Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Risk Factors for Dementia

Dementia, characterized by a progressive cognitive decline and a cumulative inability to behave independently, is highly associated with other diseases. Various cardiovascular disorders, such as coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation, are well-known risk factors for dementia. Currently, increasing evidence suggests that sex factors may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diseases, including cardiovascular disease and dementia. Recent studies show that nearly two-thirds of patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease are women; however, the incidence difference between men and women remains vague. Therefore, studies are needed to investigate sex-specific differences, which can help understand the pathophysiology of dementia and identify potential therapeutic targets for both sexes. In the present review, we summarize sex differences in the prevalence and incidence of dementia by subtypes. This review also describes sex differences in the risk factors of dementia and examines the impact of risk factors on the incidence of dementia in both sexes.

Trinidad and Tobago: A decade of dementia research / Trinidad e Tobago: uma década de pesquisa dementia

In 2003, academic staff members at The University of the West Indies Faculty of Medical Sciences St Augustine Trinidad and Tobago combined their expertise to make strides in Alzheimers and Dementia research in Trinidad and Tobago. Dr. Nelleen Baboolal, Dr. Gershwin Davis and Professor Amanda McRae began developing a project that has produced significant results by examining not only the epidemiology of dementia, but the associated risk factors; caregiver burden and ultimately establishing biomarkers for the disease. This review is an account of our results from a decade of dementia research and how they are contributing toward mitigating the dementia tsunami in Trinidad and Tobago.

Em 2003, os membros da equipe acadêmica da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas St Augustine, da Universidade de West Indies, Trinidad e Tobago, combinaram seus conhecimentos para promover avanços nas pesquisas sobre doença de Alzheimer e demência em Trinidad e Tobago. Dr. Nelleen Baboolal, Dr. Gershwin Davis e Professora Amanda McRae começaram a desenvolver um projeto que tem produzido resultados significativos através da análise não só da epidemiologia da demência, mas também dos fatores de risco associados, sobrecarga do cuidador e, ultimamente, estabelecendo biomarcadores para a doença. Esta avaliação representa um relato de nossos resultados de uma década de pesquisa demência e como eles estão contribuindo para mitigar o tsunami de demência em Trinidad e Tobago.