RESUMO
Objective: To screen the differential ingredients between crude and wine-processed Corni Fructus and determin their content. Methods: An integrated strategy using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem quadrupole time-of- flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) and the chemometric approach was applied to compare the global chemical profile of crude and wine-processed Corni Fructus. Then, the main differential ingredients were quantified by UPLC-PDA. Results: The chemical profiling of wine-processed Corni Fructus was significantly different. Ten compounds could be considered as characteristic chemical markers for distinguishing crude and wine-processed Corni Fructus, including 5-hydroxymethyl furfuraldehyde (5-HMF), gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, morroniside, loganic acid, sweroside, cornin, dihydroquercetin, loganin and cornoside. A new UPLC-PDA quantitative method for analyzing simultaneously the above ten compounds in wine-processed Corni Fructus was established. The results of methodology investigation showed that the ten components were well linear within the investigation range (r ≥ 0.999 7). Compared with the crude Corni Fructus, the content of seven components were increased, including gallic acid, 5-HMF, loganin, morroniside, cornin, sweroside and dihydroquercetin, and the other three components in wine-processed Corni Fructus were decreased. Conclusion: The differential ingredients obtained by chemometric-based approach can be used to distinguish crude and wine-processed Corni Fructus. The determination method of wine-processed Corni Fructus established is accurate and reliable, which can be used for the quality control of Corni Fructus.
RESUMO
Phosphorylated-cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (Phospho-CREB) has an important role in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia. We isolated the iridoid glycoside cornin from the fruit of Verbena officinalis L, investigated its effects against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo, and elucidated its potential mechanism in vitro. Effects of cornin on cell viability, as well as expression of phospho-CREB and phospho-Akt in hypoxic H9c2 cells in vitro, and myocardial I/R injury in vivo, were investigated. Cornin attenuated hypoxia-induced cytotoxicity significantly in H9c2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of H9c2 cells with cornin (10 µM) blocked the reduction of expression of phospho-CREB and phospho-Akt in a hypoxic condition. Treatment of rats with cornin (30 mg/kg, iv) protected them from myocardial I/R injury as indicated by a decrease in infarct volume, improvement in hemodynamics, and reduction of severity of myocardial damage. Cornin treatment also attenuated the reduction of expression of phospho-CREB and phospho-Akt in ischemic myocardial tissue. These data suggest that cornin exerts protective effects due to an increase in expression of phospho-CREB and phospho-Akt.