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1.
Biol. Res ; 48: 1-5, 2015. map, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-950777

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In order to understand feeding ecology and habitat use of coral reef fish, fatty acid composition was examined in five coral reef fishes, Thalassoma lunare, Lutjanus lutjanus, Abudefduf bengalensis, Scarus rivulatus and Scolopsis affinis collected in the Bidong Island of Malaysian South China Sea. RESULTS: Proportions of saturated fatty acids (SAFA) ranged 57.2% 74.2%, with the highest proportions in fatty acids, the second highest was monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) ranged from 21.4% to 39.0% and the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was the lowest ranged from 2.8% to 14.1%. Each fatty acid composition differed among fishes, suggesting diverse feeding ecology, habitat use and migration during the fishes' life history in the coral reef habitats. CONCLUSIONS: Diets of the coral fish species might vary among species in spite of that each species are living sympatrically. Differences in fatty acid profiles might not just be considered with respect to the diets, but might be based on the habitat and migration.


Assuntos
Animais , Ácidos Graxos/química , Recifes de Corais , Peixes/fisiologia , Fígado/química , Ecossistema , Ácido Palmítico/análise , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Conteúdo Gastrointestinal/química , Malásia
2.
Rev. biol. trop ; 55(3/4): 825-837, Sep.-Dec. 2007. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-637630

RESUMO

Effect of herbivorous and corallivorous fishes on the survival of transplanted corals in the Colombian Caribbean. To examine the effects of herbivorous and corallivorous fishes on the survival of transplanted colonies of Montastraea annularis, Diploria labyrinthiformis and Porites astreoides, both transplanted and native colonies were full-cage enclosed and compared to open (uncaged) colonies, while caging effects were assessed with a partial-cage (roof treatment). To evaluate if transplant stress increased the corals availability to fish predation, comparisons of fish foraging intensity among transplanted versus native colonies were made. To determine the density of herbivorous and corallivorous fishes on the transplants area visual censuses were made. The transient herbivorous fishes (Scaridae and Acanthuridae) were the most abundant fishes, and the corallivorous fishes (mainly Chaetodontidae) were the scarcest. A negative effect of territorial herbivorous fishes on M. annularis transplants survival was observed, mainly early on the study. Fish foraging intensity was similar on transplanted and native colonies, but differed among coral species, being lowest on D. labyrinthiformis. Fast macroalgal growth inside full-cages due to reduced fish grazing was observed. This caused partial bleaching and partial mortality in some colonies, mainly of P. astreoides. No significant difference in healthy tissue percentages among full-cage and uncaged colonies on M. annularis and D. labyrinthiformis was found, while in P. astreoides there were evident differences. The results indicate a damselfish negative effect on transplants survival early on the study, which can change depending on the fish and coral species involved. Results also indicate a fish grazing positive effect, caused by the reduction of coral-algae competition pressure, mainly on P. astreoides. Parrotfishes seem to affect corals survival both negatively through direct biting, and positively by controlling algal growth. Overall, coral transplant success was almost unaffected by fish foraging activity although several differences among coral species were obvious in relation to colony shape. Additionally, the interaction among herbivorous fish grazing and coral-algae competition balance appear important in determining transplant survival. Rev. Biol. Trop. 55 (3-4): 825-837. Epub 2007 December, 28.


Para investigar el efecto de los peces herbívoros y coralívoros en la supervivencia de colonias trasplantadas de Montastraea annularis, Diploria labyrinthiformis y Porites astreoides se encerraron colonias trasplantadas y nativas en jaulas y se compararon con colonias libres (control), mientras los efectos del encierro fueron evaluados con un tratamiento de techos. Para saber si el estrés debido al trasplante aumentó la vulnerabilidad de los corales a la depredación por peces, se comparó la intensidad de forrajeo por peces entre colonias trasplantadas y nativas. Se realizaron censos visuales para determinar las densidades de las poblaciones de peces herbívoros y coralívoros en la zona de trasplante. Los peces herbívoros móviles (Scaridae y Acanthuridae) fueron los más abundantes, los peces coralívoros (principalmente Chaetodontidae) fueron los más escasos. Se observó un efecto negativo de los peces herbívoros territoriales en la supervivencia de los trasplantes de M. annularis, principalmente al inicio del estudio. La presión de forrajeo fue similar en colonias trasplantadas y nativas, pero fue diferente entre especies, siendo D. labyrinthiformis la menos depredada. En los tratamientos de colonias protegidas en jaulas se observó un crecimiento acelerado de macroalgas debido a la reducción del forrajeo por peces herbívoros. Esto causó blanqueamiento parcial y mortalidad parcial en algunas colonias, principalmente de P. astreoides. En M. annularis y D. labyrinthiformis no se observaron diferencias significativas en los porcentajes de tejido sano de las colonias entre los tratamientos de jaulas y de control, pero sí en P. astreoides. Los resultados sugieren un efecto negativo de los peces herbívoros territoriales en la supervivencia de las colonias durante los primeros días del trasplante; este efecto puede variar dependiendo de las especies de peces y corales involucradas. Los resultados también indican un efecto positivo del forrajeo por peces, debido a la reducción de la presión competitiva alga-coral, sobretodo en P. astreoides. Los scáridos parecen afectar la supervivencia de los corales tanto de manera negativa, al morder en el tejido vivo, como de manera positiva al controlar el crecimiento de las macroalgas. En general, el éxito del transplante de coral fue poco afectado por la actividad de forrajeo de los peces, aunque algunas diferencias entre las especies de coral parecen estar relacionadas con la forma de las colonias. La interacción entre el forrajeo de peces hervíboros y el balance competitivo alga-coral puede ser importante en determinar la supervivencia al transplante.


Assuntos
Animais , Antozoários/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ecossistema , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Peixes/fisiologia , Região do Caribe , Colômbia , Peixes/classificação , Densidade Demográfica , Dinâmica Populacional
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