Comparison of two types of disinfectants on the disinfection of the fixed end of the table suction pipe in the oral comprehensive treatment table / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To compare the disinfection effects of 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant and 3% hydrogen peroxide disinfectant applied to the threaded plastic hose at the fixed end of the saliva suction pipe of the oral comprehensive treatment table after diagnosis and treatment of patients in stomatology to provide a basis for clinical cleaning and disinfection.@* Methods @#The fixed ends of saliva suction pipes of 12 comprehensive treatment tables in the dental pulp department and maxillofacial surgery were selected as the research objects. The absorption was randomly divided into two groups and a control group: experimental group 1 with 500 mg/L chlorine disinfectants and experiment 2 group with 3% hydrogen peroxide disinfectant rinse disinfection and the control group with 0.9% sterile saline flushing pipe once a week for four weeks. Before and after washing and disinfection, samples from the inner wall of the threaded plastic hose interface were collected for bacterial culture and colony count, and colony counts within and between groups were compared before and after disinfection. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 24.0 software.@*Results@#The baseline number of bacterial colonies in the first three groups was balanced, with no statistically significant difference (χ2 = 0.538, P = 0.764). The number of bacterial colonies after washing and disinfection was lower than that before washing and disinfection. The difference between 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant and 3% hydrogen peroxide disinfectant before and after disinfection was highly significant (Z = -4.801, P<0.001; Z = -4.429, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the disinfection effect of 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant and 3% hydrogen peroxide disinfectant, but they were both better than the control group (χ2 = 18.070, P<0.001).@*Conclusion@#Disinfecting the saliva suction pipe with disinfectant between diagnosis and treatment can effectively reduce the bacterial contamination at the fixed end threaded plastic hose interface of the saliva suction pipe. The disinfection method is simple and convenient, and it is worth applying in the oral clinic.

Bioaerosol Contamination In Dental Clinic : A Potential Health Hazard.

Dental clinics are potential hazardous areas as large amount of bio-aerosols are produced here. Bioaerosols are microorganisms or particles, gases, vapors, or fragments of biological origin (i.e., alive or released from a living organism) that are in the air. Many sources of bioaerosols exist within and outside the dental clinic. The concentration of aerosols and splatters appears to be highest during dental procedures, especially those generated by some procedures such as ultrasonic scaling, or using a high speed drill. Bioaerosols may reach up to 12-16 feet from the source during patient care and may stay suspended in the air for hours if there is inadequate ventilation of air exchanges. Therefore, several infectious diseases could be transmitted to staff and patients by airborne bacterial and other contaminants in the dental clinic. Dental staff should use personal protective measures, which reduce contact with bacterial aerosols and splatters in the dental clinic.

Contaminación microbiana en las líneas de agua de las unidades odontológicas / Microbial contamination in the water lines of dental inits

Los microorganismos son responsables de múltiples patologías e infecciones. De esta manera, es fundamental controlar la microbiota que se encuentra en el agua que sale de la jeringa triple y que es usada para la irrigación en diferentes procedimientos odontológicos como en cirugía, periodoncia, endodoncia, entre otros, para producir el éxito a largo plazo. El objetivo de éste estudio fue identificar las especies microbianas (bacterianas y micóticas) cultivables, presentes en las líneas de agua de las unidades odontológicas en una clínica privada en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Se evaluaron por conveniencia y al azar 11 unidades odontológicas de 89, de cada una se recolectó una muestra de agua de 500 ml expulsada por la jeringa triple. El análisis consistió en búsqueda de coliformes totales y recuento de microorganismos cultivables como también recuento de hongos filamentosos y levaduras. El recuento de microorganismos mesófilos osciló entre 40 UFC y más de 200 UFC. Se aislaron microorganismos como Aeromona Salmonicida, Actinobacilus sp y Speudomona maltophil. No se encontraron coliformes totales ni fecales. La alta contaminación indica formación de una biopelícula madura, pero la ausencia de coliformes totales y fecales señala que el agua está bien tratada, pero en algún sitio de la línea de agua hay formación de biopelículas.

Microorganisms are responsible for multiple infections and pathologies; this is why it is important to control microbes that can be found in the triple syringe used for irrigation in different dental procedures. The aim of this study was to identify cultivable species of microbes (fungus and bacteria) found in some dental units water lines of a private dental clinic from Medellín, Colombia. Random samples were taken from 11 chairs from a total of 89; a sample of water of 500ml was collected from the triple syringe of each selected chair. The study aim to search for the presence of total coliforms, filamentous fungi and leavened. The average presence of microorganisms was between 40CFU and more of 200 CFU. Microorganisms such as Aeromona salmonicida, Actinobacilus sp and Pseudomona maltophil were isolated. No total coliforms neither fecal coliforms were found. The high levels of contamination suggest that there is a mature biofilm in somewhere of the dental unit water line, but the absence of total and fecalis coliforms suggest that the water had been treated.

The microbiological quality of water from dental unit waterlines in Malaysian Armed Forces dental centres

Water quality in the dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) is important to the patients and dental health care personnel as they are at risk of being infected with opportunistic pathogens such as Pseudomonas or Legionella species. In this study, a total of 86 samples were collected from DUWLs of 19 dental units in 11 Malaysian Armed Forces dental centres (MAFDC). 350 ml water sample was collected in sterile thiosulphite bags from the outlets of 3–way syringe, high speed handpiece, scaler, cup filler, independent water reservoir or the tap of the same surgery respectively. Samples were transported to the laboratory within 24 hours and kept in the refrigerator at 40C. 100ml of each sample was filtered through a 0.45 μm polycarbonate membrane filter. The filter was then inoculated onto plate count agar and incubated at 370 C for 24 hours, after which the formed colonies were enumerated. Another separate 100ml of water sample was poured onto buffered charcoal yeast extract agar and cetrimide agar to culture Legionnella and Pseudomonas respectively. Identification of these bacteria were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in 9.5% of the samples but Legionnella was not detected in any of the samples. 77% of the samples met American Dental Association (ADA) recommendation of less than 200 cfu/ml. The result of this study showed that it is difficult if not impossible to eliminate biofilm from the DUWLs. Regular monitor of water quality from DUWL is required to maximise the health of the dental patients and dental health care personnel.

A survey of the bacterial diversity in the cup filler of dental chair units

Water from the cup filler of dental chair units (CFDC) was observed to contain sphingomonads, environmental mycobacteria and methylobacteria, among other minor bacteria. Some of the bacteria detected are recognized opportunistic pathogens. Some of these, tended to persist over time.

Science Regarding Dental Unit Water Lines (DUWL): A Review.

Water is used as a Coolant and irrigant for various dental procedures. This water that flows through the Dental Unit Water Line (DUWL) should be free of contamination. The microorganisms contaminating the dental unit supplies is different from those which contaminate the drinking water. This article reviews the different provisions to be made in the water pipeline systems to prevent contamination.