RESUMO
Allergic keratoconjunctivitis is a common allergic disease,but some patients,especially children,cannot be diagnosed and treated timely and correctly.Allergic keratoconjunctivitis is mainly caused by type Ⅰ and Ⅳ allergy,and its treatment is mainly based on topical administration.At present,antiallergic drugs used for the treatment of allergic keratoconjunctivitis include Histamine antagonists,mast cell stabilizers,double effect antiallergic drugs,Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants.It is essential to understand the mechanism of various antiallergic drugs and to choose different combinations according to the type of allergy to treat allergic keratoconjunctivitis.Clinicians should pay attention to the principle of choosing different drugs based on the pathogenesis of allergic keratoconjunctivitis,gradually standardize the drug regimen and improve the efficacy of drugs.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of medically or surgically treated patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC). Methods: Charts of 16 patients with AKC (32 eyes) observed between 1996 and 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. Outcome measures included demographic features, follow-up duration, and biomicroscopic findings at the first and most recent visits. The corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA; in decimal units) was evaluated at the initial visit and the 1-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up visits. Results: In the medically treated group (25 eyes of 15 patients), the median follow-up duration was 3 (range, 1-9) years, and the median CDVA values were 0.01 (0.001-1.0) at the first visit and 0.01 (0.001-0.8) at the most recent visit (p=0.916). In the penetrating keratoplasty (PK) group (7 eyes of 6 patients), the median follow-up duration was 7 years (range, 1-11), and the median CDVA increased from 0.01 (0.001-0.01) to 0.2 (0.001-0.7) postoperatively (p=0.043). Conclusion: Whereas most AKC patients maintained a useful CDVA with medical treatment, PK may be required in some cases. Despite the frequent occurrence of complications, PK can significantly improve the CDVA.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os resultados a longo prazo em ceratoconjuntivite atópica (AKC) pacientes que foram tratados clinicamente ou cirurgicamente. Métodos: Os prontuários de 16 pacientes (32 olhos) com AKC, que foram acompanhados entre 1996 e 2013 foram avaliados retrospectivamente. As medidas adotadas foram as características demográficas, tempos de seguimento, e resultados biomicroscópicos da visita inicial e da visita mais recente. A acuidade visual corrigida para distância (CDVA), apresentada em unidades decimais, foi avaliada na visita inicial e nas visitas do 1º mês, 6º mês e 1º ano de seguimento. Resultados: No grupo tratado clinicamente (25 olhos de 15 pacientes), a mediana do tempo de seguimento foi de 3 anos (variação, 1-9) e a CDVA média foi de 0,01 (0,001-1,0) na visita inicial e 0,01 (0,001-0,8) na visita mais recente (p=0,916). No grupo de ceratoplastia penetrante (PK) (7 olhos de 6 pacientes), a mediana de tempo de seguimento foi de 7 anos (variação, 1-11) e a CDVA média aumentou de 0,01 (0,001-0,01) para 0,2 (0,001-0,7) (p=0,043) no pós-operatório. Conclusões: Embora a maioria dos pacientes AKC mantém a CDVA útil com o tratamento clínico, alguns necessitam de PK a fim de obter CDVA útil. Embora as complicações pós-PK ocorrem com freqüência, a CDVA pode melhorar significativamente.