Rol de la figura de enlace en el modelo e transición en endocrinología. Experiencia en el ámbito público / Role of the liaison person in the transition model in Endocrinology. Experience in the public setting

Un proceso de transición planificado entre los sistemas de salud pediátricos y de adultos es necesario para poder garantizar una continuidad en la atención de los adolescentes. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la población de pacientes del Servicio de Endocrinología del Hospital Garrahan en fase de transición y sus familias, desarrollar un protocolo para la transición de los adolescentes con patología endocrinológica crónica al Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martin y evaluar el rol de la "figura de enlace" en este proceso. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal/prospectivo. Se obtuvieron datos sobre la consulta ambulatoria de 72 adolescentes mayores a 15 años con patología endocrinológica a los cuales se los acompañó en el proceso de transición. Se realizaron entrevistas y encuestas a los adolescentes, sus familias y a 16 endocrinólogos intervinientes en el seguimiento (9 pediátricos- 7 adultos). Resultados: La mayoría de los adolescentes evidenciaron falta de autonomía general, con mayor afectación en el área de "seguimiento de los problemas de salud". Esto, junto al paternalismo del pediatra y la sobreprotección familiar representaron inconvenientes para la transición. La mitad de los adultos entrevistados consideraron falta de autonomía o preparación en sus hijos considerando la edad ideal para la transición entre los 18-21 años. Las sensaciones referidas por los pacientes como sus acompañantes incluyen principalmente el miedo y ansiedad, y llamativamente en los pacientes la vergüenza. La creación de un consultorio de transición en el centro de adultos y el acompañamiento de la "figura de enlace", permitieron una mejor articulación y continuidad en el cuidado de la salud (AU)

TA planned transition process between pediatric and adult health systems is necessary to ensure continuity of care for adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the patient population of the Endocrinology Service at Garrahan Hospital during the transition phase, along with their families, to develop a protocol for transitioning adolescents with chronic endocrinological disorders to Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, and to evaluate the role of the "liaison person" in this process. Materials and Methods: This observational, cross-sectional/ prospective study obtained data from outpatient consultations of 72 adolescents over 15 years of age with endocrinological disorders who were accompanied during the transition process. Interviews and surveys were conducted with the adolescents, their families, and 16 endocrinologists involved in the follow-up (9 pediatricians and 7 adult physicians). Results: Most of the adolescents showed a general lack of autonomy, with greater challenges in the area of "follow-up of health problems." This, combined with the paternalism of the pediatrician and the overprotection of the family, represented obstacles to the transition. Half of the parents interviewed perceived a lack of autonomy or preparation in their children, considering the ideal age for transition to be between 18-21 years old. The primary feelings reported by the patients and those who accompanied them included fear and anxiety, with patients also feeling embarrassment. The creation of a transition clinic in the adult center and the support of a "liaison person" allowed for better coordination and continuity in health care (AU)

Vocational training for pediatric clinical research coordinators: current status and demand analysis / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the current status of vocational training for pediatric clinical research coordinators (CRC), and discuss the construction of base-based pediatric CRC training, and to promote the ability of pediatric CRCs.Methods:From July 25 to October 16, 2023, an anonymous self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted through the Wenjuanxing platform to investigate the current situation of pediatric CRC vocational training and base training needs. The data were collated using Excel. Categorical data were described as numbers and percentages.Results:A total of 328 usable questionnaires were returned. Only 7.62% (25 people) believed that existing CRC training was sufficient and could meet actual work needs; 4.88% (16 people) responded that there was no training; 46.34% (152 people) believed that the training was insufficient to support actual work needs; 87.50% (287 people) believed that continuous CRC training was needed; 46.95% (154 people) preferred experienced CRCs for teaching, who should have at least 3 years of CRC work experience; and 46.95% (154 people) preferred a duration of 3 months for CRC training. The preferred training methods were: practice under the direction of experienced CRCs (90.85%, 298 people), step-by-step teaching of practical skills (88.41%, 290 people), case analysis and discussion (87.20%, 286 people), process simulation (83.23%, 273 people), and lecture-based teaching (76.52%, 251 people). The preferred post-training assessment methods were: case analysis (76.52%, 251 people), operation simulation (74.09%, 243 people), process simulation (73.17%, 240 people), written examination (66.16%, 217 people), and interview (63.72%, 209 people).Conclusions:The current pediatric CRC training is not enough to meet actual work needs. It is urgent to develop and promote a CRC training system that can meet work needs, laying the foundation for the construction of pediatric clinical research ecology in China.

Investigation on status quo and influencing factors for donation coordination of organ donation coordinators / 器官移植

Objective To explore the important factors influencing organ donation willingness and coordination effect of organ donation coordinators. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 349 national organ donation coordinators by convenience sampling, including 145 males and 204 females, aged 27 (23, 36) years. Multiple linear regression and disordered logistic regression were used to investigate the important factors influencing the willingness to donate organs and coordination effects. Results Among 349 organ donation coordinators, 146 (41.8%) were willing to donate organs, including 101 (28.9%) who had signed the consent card for organ donation. Adequate awareness of organ donation laws, high education level, marital experience, and good self-perceived health status all showed positive effects on organ donation willingness of organ donation coordinators (all P < 0.05). High income, long length of service as organ donation coordinators, full-time mode of employment, high willingness to donate organs, and adequate awareness of donation conditions and donation procedures all showed positive effects on the coordination effect of organ donation coordinators (all P < 0.05). Conclusions The willingness to donate organs is increased as the higher awareness of organ donation laws of organ donation coordinators, while enhancing the willingness to donate organs of organ donation coordinators exerts positive impact upon improving the coordination effect of organ donation coordination. Therefore, an all-round organ donation coordinator training system should be established to improve the success rate of organ donation advocacy and promote the development of organ donation.

Construction of post competency model of human organ donation coordinators based on onion model / 器官移植

Objective To construct a scientific and rational post competency model of human organ donation coordinators. Methods Based on the onion model, the index pool was initially constructed by literature research and behavioral event interview. The index system was screened, modified and improved using Delphi method. The weight of indexes at all levels was determined by analytic hierarchy process. Results The effective response rates of two rounds of Delphi expert inquiries were both 100%, indicating that the expert opinions were highly dependable. The experts' judgment coefficient (Ca), familiarity (Cs) and authoritative coefficient (Cr) were all above 0.7, indicating that the experts' opinions were highly reliable. The expert coordination coefficients (W) were 0.294 and 0.342 (both P<0.001), indicating that experts delivered coordinated opinions and yielded slight difference in understanding the importance of indexes. Finally, according to the "onion model" theory and experts' opinions, a set of coordinator's post competency model including 6 first-level and 55 second-level indexes was established, which comprised an index surface layer, a middle layer and a core layer. Among them, the core layer represented core professional values, the middle layer was personal quality and professional ethics and quality, and the surface layer was interpersonal communication capability, organizational cooperation capability and professional knowledge and lifelong learning capability. Conclusions The post competency model of organ donation coordinators established in this study consists of 6 first-level and 55 second-level indexes, which is highly effective and reliable.

A qualitative study on employment experiences of coordinators of In-Hospital Organ Procurement Organization / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the employment experiences of coordinators of In-Hospital Organ Procurement Organization (OPO).Methods:Based on purpose sampling, 12 full-time In-Hospital OPO coordinators in Chongqing City were recruited from July to December 2020. A semi-structured and in-depth interview was performed and the data was analyzed by Colaizzi.Results:4 first-level themes were extracted, including professional identity process, negative emotional experience, improvement of professional practice competence and job expectancy. 12 second-level themes were identified including career expectations and identity confusion, professional values, shortage of respect and ratification, huge workloads, great psychological pressure, influence of the bereaved families, enhancement of the ability to communicate, improvement of problem-solving ability, improvement of team-work ability, optimization of scenario simulation, a perfection of the assessment system, a clear career path.Conclusions:In-Hospital OPO coordinators are lack of professional awareness in an initial stage. While feeling a sense of professional value, they also experience some negative emotions. Furthermore, their competences are improved in practice and they, meanwhile, express a strong desire for career development. It is suggested that the administrators could explore establishment of academic education, enhancement of psychological and social support, creation of pretty working environments and improvement of training, assessment and promotion systems to facilitate the career development of coordinators.

Exploration of human resource management practice for organ donation coordinators in public hospitals / 中华医院管理杂志

The human resource management of organ donation coordinators in China is still in its infancy stage, plagued by such problems as unclear career orientation, poor management and unclear career planning. In March 2010, a tertiary public hospital was approved as a medical institution in a national pilot province for organ donation. In recent years, the hospital had kept exploring human resource management of coordinators and established a relatively complete management mode for organ donation coordinators. This mode featured the establishment of full-time recruitment positions, development of human resource management plans, refinement of job descriptions, establishment of performance evaluation plans, optimization of assessment and incentive mechanisms, and innovation of talent cultivation modes. The management practice had achieved certain results, ensuring the sustainable development of hospital organ donation operation, and providing a reference for the scientific and standardized development of organ donation and transplantation in China.

Establishment of a long-term operation mechanism for sustainable development of united OPO / 器官移植

Human Organ Procurement Organization (OPO) is an indispensable part of organ donation. In recent years, with rapid development of organ donation in China, united OPO has been established based on China's national conditions and establishment of global OPO. This innovative model serves as favorable supplement and exploration for the development of OPO, promoting the development of organ donation to enter a new stage. However, there are still some shortcomings during the process of development. Efforts should be made to catch up with the development of organ donation, aim at long-term goals, and promote development in a targeted manner. In this article, by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of united OPO in the development of organ donation, the establishment of a long-term operation mechanism of united OPO was analyzed from policy support, talent training, technology upgrading, quality control, ethical review, financial management and full-course supervision, aiming to provide reference for further development of united OPO in China.

Measurement tools and rationality evaluation of clinical research coordinator's work ability and workload / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM：To establish a project management tool to measure the working ability of research coordinators and the workload of clinical trial projects, and optimize medical institutions or clinical trial site management organization (SMO) allocation basis of clinical trial items by collecting the work stress and personal ability values of clinical coordinators. METHODS: Different words in the five major databases were searched and information on the work capacity and workload in the Subei People' s Hospital was collected. In addition, the paper analyzes the characteristics of coordinators working pressure source by SPSS26.0 statistical software and stability coefficient method. RESULTS: The study established the clinical research coordinator's personal ability - assessment tool (CRCPA-AT) and clinical trial project workload - assessment tool (CTPW-AT) to assess the coordinator's working ability and clinical trial workload. The two tools in this study were tested retrospectively in 61 coordinators and 144 clinical trials, 39 (66.1%) coordinators' projects were reasonably allocated, 18 (30.5%) coordinators were in the state of theoretical pressure and 12 (20.3%) coordinators had high actual pressure, which matched with the theoretical pressure. CONCLUSION: In this study, two scoring scales were established to quantify the working ability of the coordinators and the workload of clinical trial projects. Through the verification of the 61 coordinators and its management projects, the Likert5 point scoring method was used to analyze, more than 86.4% of the actual pressure of coordinators was consistent with the theoretical pressure quantified by the tool.

Volunteer Activities at the Hospice of Japan Baptist Hospital: Modified Volunteer Activities Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

At the Japan Baptist Hospital, approximately 70 volunteers are working mainly in hospice. Owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in February 2020, volunteer activities were suspended or severely curtailed at most hospices/palliative care units in Japan. We have been attempting to determine how to continue the volunteer activities, that are indispensable to the hospice care team approach. For example, volunteers’ artworks and potted plants provided patients with the opportunity to participate in seasonal events and feel socially connected without meeting in person. Additionally, we skillfully used web resources, that allowed us to hold staff meetings and bereavement meetings during the pandemic. The hospice staff participated in hospital COVID-19 countermeasure meetings to share and provide the importance of presence of volunteers for the best care of patients throughout the hospital. The “Guideline for Volunteer Activities According to the COVID-19 Outbreak Levels” was initiated in conjunction with the hospital’s infection control team to allow us to continue volunteer activities without spreading the infection.

Analysis of influencing factors of coaching efficiency of active breathing coordinator / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To analyze the time needed for active breathing coordinator (ABC) coaching in tumor patients, and to explore the influencing factors of coaching time.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 93 patients who received ABC treatment led by the same staff at the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from September 2019 to April 2021. The effects of education level, body mass index (BMI), age, gender and disease type on the couching time were analyzed. The coaching time was expressed as Mean ± SD. Independent sample t-test or rank sum test was used for comparison between different groups. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Statistical significance was observed in the effect of education level, BMI and age on coaching time. The coaching time in the higher education group was (9.74±3.80) min, significantly shorter than the (13.79±6.03) min ( P=0.001) of the primary education group and the (13.03±5.14) min ( P=0.021) of the middle education group. The couching time in the BMI<24 kg/m 2 group was (10.27±3.98) min, significantly shorter compared with (12.74±5.60) min ( P<0.001) in the BMI≥24 kg/m 2 group. The coaching time in the ≥60 years old group was (14.12±5.06) min, significantly longer than the (9.86±3.76) min ( P=0.002) of the ≤40 years old group and the (11.30±5.10) min ( P=0.021) of the 40-60 years old group. No significant differences were noted in the effect of gender, disease type and tumor staging on the coaching time. The coaching time in males and females was (13.54±5.89) and (10.94±4.61) min, respectively ( P=0.071). The coaching time of patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, mediastinal lymphoma and pancreatic cancer was (10.75±4.72), (15.30±5.57), (11.69±4.96), (9.86±3.61) and (12.15±0.07) min, respectively ( P=0.071). The coaching time of stageⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ patients was (10.35±4.37), (11.88±5.30), (9.52±2.51) and (14.32±5.27) min ( P=0.060). Conclusions:Patients with higher education level and BMI<24 kg/m 2 require less ABC coaching time. Patients aged≥60 years require longer coaching time. Gender, disease type and clinical stage exert no significant effect on the duration of coaching.

Status quo and countermeasures of job mobility among clinical research coordinator/clinical research associate in Chongqing / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To investigate the job mo bility of cl inical research coordinators （CRCs） and clinical research associates（CRAs）in Chongqing ，and to explore the feasible methods to improve the job stability of CRCs and CRAs. METHODS Questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the job mobility of 200 CRCs and CRAs working in 22 drug clinical trial institutions of Chongqing. The contents included basic information ，job mobility ，and reasons for mobility. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Totally 178 valid questionnaires were recovered ，with an efficient recovery rate of 89.00％，of which 110 were recovered from CRCs and 68 were recovered from CRAs. Among the surveyed CRCs and CRAs ，the age distribution was mainly 20-30 years old ，accounting for 87.27％ and 82.35％ of the respective population respectively. The overall educational degree of CRAs were slightly higher than those of CRCs. The majors and previous work experience were mainly related to medicine ；the proportion of other non-medicine-related professions who switched to CRCs was higher than that of CRAs. Totally 88.18％ had CRC working experience within 3 years；after having 1-＜3 years of work experience ，50.00％ had worked in 2 or more work units. Totally 64.70％ had CRA working experience within 3 years；after having 1-＜3 years of work experience ，70.37％ had worked in 2 or more work units. CRCs handled 5.38 items of clinical trials and completed 1.22 items on average ；CRAs handled 7.47 items and completes 2.04 items on average. Main reasons of CRCs and CRAs for job-hopping included low salary below expectations，few promotion opportunities ，and too much workload ，accounting for 83.64％/80.88％，45.45％/39.71％，31.82％/ 26.47％，respectively. As an important part of clinical trials ，CRCs and CRAs had high job mobility. It is suggested to establish a unified industry standard ，standardize the management rights and responsibilities of CRCs and CRAs ，optimize the working mode of CRCs and CRAs ，and improve professional identity and sense of belonging ，so as to improve the job stability of relevant

Uncertainty of active breathing coordinator technology for liver and lung cancer therapy using proton and heavy ion / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To study and analyze the uncertainty of active breathing coordinator (ABC) technology for liver and lung cancer therapy using proton and heavy ion.Methods:Before each treatment, each patient received a verification radiograph through the supporting imaging frame in treatment room. 200 verification radiographs were taken for 20 lung cancer patients and 200 for 20 liver cancer patients. Ipiodol markers, which were fixed relative to the location of the tumor, were injected into the liver cancer patients. The position changes of ipiodol markers could reflect the position changes of liver tumors. Verification radiographs were registered with the vertebral body as the main target, and the change value of tumor location was recorded.Results:For liver cancer cases, the values of position change in the left and right, head and foot, and dorsal abdomendirection were (-0.05± 0.28) cm, (0.15±0.33) cm, (-0.12±0.27) cm, and (-0.03±0.13) cm, (-0.05±0.14) cm and (0.02±0.16) cmfor lung cancer cases, respectively ( P=0.280, <0.001, <0.001). For liver cancer cases, the dispersionin the left and right, head and foot, and dorsal abdomendirectionwas (0.20±0.09) cm, (0.25±0.06) cm, (0.19±0.09) cm, and (0.09±0.03) cm, (0.10±0.03) cm and (0.13±0.03) cm for lung cancer cases, respectively ( P<0.001, <0.001, 0.008). The proportion of tumor location changes of≤5 mm in three directions in liver and lung cancer patientswas (92%, 83%, 93%) vs. (99%, 99%, 100%)( P=0.030, 0.002, 0.007). Conclusion:The application of ABC technology in the proton heavy ion therapy of lung and liver cancer has good reproducibility, and the stability of ABC technology in the treatment of lung cancer is better than that of liver cancer.

Discussion of data problems and improvement measures in clinical trials: Based on CRC work assessment in a grade A tertiary hospital / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:The Clinical Research Coordinator (CRC) is responsible for transcribing and verifying clinical trial data, and making recommendations to research institutions and sponsors on clinical trial data through analyzing and discussing data problems found in CRC work assessment, thereby improving the quality of clinical trials.Methods:Based on the ALOCA+ Principle, this study analyzed the data problems found in CRC assessment based on clinical trial quality conducted in a grade A tertiary hospital in Beijing from November 2018 to December 2021, and discussed improvement measures for clinical trial data problems.Results:Among the clinical trial data problems, data integrity is the most prominent, followed by accuracy.Conclusions:Research institutions and sponsors should improve the data management system and SOP, strengthen the training for clinical trial participants, optimize a trial plan and process design, strengthen supervision and inspection, and establish a risk-based quality control system, etc., so as to make clinical trial data conform to the international ALOCA+ principle and make clinical trial results accurate and reliable.

Construction and practice of CRC management system based on the whole process of clinical trial projects / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To introduce the construction and practice of the Clinical Research Coordinator(CRC) management system based on the whole process of the clinical trial project in Ninth People′s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.Methods:Constructed CRC management system with hospital features, including the management of admission, examination, training, emergency, and evaluation.Results:CRC management system was put into practice, and investigators, sponsors, and drug clinical trial institutions were highly satisfied with clinical trials using this system.Conclusions:With the gradual formation of CRC industry norms and consensus, the standardized management of CRC can promote the development of China′s pharmaceutical industry.

Analysis of conversion rate, organ procurement rate and influencing factors of organ donation: a single-center study in Fujian province / 器官移植

Objective To investigate the conversion rate, organ procurement rate and influencing factors of organ donation in a single center from Fujian province. Methods Baseline data of 182 potential organ donors of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from November 2018 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The conversion rate of organ donation, baseline data of successful organ donors and the causes of failure of organ donors were identified. The organ procurement rate and the influencing factors of the number of organ donations were analyzed. Results Among 182 potential organ donors, 46 cases were successful organ donors with a conversion rate of 25.3%. In addition, 136 cases failed to donate organ. The main causes included disagreement from family members (58.1%), insufficient evaluation time (24.3%) and ineligible for donation criteria (17.6%). A total of 212 large organs and tissues were donated by 46 organ donors, including 88 kidneys, 42 livers, 15 lungs, 19 hearts and 48 corneas, with 4.6 large organs and tissues, and 3.6 large organs for each donor. Age, sex, native place, organ donation area and blood type were the influencing factors of the number of large organ donations. Organ donation area was the influencing factor of the number of tissue donations. Conclusions The conversion rate of organ donation is relatively low in a single center from Fujian province. Disagreement from family members is the main cause. Suitable potential organ donors should be selected for organ donation to improve the conversion rate and organ procurement rate of organ donation.

Effectiveness analysis of the clinical research coordinators management carried out by drug clinical trial institutions / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To analyze the problems existing in the management mode of clinical research coordinator (CRC) in the new context, propose improvement measures and analyze the effectiveness of improvement.Methods:Four types of stakeholders related to CRC, including investigators, clinical research associates(CRA), institutional managers and human subjects were investigated in regular monthly questionnaire survey on the basis of CRC management comparasionat home and abroad. The new CRC management countermeasures implemented by our institution in July 2020 were taken as the time node, and the data from January to June 2020 were taken as the pre-implementation group, and the data from July to December 2020 were taken as the post-implementation group. Compare the monthly scores of CRCs′ work effect for 30 projects in the institution before and after the implementation of such countermeasures.Results:The scores of CRCs′ working effectiveness were improved after the implementation of CRC management countermeasures, whcih including standardizing the entry of CRC, updating of the training and assessment mechanisms, conducting regular communication meetings and developing reward and punishment measures. The scores from investigators increased by 20.17%, scores from CRAs increased by 11.54%, scores from institutional managers increased by 14.26%, scores from subjects increased by 10.64%, and the total scores increased by 14.13%( P<0.01). Conclusions:Countermeasures to optimize CRC management taken by drug clinical trial institutions can significantly improve CRCs′ working effectiveness in multiple dimensions.

Study on job satisfaction of human organ donation coordinators in Fujian province during the normalization period of epidemic prevention and control / 器官移植

Objective To analyze the status of job satisfaction of human organ donation coordinators in Fujian province during the normalization period of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) epidemic prevention and control and put forward corresponding suggestions. Methods The job satisfaction of human organ donation coordinators in Fujian province was investigated by online questionnaires. The correlation analysis of all dimensions of the overall job satisfaction of human organ donation coordinators was carried out, and the influencing factors of the overall job satisfaction were analyzed. Results The overall job satisfaction of human organ donation coordinators was (2.9±0.8), which was a relatively low score. The job promotion satisfaction was (4.7±1.3), (2.0±1.4) for the job pay and benefits satisfaction, and (2.0±1.3) for the job communication satisfaction. The job pay and benefits satisfaction was positively correlated with job communication satisfaction (r=0.653, P < 0.05). Multiple factors differed in job satisFfaction. The overall job satisfaction of human organ donation coordinators was associated with gender, nature of job, working years, average monthly income, age, educational background and nature of post. Conclusions The job satisfaction of human organ donation coordinators is relatively low in Fujian province during the normalization period of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control. Flexible and diverse methods should be employed from the government and hospital levels to further improve security policies for human organ donation coordinators.

Preliminary comparative study of active breathing coordinator and free breathing combined with bodyfix fixation device in stereotactic radiotherapy of thoracic tumors / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To compare the difference between active breathing coordinator (ABC) technique and free breathing (FB) mode combined with bodyfix stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) for chest tumors.Methods:40 thoracic tumor patients receiving SBRT were randomly selected and divided into the ABC technique group and FB model group. After fixation with bodyfix fixing devices in two groups, cone-beam CT (CBCT) scan images before each SBRT were matched with the plan reference images. The setup errors in the left-right (LR), superior-inferior (SI) and anterior-post (AP) directions were obtained. Then, the setup errors were corrected. SBRT was performed and split intra-fraction CBCT was conducted simultaneously, which was repeated until the end of treatment.Results:In the ABC technique group, the setup errors in the LR, SI and AP directions were (0.25±0.21) cm, (0.28±0.21) cm, and (0.21±0.24) cm, significantly less compared with (0.31±0.22) cm, (0.32±0.21) cm and (0.37±0.23) cm in the FB model group (all P<0.05). The V 30Gy of the heart, the V 20Gy and V 30Gy of the lung in the ABC technique group were significantly less than those in the FB model group (0.31%∶7.35%; 24.5%∶32.9%; 19.5%∶25.8%, all P<0.05). Conclusions:ABC technique combined with bodyfix fixation device may be superior to FB mode in SBRT for chest tumors, which remains to be validated by subsequent studies with large samples.

Organ donation: a novel discipline created by multi-disciplinary integration in the new era of China / 器官移植

The pilot work of organ donation after citizen's death has been implemented in China for 10 years. The number of organ donations was significantly increased from 34 cases in 2010 to more than 6 300 cases in 2018, accounting for over 15% of the global quantity of organ donations. China has established an organ donation and transplantation system that follows the international ethical standards, and conforms to our own social development stage and cultural tradition. Organ donation is a novel discipline created by multi-disciplinary integration in the new era of China, the process of which was reviewed from the perspectives of legal supervision, workflow, management mode, training and education mode, quality management and control system, organ donation in the epidemic of noval coronavirus pneumonia and application of innovative technologies, etc.

A survey for the core work activity of clinical research coordinator in China / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective Sorting out work activity of China Clinical Research Coordinator(CRC),defining the core work activity of China CRC,and making comparison with foreign CRC's.Providing basic data to establish training system and occupational skill assessment system for China CRC.Methods This is a cross-section design survey.The method for sampling will be the convenient sampling combine the snowball sampling.A self-administered questionnaire was introduced.Data managed by Excel and analyzed by SPSS.The frequency,percentage,mean and SD will used for the description of the CRC's demographics information and vocation characteristics.The core work activities of CRCs were defined with the method which used to define core work activities of CRCs in foreign literatures.Results Totally 227 questionnaires were returned,223 effective questionnaires were used for analysis,the effective rate is 98％.Around 89％ of CRCs are female.The mean age is 27.5±3.8 years.Around 72％ of CRCs owned bachelor degree,24％ are junior college degree,4％ are master degree.Around 43％ CRCs are nurse background,34％ are pharmacy background,16％ are medical background.Around 55％ of CRCs owned 3 000-5 000RMB income.More than 50％ of the CRCs had worked in this position for less than 1.5 years.Totally 10 items of work activities are defined as the core work activity of China CRCs,mainly focus on clinical trial data collection and management.Comparing to foreign CRC,the involvement of China CRC on CRF completion,query solution,study document management,assisting Clinical Research Associate (CRA) on monitoring,AE and SAE reporting are lower than foreign CRC,and the involvement on assisting investigator on patient screening,lab-test report collection and management,sample delivery and management,assisting investigator on patient visit arrangement are higher than foreign CRC.Conclusions The CRC in China has now involved in all work activities of the whole process of clinical trials,their core work activities mainly in the phase of clinical trial conduct,they play an important role in clinical trial operation.Due to the immature training system and the unclear job description,there are differences Between Foreign CRC and China CRC on working activity.