancing awareness of intellectual property protection and promoting deep integration of industry， academia， and research. We hope that innovative enterprises engaged in the development of single Chinese materia medica can learn from the experience of the case， and optimize the strategy to better protect related products.

Competências para a produção do cuidado integral: análise dos processos avaliativos no internato de Medicina da Universidade Federal Fluminense / Competencias para la producción de cuidados integrales: análisis de los procesos de evaluación en el internado de Medicina de la Universidad Federal Fluminense / Competencies for the production of comprehensive health care: analysis of the assessment processes in Medicine Internship at Fluminense Federal University

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a priorização e valorização de competências para a produção do cuidado integral no internato obrigatório (IO) da faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal Fluminense. O percurso metodológico contou com análise documental das competências para o IO e suas formas de avaliação, seguido de entrevistas remotas com docentes. A análise de conteúdo categorizou unidades temáticas de acordo com o momento da produção do cuidado integral no encontro com o paciente e nos demais encontros ocorridos para além deste. Foram evidenciadas priorização e valorização da integração de habilidades de comunicação e de técnicas semióticas; e raciocínio clínico com atitudes éticas e humanísticas e de competências relacionadas ao trabalho em equipe; participação em espaços coletivos de discussão; gestão do cuidado; abordagem comunitária; e processo de produção do conhecimento baseado nos signos do "ser médico(a)".

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la priorización y valorización de las competencias para la producción de cuidados integrales en el Internado Obligatorio de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Federal Fluminense. La metodologia incluye análisis documental y entrevistas con profesores. El análisis de contenido fue categorizado en unidades temáticas según el momento de producción de la atención integral: en el encuentro y en los encuentros necessários a partir de este encuentro com el paciente. Em el encuentro, se priorizó la integración de habilidades comunicativas y técnicas semióticas y de razonamiento clínico con actitudes éticas y humanísticas, y en los demás encuentros, las habilidades relacionadas con el trabajo en equipo, participación en espacios colectivos de discusión, gestión del cuidado, enfoque comunitario, además del propio proceso de producción de conocimiento, todos basado en la idea de lo que significa ser médico.

The objective of this study is to analyze the prioritization and valorization of competences within the production of comprehensive care at Mandatory Internship at the Faculty of Medicine at Fluminense Federal University. The methologic included analysis of the documents that contained the competencies and its forms of assessment at the Mandatory Internship, and remote interviews with professors. The analysis of the content was categorized into thematic units according to the moment of the production of comprehensive care: in the encounter with patient and beyond others encounters needed after this first one. By the encounter, there was a prioritization of the integration of communication skills and semiotic techniques and clinical reasoning with ethical and humanistic attitudes, and in the second one the competencies related to teamwork, participation in collective spaces for discussion, care management, community approach, in addition of the knowledge production process itself, based on the idea of being a doctor.

Understanding child development and care integrality: Primary Health Care doctors and nurses' view / Compreensão do desenvolvimento infantil e a integralidade do cuidado: visão de médicos e enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify perceptions of primary care health professionals regarding the conceptual aspects of child development and propose strategies to address difficulties. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in a small municipality in the countryside of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The primary health care in this region is comprised of Family Health Units and Basic Health Units. The sample included 52 participants, consisting of doctors and primary care nurses. A questionnaire with open and closed questions was utilized, covering knowledge and practices related to child development. For this study, the first question of the questionnaire, which asked for a descriptive response about participants' understanding of child development, was employed. The responses were transcribed, and content analysis using the thematic approach was conducted. Results: Among the participants, 54% were nurses, and the average duration of working with the pediatric population was ten years. 80% reported never having undergone training in child development. The analysis of the responses revealed heterogeneity in the professionals' understanding of the conceptual dimension of child development. Additionally, there was an insufficient grasp of the theoretical and practical aspects and a scarcity of resources to support comprehensive care for children. A predominant biomedical model focusing on disease and biological aspects of child health was evident in defining the understanding of the subject. Conclusions: The findings underscore the necessity of implementing health education initiatives and service projects in primary care settings. It is crucial to strengthen a comprehensive perspective of child health within the biopsychosocial model of the health-disease process.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar percepções de profissionais de saúde da atenção primária acerca dos aspectos conceituais do desenvolvimento infantil e propor estratégias de enfrentamento das dificuldades. Métodos: Estudo descritivo-analítico conduzido em um município de pequeno porte no interior do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, cuja atenção primária é composta das Unidades de Saúde da Família e Unidades Básicas de Saúde. A amostra foi constituída por 52 participantes, entre médicos e enfermeiros da atenção primária. Utilizou-se um questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas, abordando conhecimentos e práticas sobre desenvolvimento infantil. Para este estudo, foi utilizada a primeira pergunta do questionário, de natureza dissertativa, que abordou como os participantes compreendiam o desenvolvimento infantil. As respostas foram transcritas e foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. Resultados: Dos participantes, 54% eram enfermeiros, e a média de tempo de trabalho com a faixa pediátrica foi de dez anos. Referiram nunca ter realizado curso de formação em desenvolvimento infantil 80%. Quanto à análise das respostas, observou-se heterogeneidade no que se refere à dimensão conceitual do tema por parte dos profissionais, além de uma apreensão teórico-prática insuficiente e escassez de recursos que fortaleçam um atendimento integral à criança. Prevalece um modelo biomédico centrado na doença e aspectos biológicos da saúde infantil quando definem a compreensão sobre o tema. Conclusões: Os dados apontam para a necessidade de implementação de projetos de educação em saúde e em serviço na atenção primária. Faz-se premente o fortalecimento de um olhar integral à saúde da criança sob o modelo biopsicossocial do processo saúde-doença.

Multidisciplinary team for patients with neurocutaneous syndromes: The little discussed importance of dentistry

Abstract Neurocutaneous syndromes comprise a heterogeneous group of congenital or hereditary conditions that are known to be associated with the risk of different disorders and complications. Two of the most common neurocutaneous syndromes are Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC). Although there appears to be a general consensus on the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing these cases, there is still very little emphasis in discussions addressed in the literature on the role of dentistry in accordance with the perspective of comprehensive care. Evidence-based propositions, together with a broad discussion of new insights in this regard, should have the ability to strongly impact related future perspectives, aiming for greater advances and better outcomes for these patients. In this review article, the authors discuss updated general aspects of NF1 and TSC, and the potential additional roles of dentistry, in addition to addressing suggestions for actions in dentistry at related levels of care, as well as priorities for future research.

El papel de los profesionales de enfermería en el desarrollo y atención de la salud adolescente en Honduras / The role of nursing professionals in the development and care of adolescent health in Honduras / Papel dos profissionais de enfermagem no desenvolvimento e na atenção à saúde de adolescentes em Honduras

RESUMEN Objetivo. Identificar y analizar el papel de los profesionales de enfermería en el desarrollo y la atención de la salud adolescente en Honduras, por medio del análisis de los contenidos de la formación de los estudiantes de enfermería y de las políticas relacionadas con la salud de los adolescentes. Métodos. Estudio de métodos mixtos, con enfoque explicativo secuencial, desarrollado de mayo a julio del 2023 por medio de encuesta con escuelas de enfermería, análisis de los documentos políticos, encuesta con profesionales de enfermería y grupo focal. Datos cuantitativos analizados mediante estadística descriptiva y datos cualitativos analizados mediante el marco teórico de Walt y Gilson. Resultados. Durante la investigación, se analizaron 18 documentos y participaron siete escuelas de enfermería, 141 enfermeras y 10 actores clave en posición de liderazgo. Los resultados apuntan a la necesidad de actualizar y difundir el marco normativo, garantizar recursos y estructura para implementar programas intersectoriales y sostenibles, y capacitar a los profesionales. La escuela representa un espacio importante para la implementación de acciones, contexto en el que la adopción de la enfermera escolar puede ser provechosa. Las enfermeras fueron identificadas como protagonistas en la aplicación de los programas y deben ser consideradas en el desarrollo de políticas dirigidas a este público. Conclusiones. Las enfermeras participan en diversas etapas del proceso de implementación de políticas y pueden hacer importantes contribuciones a la salud escolar en el primer nivel de salud. Para ello, es necesario aumentar la capacidad de las enfermeras y docentes de enfermería en temas actuales y relevantes en la atención a los adolescentes.

ABSTRACT Objective. Identify and analyze the role of nursing professionals in the development and care of adolescent health in Honduras, by analyzing the curricular content of the training provided to nursing students with respect to adolescent health, and by studying policies on adolescent health. Methods. Mixed methods study, with a sequential explanatory approach, carried out from May to July 2023 through surveys of nursing schools, analysis of policy documents, a survey with nursing professionals, and a focus group. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data, applying the theoretical framework of Walt and Gilson. Results. During the research, 18 documents were analyzed and seven nursing schools, 141 nurses, and 10 key actors in leadership positions participated. The results point to the need to update and disseminate the regulatory framework, ensure the necessary resources and structure to implement sustainable intersectoral programs, and train professionals. Schools are an important space for the implementation of actions; in this context, the adoption of school nursing programs could be beneficial. Nurses were identified as key figures in program implementation and should be taken into consideration when developing policies aimed at adolescents. Conclusions. Nurses participate in various stages of the policy implementation process and can make important contributions to school health at the first level of care. To this end, it is necessary to increase the capacities of nurses and nursing educators in relation to current and relevant issues in adolescent care.

RESUMO Objetivo. Identificar e analisar o papel dos profissionais de enfermagem no desenvolvimento e na atenção à saúde de adolescentes em Honduras por meio de análise do conteúdo da formação dos estudantes de enfermagem em saúde de adolescentes e das políticas relacionadas aos adolescentes. Métodos. Estudo de métodos mistos, com abordagem sequencial explanatória, realizado de maio a julho de 2023 por meio de um questionário aplicado a escolas de enfermagem, análise de documentos de política, um questionário aplicado a profissionais de enfermagem e um grupo focal. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados mediante estatísticas descritivas, e os qualitativos, usando o modelo teórico de Walt e Gilson. Resultados. Durante a pesquisa, foram analisados 18 documentos. Sete escolas de enfermagem, 141 profissionais de enfermagem e 10 atores-chave em cargos de liderança participaram do estudo. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de atualizar e divulgar o marco normativo, garantir recursos e estrutura para a implementação de programas intersetoriais e sustentáveis e capacitar os profissionais. A escola representa um espaço importante para a implementação de ações, contexto no qual a adoção da enfermagem escolar pode ser proveitosa. Os profissionais de enfermagem foram identificados como atores-chave na implementação dos programas e devem ser levados em consideração no desenvolvimento de políticas voltadas para esse público. Conclusões. Os profissionais de enfermagem estão envolvidos em vários estágios do processo de implementação de políticas e podem fazer aportes importantes para a saúde escolar no nível da atenção primária. Para isso, é necessário aumentar a capacitação dos profissionais e docentes de enfermagem em tópicos atuais e relevantes da atenção a adolescentes.