Clinical progress of effective monitoring in management of pediatric asthma / 国际儿科学杂志

Asthma is one of the most common diseases in childhood which is characterized by chronic airway inflammation.With the increasing incidence, the impact of asthma on children′s quality of life, family income and society economy becomes more and more nonnegligible, and people now pay more attention on the effective treatment of asthma.The aim of asthma treatment is to achieve symptom control and improve prognosis.In order to achieve this aim, the effective managemant of asthma is particularly important.The effective management includes monitoring quality of life, using of spirometry and asthma medications.This review discusses the management of children asthma.

Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Impaired Control Scale

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Impaired Control Scale (K-ICS), a scale to screen patients with alcohol use disorder. METHODS: Participants were 173 inpatients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), and 174 normal controls (NC). Both AUD and NC groups completed the K-ICS as well as the Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS), the Alcohol Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale (AASES), the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). RESULTS: The internal consistencies of K-ICS were good in both AUD and NC. A good convergent validity was clearly shown by significant correlations with the ADS and the AASES, respectively. But the K-ICS had no or weak correlations with the BSCS and the HAD. The ROC curve analyses indicated that the optimal cut-off points of failed control (FC) and predicted control (PC) were estimated as >15 and >13, respectively. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis suggested that FC is a robust predictor of the severity of AUD. CONCLUSION: The K-ICS, especially FC subscale of it appears to be a valid and reliable measure of impaired control among both clinical and non-clinical sample.

Subnormal Binocular Contrast Sensitivity Summation in Patients with Intermittent Exotropia

BACKGROUND: To evaluate binocular summation ratio using contrast sensitivity (CS) testing and correlation between binocular summation and stereoacuity, and control scale in intermittent exotropia (IXT). METHODS: We conducted a prospective case-control study. Thirty-seven IXT and 41 controls were evaluated with both monocular and binocular CS testing. We compared the binocular summation ratio of IXT to that of controls. Near and distance stereoacuity was assessed and office-based control scale was evaluated. We investigated correlation between binocular CS summation ratio and stereoacuity, and control scale in IXT, respectively. RESULTS: IXT had lower binocular CS summation ratio than controls at 1.5 and 3.0 cycles/degree (1.01 ± 1.02 vs. 1.62 ± 1.88 and 1.17 ± 0.96 vs. 1.86 ± 1.75, Both P < 0.05). We found significant correlation between binocular CS summation ratio at 3.0 cycles/degree and both near and distance stereoacuity (r = −0.411, P = 0.012 and r = −0.624, P = 0.005), and ratio at 1.5 cycles/degree also correlated significantly with distance stereoacuity (r = −0.397, P = 0.034) in the IXT. Binocular CS summation ratio was correlated to control scale at 1.5 and 3.0 cycles/degree (r = −0.327, P = 0.041 and r = −0.418, P = 0.028), and the ratio significantly differed in control scale groupings analysis at the same frequencies (Both P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our findings of subnormal binocular CS summation ratio in IXT had correlation with stereoacuity and control scale suggest that binocular CS testing may be a useful method in assessing binocular visual function in IXT.

Revision of trait self-control scale for chinese college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To revise the trait self-control scale for Chinese college students.Methods According to the theory,12 items were selected,then data were collected from a sample of 549 and 133 college students of Harbin.Explorer Factor Analysis,Confirmatory Factor Analysis,reliability test and validity test were used.Results ①Trait self-control scale for college students included eight items,two dimensions were restrained and impulsivity,two dimensions can explain 42.90％ of the total variance.②Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that the two-dimensional structure was reasonable (x2/df =1.24,CFI =0.97,GFI =0.96,AGFI =0.92,IFI =0.97,TLI =0.96,RMSEA =0.04).③The restrained factor scores were positively correlated with satisfaction of life scores and adaption scores(r=0.23,0.48,P＜0.01),while negatively correlated with negative affect (r=-0.19,P ＜0.01).The impulsivity factor scores were negatively correlated with satisfaction of life scores and adaption scores (r=-0.18,-0.34,P＜0.01),while positively correlated with negative affect(r=0.22,P＜0.01).④The composite reliability coefficients of the scales were good:the coefficient of the subscale restraint was 0.69,and the coefficient of subscale of impulsivity was 0.64,the coefficient of the whole scale was 0.80.The two months test-retest reliability coefficient of 133 subjects was 0.66.Conclusion The revised scale of trait self-control scale has good psychometric quality and can be used in Chinese college students.

Adaptação à transição de carreira na meia-idade / Adaptation to career transition in middle age / Adaptación a la transición de carrera en la media edad

Este estudo exploratório teve por objetivo aprofundar o entendimento sobre a adaptação à transição de carreira na meia-idade utilizando um construto oriundo da Psicologia: o locus de controle. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa em que foram empregadas duas técnicas de investigação: o inventário de locus de controle de Julian B. Rotter e a entrevista semi-estruturada. Os resultados revelaram que os indivíduos que passaram por transições de carreira foram aqueles que não perderam a atenção, sobretudo para com eles mesmos, principalmente nas fases mais delicadas desse processo. Esses indivíduos tinham convicção em seus potenciais, embora não soubessem exatamente como empregá-los. Portanto, formulou-se a seguinte hipótese de pesquisa: o locus de controle interno facilita a adaptação à transição de carreira na meia-idade.

The objective of this exploratory study was to deepen the understanding of adaptation to career transition in middle age by means of a psychological construct: the locus of control. This is a qualitative research, in which two investigation techniques were used: the Julian B. Rotter’s locus of control inventory and semistructured interview. Findings showed that individuals that overcame career transitions were the ones who kept focused on themselves, mainly in the most delicate phases of this process. Those individuals had confidence in their potentials, in spite of not knowing exactly how to use them. Therefore, the following research hypothesis is proposed for future investigations: the internal locus of control facilitates adaptation to career transition in middle age.

Este estudio exploratorio tuvo por objetivo profundizar la comprensión sobre la adaptación a la transición de carrera en la media edad utilizando un constructo oriundo de la Psicología: el locus de control. Para eso, fue realizada una investigación cualitativa en la que fueron empleadas dos técnicas de investigación: el inventario de locus de control de Julian B. Rotter y la entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados revelaron que los individuos que pasaron por transiciones de carrera fueron aquellos que no perdieron la atención, sobretodo para con ellos mismos, principalmente en las etapas más delicadas de ese proceso. Esos individuos tenían confianza en sus potenciales, aunque no supiesen exactamente cómo emplearlos. Por lo tanto, se formuló la siguiente hipótesis de investigación: el locus de control interno facilita la adaptación a la transición de carrera en la media edad.