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Abstract Objective: The objective of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum Cystatin C in acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates Sources: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WanFang Database were searched to retrieve the literature related to the diagnostic value of Cystatin C for neonatal AKI from inception to May 10, 2021. Subsequently, the quality of included studies was determined using the QUADAS-2 tool. Stata 15.0 statistical software was used to calculate the combined sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). Additionally, meta-regression analysis and subgroup analysis contributed to explore the sources of heterogeneity Summary of the findings: Twelve articles were included. The pooled sensitivity was 0.84 (95%CI: 0.74-0.91), the pooled specificity was 0.81 (95%CI: 0.75-0.86), the pooled PLR was 4.39 (95%CI: 3.23-5.97), the pooled NLR was 0.19 (95%CI: 0.11-0.34), and the DOR was 22.58 (95%CI: 10.44-48.83). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.88 (95%CI: 0.85-0.90). No significant publication bias was identified (p > 0.05).
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Objective To evaluate the predictive values of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), urine NGAL, serum cystatin C (Cys-C) and serum creatinine (Scr) for early delayed graft function (DGF) in kidney transplant recipients. Methods Clinical data, blood and urine samples of 159 kidney transplant recipients were collected. All recipients were divided into the DGF group (n=42) and immediate graft function (IGF) group (n=117) according to the incidence of DGF. Clinical data of all recipients were analyzed. The changes of serum NGAL, urine NGAL, Cys-C and Scr levels were statistically compared between two groups. The predictive values of different markers for early DGF were assessed. Results Among 159 kidney transplant recipients, DGF occurred in 42 cases with an incidence rate of 26.4%. There were statistically significant differences in donor age, cold ischemia time of donor kidney and complement-dependent cytoxicity (CDC) between the two groups(all P < 0.05). Within postoperative 2 weeks, the serum NGAL levels in the DGF group were higher than those in the IGF group (all P < 0.05). The Cys-C, Scr and urine NGAL levels in the DGF group were higher compared with those in the IGF group within 3 weeks after kidney transplantation(all P < 0.001). Serum NGAL, urine NGAL, Cys-C and Scr levels had certain predictive values for early DGF in kidney transplant recipients. Cys-C yielded the highest predictive value with a cut-off value of 4.73 mg/L, sensitivity of 0.833, specificity of 0.812 and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.895. Conclusions Cys-C has higher predictive value for early DGF in kidney transplant recipients compared with serum NGAL, urine NGAL and Scr.
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Objective::To observe the effect and mechanism of modified Si Junzitang combined with heat-sensitive moxibustion on interleukin-17(IL-17), interleukin-22(IL-22), interleukin-1α(IL-1α) and serum cystatin C(Cys-C )in serum and exhale breath condensate(EBC) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at stable stage(COPD, Qi deficiency of lung and spleen). Method::Totally 120 cases of COPD(Qi deficiency of lung and spleen) treated in pulmonary department and thermal moxibustion department of Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of traditional Chinese medicine from January 2019 to June 2019 were included and randomly divided into traditional Chinese medicine group, heat-sensitive moxibustion group and control group. The patients in traditional Chinese medicine group were treated with Si Junzitang, the patients in heat-sensitive Moxibustion group were treated with heat-sensitive moxibustion in addition to traditional Chinese medicine group, and the patients in control group were treated with placebo. All of the 3 groups were treated with oxygen and bronchodilator according to the guidelines. All groups received 3 consecutive courses of treatment, 20 days per course. After 3 courses of treatment, the clinical efficacy of the three groups, the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the forced expiratory volume in the estimated value in one second (FEV1%), the forced vital capacity (FVC), and IL-17, IL-22, IL-1α in serum and exhale breath condensate (EBC) were measured. Result::There were no statistically significant difference in general clinical data, lung function levels (FEV1, FEV1%, FVC), serum and EBC levels of IL-17, IL-22, IL-1α and Cys-C in the first three groups. The total clinical effective rate of traditional Chinese medicine group was better than the control group (P<0.05), the heat-sensitive moxibustion group was better than the traditional Chinese medicine group (P<0.05) and significantly better than the control group (P<0.01). Compared with the patients before treatment, the level of lung function was improved, while IL-17, IL-22, IL-1α and Cys-C in serum and EBC were reduced(P<0.05). The traditional Chinese medicine group was superior to that in the control group (P<0.05), the heat-sensitive moxibustion group was superior to that in the traditional Chinese medicine group (P<0.05) and significantly superior to that in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion::Modified Si Junzitang combined with heat-sensitive moxibustion has an anti-inflammatory effect on COPD by stimulating bullishness of human body, improving body immunity, inhibiting inflammatory cytokines, reducing levels of inflammation cytokines IL-17, IL-22, IL-1α, and chronic inflammation markers serum Cys-C and inflammatory reaction, increasing the lung capacity, improving ventilation function and pulmonary function, so as to effectively relieve chest tightness asthma and other symptoms in COPD patients, and improve the clinical efficacy.
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Shortage of donor kidney is a major problem in renal transplantation. Accurate evaluation of donor kidney function may reduce the organ rejection rate and save more patients with uremia. Compared with pathological examination, detection of circulating molecular markers is more convenient in clinical application. In this article, the research progress on the markers of kidney injury, such as serum creatinine, serum cystatin C (Cys-C), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) and interleukin -18 (IL-18), were briefly reviewed.
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Objective: To observe the effect and mechanism of modified Buzhong Yiqi Tang and pursed-lips breathing (PLB) on serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-6, IL-1β and serum cystatin C (Cys-C) in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at the stable stage. Method: Totally 120 cases of COPD treated at Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2017 to March 2018 conformed to the inclusion criteria, and were randomly divided into treatment group (60 cases) and control group (60 cases). Cases of control group received Tiotropium (18 μg/time, qd). In addition to the therapy of control group, cases of treatment group were also given Buzhong Yiqi Tang and PLB. Both groups were treated for 6 months. Percent of forced expiratory volume in one second in predicted value (FEV1%), ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), six-minute walk distance (6MWD),TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β and Cys-C were compared between both groups. Result: After treatment, the clinical efficacy rate of observation group was 93.33%, which was evidently higher than 86.67%of control group (Pa,IL-8, IL-6,IL-1β, Cys-C but increases in FEV1%, FEV1/FVC (Pa, IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β, Cys-C but increases in FEV1%, FEV1/FVC (PConclusion: Buzhong Yiqi Tang and PLB has an anti-inflammatory effect on COPD by reducing levels of inflammation cytokines TNF-α, IL-8,IL-6, IL-1β and chronic inflammation markers serum Cys-C and inflammatory reaction, and alleviating airflow obstruction, promoting the levels of FEV1%, FEV1/FVC, pulmonary function control inflammatory factors, so as to improve pulmonary function and the quality of life in patients with COPD.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of TCM enema combined with continuous renal replacement therapy on the treatment of severe acute renal injury. Methods A total of 100 patients of severe AKI patients were divided into 2 groups by random digital table, each of which was 50 cases. The control group was treated with CRRT, and the observation group cooperated with the traditional Chinese medicine enema on the basis of the control group. The 2 groups were treated continuously for 14 d. The renal function and urine volume recovery time were observed; 24 h urinary protein and 24 h urinary albumin excretion rate were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer.The blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), serum cystatin C (Cys C) were detected. And theclinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 70.0％ (35/50) and the control group was 50.0％ (25/50). The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant. After treatment, the levels of serum BUN (6.51 ± 1.07 mol/L vs. 8.22 ± 2.31 mol/L, t=4.750), SCr (91.29 ± 21.05 μmol/L vs. 108.67 ± 19.34 μmol/L, t=4.299) and Cys C (0.85 ± 0.33 mg/L vs. 1.03 ± 0.45 mg/L, t=2.281) in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The urinary albumin excretion rate of 24 h urine protein (115.37 ± 26.15 mg/24 h vs. 167.55 ± 38.66 mg/24 h, t=7.905) and 24 h urine (198.41 ± 33.24 μg/min vs. 226.19 ± 38.35 μg/min, t=3.871) was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01). Conclusions TCM enema combined with CRRT can promote the recovery of renal function in patients with severe AKI, can effectively delay the progression of renal injury.
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Objective To investigate the effects of combination therapy with ACEI and aldosterone receptor antagonist on Cys-C and urinary microprotein regulation.Methods Patients were randomly divided into two groups.The control group received benazepine hydrochloride only.The experimental group received benazepine and spironolactone treatment.The blood pressure,renal function,24 h urinary protein,Cys-C,GFR,urinary microprotein and the correlation of GFR with Cys-C and urinary microprotein were recorded.Results There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in blood pressure(P>0.05).After treatment,the renal function of the experimental group was significantly improved compared to that of the control group.The 24 h urine protein,Cys-C and urinary microprotein were significantly lower in the experimental group than the control group(P<0.05).GFR was negatively correlated with Cys-C and urinary microprotein.Conclusion The com-bination therapy of ACEI and aldosterone receptor antagonist can improve renal function and reduce 24 h hematuria.GFR fil-tration ability was significantly improved with the reduction of Cys-C and urinary microprotein.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of sitagliptin combined with benazepril in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN). METHODS:Sixty DN patients admitted to our hospital during Sept. 2014-Jun. 2015 were divided into sitagliptin group,benazepril group,drug combination group according to random number table,with 20 cases in each group. Based on routine treatment,sitagliptin group was given sitagliptin 100 mg orally,qd;benazepril group was given Benazepril 10 mg orally,qd;drug combination group was given sitagliptin 100 mg+benazepril 10 mg orally,qd. The drug dosage would be doubled if the blood pressure of patients in 3 groups had not yet reached the standard. Treatment course of 3 groups lasted for 12 weeks. The levels of 24 h urine protein,IL-6 and Cys-C were measured in 3 groups before and after treatment. Clinical efficacies and the occurrence of ADR were observed. RESULTS:Total response rate of drug combination group(90.00%)was significantly higher than those of sitagliptin group (65.00%)and benazepril group(70.00%);there was statistically significance(P0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 3 groups during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Both sitagliptin and benazepril can decrease the levels of 24 h urine protein,IL-6 and Cys-C,while drug combination shows better effect and clinical response rate,and does not influence the safety of drug use.
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Objective To investigate the changesof glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)in type 2 diabetic patients with normal serum creatinine(Scr)and serum cystatin C(Cys-C). Methods A total of 166 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted into our hospital from January 2014 to September 2015 were enrolled in this study and divided into three groups according to the level of Scr and Cys-C:T2DM patients with normal Scr and Cys-C (normal group,n =109),T2DM patients with normal Scr and high level of Cys-C (high Cys-C group,n=40),and T2DM patients with high levels of Scr and Cys-C (high Scr Cys-C group,n=17). Normal group were further divided into two subgroups according to the level of eGFR:eGFR≥90 ml/(min·1.73 m2 )subgroup and eGFR<90 ml/(min·1.73 m2 )subgroup.Clinical characteristics and laboratory datawere collected in all subjects. eGFR were measured by 99mTc-DTPA nephro-dynamic imaging. Results The average value of eGFR were significantly different in normal group(82.68±13.45)ml/(min·1.73 m2 ),high Cys-C group(67.93 ±14.01)ml/(min·1.73 m2 )and high Scr,Cys-C group (50.54±15.10)ml/(min·1.73 m2 ). In normal group,the proportion of patients with eGFR equal or greater than 90 ml/(min·1.73 m2 )was 26.6%,patients with eGFR ranged from 60 to 89 ml/(min·1.73 m2 )was 72.5%,patients with eGFR ranged from 30 to 59 ml/(min·1.73 m2 )was 0.9%. After follow-up for three months,in normal group,the proportion of patients with CKD stage1 was 4.6%,patients with CKD stage 2 was 34.9%,and patients with CKD stage 3 was 0.9%.Multivariate logistic regressionanalysis in normal group showed that female,older age,higher TC,lower LVEF were risk factors for eGFR decline (P <0.05). Conclusion In T2DM patients with normal Scr and Cys-C, 73.4% of them had mild to moderate eGFR decline,and 40.4%entered CKD stage in this study.eGFR should be evaluated especially in T2DM patients with risk factors including female,older age,higher TC and lower LVEF.
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Objective:To evaluate acute kidney injure ( AKI) induced by vancomycin in elderly patients by the determination of serum C ( Cys-C) , creatinine ( Cr) and urine kidney damage factor 1 ( KIM-1 ) in order to provide theoretical evidence for clinical pharmacists helping clinicians make individualized dosage regimen. Methods:A retrospective collection of 48 elderly patients admitted to ICU in our hospital from July 2016 to May 2017 treated with vancomycin for MRSA blood flow infection was carried out. The basic values of serum Cys-C, Cr and urine KIM-1 were determined before the treatment of vancomycin and 6, 12, 24h and 48h after the drug use. According to the AKI diagnostic criteria, the patients were divided into the AKI experimental group and the control group. The se-rum Cr, Cys-C and urine KIM-1 were compared between the groups after the drug use and the clinical diagnostic values of Cys-C and KIM-1 were assessed by the working characteristic curve ROC of the subjects. Results:Totally 32 cases (66. 67%) of patients were with AKI induced by vancomycin at 48h after the administration. Compared with that of the control group, the serum Cr, Cys-C and u-rine KIM-1 was significantly higher respectively at 48h, 24h and 12h after the drug use in the AKI experimental group, and the differ-ences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0. 05). Using serum Cys-C, Cr and urine KIM-1 as the AKI diagnosis, the number of AKI at 12h after the drug use had statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the KIM-1 curve of urine was 0. 797 with 95% confidence interval of 0. 647-0. 947), and the area under the serum Cys-c curve was 0. 582 with 95% confidence interval of 0. 364-0. 799. Conclusion: Compared with the traditional kidney damage markers Cr, serum Cys-C and urine KIM-1 can earlier predict renal function in elderly patients to provide reliable basis for early evalu-ation of renal function, which is helpful to the timely adjustment of vancomycin dosage regimen by clinicians assisted by clinical phar-macists for elderly patients.
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Objective To study the predicting value of plasma BNP and serum Cys C on heart failure caused by arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy(AVRC).Methods Thirty-two patients with AVRC were chosen.The plasma BNP and serum Cys C were tested.All subjects were followed up for 18 months to observe the happening of heart failure.Results The levels of plasma BNP and serum Cys C at admission in ARVC patients showed the increasing trend along with the decrease of heart function,and the difference among the groups with different heart functions were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that plasma BNP(OR=4.118) and serum Cys C (OR=6.358)were the independent predicting factors for heart failure in AVRC patients.When BNP and Cys C had the cutoff values of 732.45 ng/L and 2.16 mg/L,their sensitivity and specificity for predicting heart failure were highest.In the survival analysis with the heart failure occurrefice at follow up as the endpoint outcome,the survival rate of the low risk BNP group (≤732.45 ng/L)was higher than that of the high risk BNP group(P＜0.01),and the survival rate of the low risk Cys c group (≤2.16 mg/L)was higher than that of the high risk Cys C group(P＜0.01).Conclusion The plasma BNP and serum Cys C levels had highere predicting value on heart failure caused by AVRC.
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Objective To study the predicting value of plasma BNP and serum Cys C on heart failure caused by arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy(AVRC).Methods Thirty-two patients with AVRC were chosen.The plasma BNP and serum Cys C were tested.All subjects were followed up for 18 months to observe the happening of heart failure.Results The levels of plasma BNP and serum Cys C at admission in ARVC patients showed the increasing trend along with the decrease of heart function,and the difference among the groups with different heart functions were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that plasma BNP(OR=4.118) and serum Cys C (OR=6.358)were the independent predicting factors for heart failure in AVRC patients.When BNP and Cys C had the cutoff values of 732.45 ng/L and 2.16 mg/L,their sensitivity and specificity for predicting heart failure were highest.In the survival analysis with the heart failure occurrefice at follow up as the endpoint outcome,the survival rate of the low risk BNP group (≤732.45 ng/L)was higher than that of the high risk BNP group(P＜0.01),and the survival rate of the low risk Cys c group (≤2.16 mg/L)was higher than that of the high risk Cys C group(P＜0.01).Conclusion The plasma BNP and serum Cys C levels had highere predicting value on heart failure caused by AVRC.
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Objective To study the expression and significance of urinary albumin/creatinine (UAlb/Cr) ,glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ,serum creatinine (SCr) and cystatin C (Cys-C) in H-type hypertension patients with early renal damage .Methods Totally 130 cases of H-type hypertensive patients from July 2015 to June 2016 in this hospital was conducted .According to glomer-ular filtration rate (GFR) ,those patients were divided into normal renal function group (n=62 ,GFR≥90 mL/L) and kidney dam-age group (n=73 ,GFR<90 mL/L) .Cys-C was detected by latex turbidimetry and UAlb/Cr ,SCr was detected by creatine oxidase method ,MDRD were used to calculate eGFR .The expression of UAlb/Cr ,eGFR ,SCr and Cys-C were analyzed ,and the risk factors of UAlb/Cr and eGFR were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis .Results The levels of UAlb/Cr ,SCr and Cys-C in normal re-nal function group were lower than those in kidney damage group (P<0 .05) ,and the level of eGFR was significantly higher than that of kidney damage group (P<0 .05) .Age ,course of disease ,Hcy ,DBP were closely related to UAlb/Cr(P<0 .05) .Age ,course of disease ,Hcy were closely related to eGFR (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The expression of UAlb/Cr ,eGFR ,SCr and Cys-C is closely related to H-type hypertension patients with early kidney damage .
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Objective To study the expression and significance of urinary albumin/creatinine (UAlb/Cr) ,glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ,serum creatinine (SCr) and cystatin C (Cys-C) in H-type hypertension patients with early renal damage .Methods Totally 130 cases of H-type hypertensive patients from July 2015 to June 2016 in this hospital was conducted .According to glomer-ular filtration rate (GFR) ,those patients were divided into normal renal function group (n=62 ,GFR≥90 mL/L) and kidney dam-age group (n=73 ,GFR<90 mL/L) .Cys-C was detected by latex turbidimetry and UAlb/Cr ,SCr was detected by creatine oxidase method ,MDRD were used to calculate eGFR .The expression of UAlb/Cr ,eGFR ,SCr and Cys-C were analyzed ,and the risk factors of UAlb/Cr and eGFR were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis .Results The levels of UAlb/Cr ,SCr and Cys-C in normal re-nal function group were lower than those in kidney damage group (P<0 .05) ,and the level of eGFR was significantly higher than that of kidney damage group (P<0 .05) .Age ,course of disease ,Hcy ,DBP were closely related to UAlb/Cr(P<0 .05) .Age ,course of disease ,Hcy were closely related to eGFR (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The expression of UAlb/Cr ,eGFR ,SCr and Cys-C is closely related to H-type hypertension patients with early kidney damage .
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Objective To investigate the combined detection of serum cystatin C (Cys‐C ) and homocysteine (Hcy) for the diagnosis of early renal damage in diabetic children. Methods Data of 97 cases of diabetic children were collected in our hospital. According to the levels of 24 hUAER ,diabetic children were divided into <30 mg group (n=34) ,30~299 mg group (n=42) ,and ≥300 mg group (n=21). 40 cases of healthy children were selected as control group (NC). Laboratory indexes were compared among different groups. The critical values of Cys‐C and Hcy in early diagnosis of renal damage were calculated by receiver operating curve (ROC). Results The levels of Cys‐C and Hcy in <30 mg group were significantly higher than in NC group [Cys‐C (1.04 ± 0.26 ) vs(0.79 ± 0.21 ) mg/L ,Hcy (13.09 ± 2.15) vs(8.57 ± 1.24)μmol/L ,respectively ,P< 0.05]. When Cys‐C cutoff point took 1.02 mg/L ,the diagnosis sensitivity for diabetic nephropathy diagnosis was 86.09% and the specificity was 83.28% ,the maximum diagnostic index reached 1.6937 ,ROC area under the curve was 0.841.When Hcy threshold took 13.00 μmol/L ,the sensitivity was 83.98% and the specificity was 79.24% ,with the maximum diagnostic index 1.6322 and ROC area 0.795.Cys‐C combined with Hcy had a sensitivity of 92.38% and a specificity of 89.17% ,with the maximum diagnostic index 1.764 and ROC area 0.928. Conclusion Cys‐C combined with Hcy detection for early diagnosis of renal injury in diabetic children has important clinical value.
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Objective To explore the predictive value of detection of serum Cys -C and hs -CRP in cardio-vascular adverse events of patients with primary hypertension.Methods 138 patients with hypertension were selected and their serum Cys -C and hs -CRP levels were detected.Patients were given conventional treatment and blood pressure was controlled stably.Two years later,patients were divided into stable group(96 cases)and progression group(42 cases)according to the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events,additionally,42 people received physi-cal examination in corresponding period were selected as control group.The levels of serum Cys -C and hs -CRP were detected again.The detection results and complications were analyzed retrospectively.Results For initial detec-tion,the levels of serum Cys -C[(0.87 ±0.39)mg/L,(1.16 ±0.47)mg/L]and hs -CRP[(1.79 ±0.56)mg/L, (2.26 ±0.91)mg/L]in the stable and progression groups were higher than the control group[(0.59 ±0.32)mg/L, (0.68 ±0.37)mg/L],and those in the progression group were higher than the stable group(t =2.162,3.904, 5.237,6.441,all P 0.05),but the levels in the progression group increased obviously(t =2.146,3.144,all P <0.01).Conclusion The levels of serum Cys -C and hs -CRP were closely related to disease progression and prognosis.And the detection of them can predict the progression of disease,conductive to taking intervening measures for the early stage.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum Cystatin C and 24 h urine microalbumin quantitative exami-nation in the early gestational diabetes kidney.Methods Chose 110 cases of patients from 37 to 40 weeks during pregnancy with gestational diabetes.According to the GFR,patients were divided into GFR moderate decline group A (30 ml/min/1.73m2 ≤GFR0.05).There was positive correlation between levels serum Cys C and urine microalbumin in group A and B (r=0.756,0.725,t=5.209,4.835,P <0.01,respectively).The sensitivity of Cys C and urine microalbumin were 95.2% and 90.5%,sensitivity of the combination of Cys C and urine microalbumin was 100% (χ2 =8.24,7.08,P <0.05,respectively).Conclusion As sensitive indicators of gestational diabetes in the early renal damage stage,joint detection of Cys C and urine microalbumin is of great significance for diagnosis and monitoring of diabe-tes in the early renal damage stage.
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Objective Through observing the changes of serum creatinine (Scr),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),and Cystatin C (Cys C) to prove whether the treatment of patients of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in V period with Jiawei-qidan-tangshen decoction is really effective.Methods 60 patients of DN in V period were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group by random number table method,with 30 patients in each group.Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),serum creatinine (Scr),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),and Cystatin C (Cys C) were detected before and after the treatment.Results 12 weeks after treatment,Scr,Cys C (19.19±37.06) μmol/L,(1.81 ±0.69)mg/L had significantly declined in the treatment group (P＜0.001),and had no significant change (147.25±62.70)μmol/L,(2.04± 1.20)mg/L in the control group (P＞0.05).Total effective rate of Scr and Cys C was 73.33％ and 83.33％ in the treatment group and 40％ and 53.33％ in the control group respectively,both showing significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusion It is effective to treat patients of DN in V period with,Jiawei-qidan-tangshen decoction,and have no obvious side effects.
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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the best single measure of overall function of kidney. GFR is routinely assessed by measuring the concentration of endogenous serum markers such as blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (SCr). Although widely used these endogenous marker are not ideal and do not perform optimally in certain clinical settings. The purpose of this review is to critically review the potential utility of Cys C as a new promosing markers of GFR and to review whether Cys C had any advantage over routinely used endogenous marker in different population group.
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Objective To investigate the evaluation of serum cystatin C and treating efficacy of enalapril for contrast induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary.intervention.Methods 86 patients who need coronary angiography or coronary stents implantation by skin were divided into observation group(43 cases)and control group(43 cases)randomly.The fasting venous blood was extracted and in which Cys-C and Scr were tested.All the patients were given water therapy,and enalapril was added in observation group.Diversification of concentration of Cys-C and Scr and efficacy of enalapril were recorded.Results There was no difference of Cys-C and Scr in serum and eGFR before and after operation(all P＞0.05),and the concentration of BUN was(3.96±0.89)mmol/L,which was lower after operation(P＜0.05),and the rate of CIN incidence was 2.33 ％(1 case).The concentration of Cys-C in serum was(18.4±0.58)mg/L,which was significantly higher than preoperation(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference of Scr,eGFR and BUN before and after operation(P＞0.05),and the rate of CIN incidence was 11.63％(5 cases).Conclusion Cys-C was more sensitive in early detection for contrast induced nephropathy and more convenient.The rate of CIN incidence could be decreased by using enalapril.