Dermatoglyphic Profiles of Competitive Athletes: CrossFit and Ultra-Marathon / Perfiles Dermatoglíficos de Deportistas Competitivos: CrossFit y Ultramaratón

SUMMARY: In the sports field, sports are usually classified according to the predominance of the energy system used during the competition; sports like Crossfit and ultra-marathon could be totally opposite due to the needs of athletes to achieve good places. Due to the above, the objective was established to compare the dermatoglyphic profiles of CrossFit and Ultra-marathon athletes according to the predisposition of the energy systems, aerobic and anaerobic, used in the competitions. Cross-sectional descriptive study, where the dermatoglyphic profile of 21 athletes of national presence (10 crossfit and 11 ultra-marathon runners) was determined, through the Computerized Dermatoglyphic System, brand Salus Dermatoglifia, according to the Cummins and Midlo protocol, which consists of taking the fingerprints of the 10 fingers of the hands. The fingerprint designs of the human being (arch, loop and whorl) and the elements contained in them (nucleus and delta) were analyzed, differences were established through the Analysis of Variance test in the SPSS V.25 statistical package. The results show significant differences between the average scores of the line count of both disciplines (108 and 165), being higher in ultra-marathon runners, associated with greater aerobic resistance. Another significant and relevant finding was the presence of arch-type fingerprints only in CrossFit athletes associated, along with low line count, with strength and power. It is concluded that Crossfit and Ultra-marathon athletes have dissimilar natural physical characteristics, which is why they participate and excel in different sports where they have enhanced their natural physical abilities through training.

En el ámbito deportivo, los deportes suelen clasificarse según el predominio del sistema energético utilizado durante la competición; Deportes como el Crossfit y la ultramaratón podrían ser totalmente opuestos debido a las necesidades de los deportistas de conseguir buenos lugares. Debido a lo anterior, se estableció como objetivo comparar los perfiles dermatoglíficos de atletas de CrossFit y Ultramaratón según la predisposición de los sistemas energéticos, aeróbico y anaeróbico, utilizados en las competencias. Estudio descriptivo transversal, donde se determinó el perfil dermatoglífico de 21 deportistas de presencia nacional (10 crossfit y 11 ultramaratonistas), a través del Sistema Dermatoglífico Computarizado, marca Salus Dermatoglifia, según el protocolo Cummins y Midlo, el cual consta de tomando las huellas dactilares de los 10 dedos de las manos. Se analizaron los diseños dactilares del ser humano (arco, asa y verticilo) y los elementos contenidos en ellos (núcleo y delta), se establecieron diferencias mediante la prueba de Análisis de Varianza en el paquete estadístico SPSS V.25. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas entre las puntuaciones medias del recuento de líneas de ambas disciplinas (108 y 165), siendo superiores en los corredores de ultramaratón, asociado a una mayor resistencia aeróbica. Otro hallazgo significativo y relevante fue la presencia de huellas dactilares tipo arco sólo en atletas de CrossFit asociadas, junto con un bajo número de líneas, con fuerza y potencia. Se concluye que los atletas de Crossfit y Ultramaratón tienen características físicas naturales disímiles, por lo que participan y destacan en diferentes deportes donde han potenciado sus capacidades físicas naturales a través del entrenamiento.

Dermatóglífos de mulheres obesas brasileiras / Brazilian obese women dermatoglyphics

Modelo de Estudo: Pesquisa descritiva, observacional, transversal. Introdução: A obesidade é doença complexa, multifatorial envolvendo determinantes genéticos, endócrinos, demográficos, socioeconômicos e epidemiológicos. A busca de respectivos indicadores hereditários de risco expressa-se cada vez maior, sobretudo por aplicação de metodologias simples e de baixo custo, aí incluídos os dermatóglifos. Objetivo: Investigar o perfil dermatoglífico de trinta mulheres brasileiras, com idade média de 46,1 ± 07,87 anos e percentual de gordura corporal igual ou superior a 30%. Resultados: Observou-se predominância de arcos, baixa freqüência de presilhas e elevado número de verticilos do dedo IV, além da freqüência dos raros padrões palmares na área interdigital 2. Conclusões: No cotejo com estudos com outras populações, tais achados confirmam a reconhecida variabilidade das frequências dos dermatóglifos em diferentes grupos populacionais,mas destacam a convergência dos achados em obesas, independentemente das diferentes origens pessoais das mesmas. Acumularam-se, assim, evidências adicionais acerca do componente constitucional da obesidade.

Study design: descriptive, observational, cross-sectional. Purpose: Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease, including genetic and endocrine factors, demographic, socioeconomic, and epidemiological changes. It affects children, adults, and elderly persons. Searching respective hereditary risk indicators is increasing, mainly by applying simple and low-costmethodology. We included thus dermatoglyphics. Objective: To investigated 30 Brazilian women dermatoglyphic profiles, 46.1 ± 07.87 years old, and body fat % equal or higher than 30%. Results: Arch predominance, low loop frequency, and high amount of IV-finger whorls were observed, as well as frequency of rare palmar pattern in 2-interdigital area. Conclusions: Data confirm the variability of dermatoglyphics frequency in different population groups, revealing that the findings meant obesity, regardless of women's different personal characteristics. Thus, additional evidences on constitutional component of obesity have been accumulated.

Dermatoglyphic traits of six Chibcha-speaking Amerindians of Costa Rica, and an assessment of the genetic affinities among populations

Dermatoglyphic traits have been used to evaluate population structure and microdifferentiation in several populations. For Chibcha-speaking groups of Lower Central America there are few dermatoglyphic studies, but extensive linguistic, anthropological and genetic data support their historical, cultural and biological relationships. The main objectives of this study were to describe new dermatoglyphic data for six Chibcha- speaking Amerindians of Costa Rica, and to assess the relationships between these and other Amerindian and Eskimo groups, at different levels of population differentiation by means of multivariate analyses of quantitative traits. Sexual (2 =227.22, df=33, p<0.01),, and bimanual (2 =554.45, df=33, p<0.01) differences were both significant for the overall population, as has been reported previously. Remarkably, higher frequencies of arches, lower frequencies of whorls and lower means of total ridge counts were observed in the tribes analyzed compared with other American indians. At the lowest level of population differentiation, two Cabecar subpopulations (Aatlantic and Chirripo) were compared and no significant differences were found (FF=0.001, p=0.72),, suggesting that dermatoglyphic variation might not reflect known genetic divergence at this level of association. Comparisons within the Chibchan dataset using Principal Components Analysis (PPCA) placed the Huetar and the Cabecar in close proximity, and separated the Guatuso and the Guaymi. Additionally, the Chibchan tribes, although showing nearer proximity to Non-Andean South American groups, can be separated from other Amerindian and Eskimo populations, confirming previous results based on extensive genetic surveys and linguistic analyses that have demonstrated the existence of a Chibchan cluster within a larger South American phylogenetic group. The results obtained support the use of dermatoglyphics to assess interpopulation affinities, even at the level of tribes. Rev. Biol. Trop. 57 (SSuppl. 1): 357-369. Epub 2009 November 30.

Los dermatoglifos se han utilizado para evaluar la estructura poblacional y microdiferenciación de varias poblaciones. Para los grupos chibcha de Baja Centroamérica hay pocos estudios sobre dermatoglifos pero los datos lingüísticos, antropológicos y genéticos muestran la existencia de relaciones históricas, culturales y biológicas. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron describir nuevos datos de dermatoglifos para seis tribus amerindias chibcha de Costa Rica y evaluar las relaciones entre estas y otros grupos amerindios y esquimales, a diferentes niveles de diferenciación poblacional por medio de análisis multivariados. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos sexos (2=27.22, df=3, p<0.01) y ambas manos (2=54.45, df=3, p<0.01), similar a lo descrito para otras poblaciones. Las tribus estudiadas se caracterizan por presentar alta frecuencia de arcos, baja frecuencia de verticilos y bajo conteo total de líneas. Al nivel más bajo de diferenciación poblacional, se compararon dos subpoblaciones cabécar (Atlántico y Chirripo) y no se encontraron diferencias significativas (F=0.001, p=0.72) lo cual sugiere que los dermatoglifos no permiten discriminar entre grupos a este nivel. Las comparaciones entre las tribus chibcha estudiadas por medio de análisis de componentes principales (PCA) ubican a los huetar cercanos a los cabécar; mientras que los guatuso y guaymí aparecen como grupos más aislados. Adicionalmente, el grupo chibcha, aunque muestra mayor afinidad con poblaciones suramericanas, puede separarse de otras tribus amerindias y esquimales, confirmando los resultados de estudios genéticos y lingüísticos que han colocado a los chibchas dentro del un grupo filogenético mayor formado por tribus amerindias de Suramerica. Dichos resultados confirman el valor de las características dermatoglíficas para evaluar las afinidades interpoblacionales aún a nivel de tribus.