Agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors: diagnosis and treatment options

ABSTRACT Introduction: There are different possibilities of orthodontic planning for cases with congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors. This subject divides the opinion of orthodontists and oral rehabilitation clinicians, due to the advantages and disadvantages of each treatment option, which may involve opening spaces for future implants and/or prosthetic restorations, or closing the spaces by positioning the maxillary canines in the place of lateral incisors. The correct diagnosis and careful evaluation of each patient allow to determine the best therapeutic approach. This paper discusses the main topics to be considered when planning these cases. Objectives: To evaluate the main aspects related to orthodontic treatment planning in cases of congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors, to aid the decision-making, with clinical and scientific basis.

RESUMO Introdução: Existem diferentes possibilidades de planejamento ortodôntico para os casos que apresentam ausência congênita de incisivos laterais superiores. Esse é um assunto que divide a opinião de ortodontistas e reabilitadores orais, devido às vantagens e desvantagens de cada uma das opções de tratamento, as quais podem envolver a abertura de espaços para futuros implantes e/ou restaurações protéticas ou o fechamento dos espaços, com posicionamento dos caninos superiores no lugar dos incisivos laterais. O correto diagnóstico e uma criteriosa avaliação de cada paciente permitem determinar a melhor abordagem terapêutica. Nesse artigo, serão discutidos os principais tópicos a serem considerados no planejamento desses casos. Objetivos: Avaliar os principais aspectos relacionados ao planejamento do tratamento ortodôntico nos casos de ausência congênita de incisivos laterais superiores, de maneira a auxiliar nas tomadas de decisão, com embasamento clínico e científico.

Early Eruption of Maxillary Permanent Canines : Report of 2 Cases / 대한소아치과학회지

Congenital absence of the primary canines is very rare. Congenital absence of primary teeth often causes their successors to not develop at all or affects the eruption of their successors. The purpose of this paper was to report the cases of 2 children with early eruption of the maxillary permanent canines at ages 4 and 6 years, respectively, following congenital absence of their maxillary primary canines, which are not common in earlier studies. Although tooth eruption and shedding exhibit some physiological variation, certain clinical cases are extreme. Premature eruption of the maxillary permanent canines may cause complications in terms of the space available for the eruption of adjacent teeth. Additionally, early eruption of permanent teeth increases the need for more careful oral hygiene. Therefore, the pediatric dentist must be alert to such rare cases.

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene abnormalities in Indian males with congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens & renal anomalies.

Background & objectives: The role of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations in congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens and unilateral renal agenesis (CBAVD-URA) has been controversial. Here, we report the cases of five Indian males with CBAVD-URA. The objective was to evaluate the presence or absence of CFTR gene mutations and variants in CBAVD-URA. The female partners of these males were also screened for cystic fibrosis (CF) carrier status. Methods: Direct DNA sequencing of CFTR gene was carried out in five Indian infertile males having CBAVD-URA. Female partners (n=5) and healthy controls (n=32) were also screened. Results: Three potential regulatory CFTR gene variants (c.1540A>G, c.2694T>G and c.4521G>A) were detected along with IVS8-5T mutation in three infertile males with CBAVD-URA. Five novel CFTR gene variants (c.621+91A>G, c.2752+106A>T, c.2751+85_88delTA, c.3120+529InsC and c.4375-69C>T), four potential regulatory CFTR gene variants (M470V, T854T, P1290P, Q1463Q) and seven previously reported CFTR gene variants (c.196+12T>C, c.875+40A>G, c.3041-71G>C, c.3271+42A>T, c.3272-93T>C, c.3500-140A>C and c.3601-65C>A) were detected in infertile men having CBAVD and renal anomalies Interpretation & conclusions: Based on our findings, we speculate that CBAVD-URA may also be attributed to CFTR gene mutations and can be considered as CFTR-related disorder (CFTR-RD). The CFTR gene mutation screening may be offered to CBAVD-URA men and their female partners undergoing ICSI. Further studies need to be done in a large sample to confirm the findings.

Clinical Performance of Single-incision Laparoscopic Sigmoid Colon Vaginoplasty in Women with Congenital Absence of Vagina / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To explore the feasibility of single?incision laparoscopic sigmoid colon vaginoplasty in women with congenital absence of va?gina. Methods Clinical data of thirty?two patients with congenital absence of vagina admitted in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University be?tween January 2008 and June 2014 was retrospectively analyzed. Nineteen patients underwent laparoscopic assisted sigmoid colon vaginoplasty,and thirteen paitiens underwent single?incision laparoscopic sigmoid colon vaginoplasty. The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,evacuation time and follow up were compared between the two groups. Results In the group of single?incision laparoscopic sigmoid colon vaginoplasty,the opera?tion time was shorter and intraoperative blood loss was less. There was no difference between two groups in evacuation time. There was no infection or leakage of anastomotic stoma of sigmoid colon,and no postoperative stenosis of the neovagina and its length was satisfied. Patients were satisfied with the quality of sexual life after the surgery. Patients underwent single?incision laparoscopic sigmoid colon vaginoplasty were all satisfied with the ap?pearance of abdomen. Conclusion The single?incision laparoscopic sigmoid colon vaginoplasty can simplify the procedure of intestinal anastomo?sis,shorten the operation time,and reduce the intraoperative blood loss. Consequently,the single?incision laparoscopic sigmoid colon vaginoplasty is effective and safe.

Ligament Reconstruction in Congenital Absence of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Case Report

Congenital absence of the cruciate ligament is an extremely rare condition that was first reported in Giorgi's radiographic study in 1956. The authors report on a case of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction performed on a 21-year-old female patient with congenital anterior cruciate ligament absence. We also discuss radiographic evidence that could provide clues to the congenital absence and possible difficulties that may be encountered during surgery with a review of the relevant literature.

The influence on the quality of marital and life in the congenital absence of vagina patients with operation by psychological intervention / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the influence on the quality of marital and life of the congenital absence of vagina patients with operation by psychological intervention.Methods The congenital absente of vagina patients were divided into psycholOgical intervened group(n=18,all cases were treated with the cognitive and behaviour therapy)and without intervened group(n=11).Before and after treatment the scores of the nottingham health poofity(NHP)were used in the two groups.After treatment the Olson's enrich questionary were tested also.Results The scores of NHP and Olson of psychological intervened group were significantly superior to those without intervened group(P＜0.05 or P＜0 01).Conclusion The cogntive and behaviour theraopy before operation is good for the quality of marital and life in congenital absence of vagina patients.

Congenital Absence of the Posterior Arch of the Atlas A Strange but Benign Anomaly

Congenital partial aplasia of the atlas with a posterior arch remnant is rare. It may be found as an incidental radiological finding or patients can present with neurological signs and symptoms after head or neck trauma. A 36 year old female presented with a 3 day history of right sided neck pain radiating down the right arm. Radiographs of the cervical spine showed a radiolucent area in the region of the posterior arch of the atlas. Computed tomography subsequently revealed partial absence of the posterio

Congenital Absence of a Pedicle of L4 in the Spinal Stenosis: A Case Report / 대한척추외과학회지

Congenital absence of a lumbar pedicle is an uncommon anomaly, and most cases are asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. A 72-year-old man presented with lower back pain that radiated to his bilateral lower extremities. Physical examination revealed no neurological deficits. Plain radiographs of the lumbar spine revealed absence of the left L4 pedicle, along with hypertrophy and sclerosis of the contralateral pedicle. Magnetic resonance imaging showed stenosis of the L3-4 neural canal. Computed tomography revealed absence of the left L4 pedicle associated with hypertrophy and sclerosis of the right L4 pedicle and facet joint. The symptoms of the patient were resolved after posterior decompression without fusion. Here, we report one case of congenital absence of an L4 pedicle detected in a spinal stenosis patient who need to undergo a decompressive surgery for the spinal stenosis caused by contralateral facet hypertrophy.

Congenital Absence of Thoracic Spine Pedicle: Case Report / 대한척추외과학회지

Congenital absence of a thoracic pedicle is a rare clinical entity, and this can be misdiagnosed as an acquired absence of the pedicle that is the result of trauma, tumor, or infection. Initial evaluations with conventional radiography frequently lead to misinterpretation and to misguided intervention. Computed tomography can be the most helpful modality to confirm the diagnosis. The congenital absence of pedicles, in contrast to the acquired absence of pedicles, can be managed successfully by conservative treatment or even without treatment. We report a case of an absent thoracic pedicle and we describe the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment together with a review of the literature.

Congenital absence of the portal vein with splenomegaly in a young woman (Case report).

Congenital Absence of the Portal Vein (CAPV) is a rare anomaly in which the intestinal and splenic venous drainage bypasses the liver and drains into the systemic veins through various venous shunts. We present a case of a 32-year-old woman with this malformation, the patient experienced hematemesis and melena repetitively and had splenomegaly and hypersplenism. The angiography demonstrated absence of portal vein. Splenectomy was performed to reduce the pressure of the veins around stomach and to correct the hypersplenism. In endoscopy examination six months after surgery, the esophageal varices had disappear and the size of gastric varices had decrease.

A Case of Left Isomerism Presented with Pulmonary Hypertension Caused by Congenital Absence of the Portal Vein

Left isomerism is characterized by bilateral left-sidedness and multiple associated cardiac and visceral anomalies. The clinical manifestation of left isomerism mainly depends upon the cardiac lesions. Occasionally an individual will have a normal heart and be presented with the extracardiac anomalies. A 3-year-old girl with a diagnosis of left isomerism was presented with pulmonary hypertension and intermittent hypoglycemia. Computerized tomography of the abdomen revealed absence of the portal vein and portosystemic shunt. The superior mesenteric and splenic veins joined as a common trunk, bypassed the liver and drained the left renal vein and hemiazygos vein. Her pulmonary hypertension was considered as a consequence of the portosystemic shunt. We report a case of left isomerism in association with absence of the portal vein and a review of literatures.

Laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty for congenital absence of vagina / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the possibility and efficacy of laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty for the treatment of congenital absence of vagina. Methods A total of 4 patients with congenital absence of vagina underwent laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty. Results Operations were performed successfully in the 4 cases. The mean operative time was 114 min (range: 90-160 min), and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 5.4 d (range: 5-6 d). There was no complication in all patients. Conclusion Laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty is a safe, minimally invasive, and reliable method for the treatment of congenital absence of vagina.

Laparoscopy-assisted Sigmoid Colon Vaginoplasty:Report of 27 Cases / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To study the surgical techniques and effects of laparoscopy-assisted sigmoid colon vaginoplasty.MethodsClinical data of 27 patients,who underwent laparoscopy-assisted sigmoid colon vaginoplasty at Beijing Anzhen Hospital between June 2006 and June 2007,were retrospectively analyzed.A 15-cm segment of pedicled sigmoid colon was isolated using an ultrasound knife.The distal end of the segment was pulled into the vaginal space in the cul-de-sac of Douglas under a laparoscopic vision as the neovagina.The continuity of the intestinal tract(end-to-end bowel anastomosis) was restored using a circular mechanical suture through the rectum.ResultsThe surgery was successfully completed in all the cases,no intra-operative complication occurred.The mean blood loss and operation time was 82 ml(50-180 ml) and 168 min(120-246 ml) respectively.One patient developed incomplete intestinal obstruction 16 days after the operation,and was cured by conservative treatment.Follow-up was available in 21 patients for 14-20 months.Five patients had no sexual partner during the follow-up,while the other 16 patients were satisfied with their sexual lives after the surgeries.ConclusionLaparoscopic vaginal reconstruction using a sigmoid colon segment is satisfying for cosmetic,functional,and anatomic results.

Clinical analysis of 73 cases of laparoscopic vaginoplasty of peritoneum / 中国微创外科杂志

9 cm in 66 cases and 8 cm in 4 cases.A vaginal speculum was inserted smoothly,showing a pinky,wet,and normal-tensioned vaginal mucous membrane.Of 44 cases with intercourse experience,there were 43 cases with satisfactory sexual life and 1 case with a complaint of too short vagina(vaginal length,8 cm).Conclusions Laparoscopic vaginoplasty of peritoneum has advantages of minimal invasion,simplicity of performance,and rapid recovery.The appearance and functions of "artificial vagina" after surgery are similar to those of normal vagina.

Laparoscopic vaginoplasty using vascularized ileal flap / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To study surgical techniques and curative effects of laparoscopic vaginoplasty with transferring vascularized ileal flap.Methods Clinical data of 62 cases of laparoscopic vaginoplasty using vascularized ileal flap from March 2004 to March 2006 in this hospital were retrospectively analyzed.There were 16 cases of total laparoscopic surgery and 46 cases of laparoscope assisted surgery.Results The operation was successfully completed in all the 62 cases.The intraoperative blood loss was 30~50 ml(40.0?0.6 ml) and the operating time was 90~313 min(165.0?5.6 min).Intestinal obstruction occurred 1 month after total laparoscopic surgery in 1 case,requiring a re-operation of ileectomy with end-to-end anastomosis.Vaginal stenosis occurred in 3 cases because of incorrect use of the vaginal mold.The remaining 58 cases had satisfactory vaginal dilatation outcomes. Conclusions Laparoscopic vaginoplasty with vascularized ileal flap is micro-invasive and accordant to normal physiological conditions,being an ideal method for vaginoplasty.

Laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty versus sigmoid loop vaginoplasty: A comparison study / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy between laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty and sigmoid loop vaginoplasty. Methods A total of 29 cases of congenital absence of vagina received either laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty (Peritoneal Group, 14 cases) or sigmoid loop vaginoplasty (Sigmoid Group, 15 cases) from March 1998 to April 2003. Results The operation failed in 1 case in the Peritoneal Group, requiring a conversion to open sigmoid loop vaginoplasty. Both groups had no surgical complications or postoperative pyrexia. The operating time of the Peritoneal Group (118 9?19 0 min) was significantly shorter than that of the Sigmoid Group (202 0?18 6 min) ( t =-11 674, P =0 000). And the intraoperative blood loss of the former (36 2?12 6 ml) was significantly less than that of the latter (105 3?46 3 ml) ( t =-5 205, P =0 000). The conditions of reconstructed vagina of both groups were basically the same, but the vagina length of the Sigmoid Group (10 8?1 1 cm) was significantly greater than that of the Peritoneal Group (9 0?0 8 cm) ( t =-4 882, P =0 000). Among the Sigmoid Group, 3 cases had somewhat more amount of vaginal secretion and 4 cases had abnormal-smelling secretion. Patients in both groups reported the same satisfactory degree of sexual life. Conclusions Laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty and sigmoid loop vaginoplasty present a similar therapeutic efficacy, but the former gives less surgical invasion than the latter.

The position of the third molar in the adult subjects about 6 000 years ago / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To observe the position of the third molar in the neolithic adults about 6 000 years ago.Methods:On the basis of the maxillary and mandibular specimens preserved in Banpo museum,200 maxillary and mandibular specimens with 383 third molars,187 maxillary and 196 mandibular,were observed for the eruption of the third molar.The teeth in the non-eruption group were further divided into impact group and congenital absent group according to the third molar germ presence testified by X ray.Results:The congenital absent rates of maxillary and mandibular third molar were 26.74% and 17.35%,while the impact rates of maxillary and mandibular third molar were(2.67%) and 14.79% respectively.Conclusion:Both the congenital absent rate and the impact rate of the third molar in neolithic era adults are lower than those in modern,the impact and congenital absence of the third molar are part of degradation of masticatory organ with whole humanity progressing.

A Case of Congenital Absence of the Epiglottis in an Adult / 대한이비인후과학회지

Congenital absence of the epiglottis is a rare anomaly of the larynx. We present a case in a young female adult who was identified incidentally as the first case of congenital absence of the epiglottiscase found in an adult. In her history, she had suffered from frequent upper respiratory infections and muffled voice. She had a herniated lumbar nucleus pulposus, and was scheduled to undergo a laminectomy. While inducing general anesthesia on the patient, the anesthesiologists had a great deal of difficulty in intubation of the endotracheal tube by routine procedure and consulted the department of ENT. The absence of the epiglottis was observed as a result of ENT consultation when examining the patient through a fiberoptic endoscope. fiberoptic laryngoscope and neck lateral plain X-ray. Using a fiberoptic laryngoscope and a neck lateral plain X-ray, v,e confirmed a congenital absence of the epiglottis, hypertrophy of aryepiglottic fold and arytenoid region, elongated larynx, a large false vocal cord.

Bilateral Congenital Absence of the Long Head of Biceps Brachii Tendon in Shoulder Joints: A case report / 대한정형외과학회잡지

The role of the long head of biceps brachii tendon in the stahilization of the head of the humerus is a highly interesting issue in recent studies. But, it is not well understood. Congenital absence of biceps long head tendon ot the hilateral shoulder joint is very rare and on review of literatures, we could not find any case reported. We experienced one case which was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopic examination of the shoulder, and report it with review of literatures.

Venous Stasis and Ulceration Due to Congenital Absence of Inferior Vena Cava

Congenital absence of inferior vena cava is an uncommon abnormality. With advent of modern imaging techniques such cases are being found with increasing frequency. I report the case of an otherwise healthy 44-year-old man with severe venous insufficiency involving both lower extremities manifested by multiple ulcerations. This condition was caused by a combination of congenital and acquired factors. Ulcerations were managed successfully with aggressive conservative treatment.