Dermolipectomía por lipodistrofia abdominal grave en obesidad mórbida / Dermolipectomy for severe abdominal lipodystrophy in morbid obesity

RESUMEN La obesidad y el sobrepeso se definen como una acumulación anormal o excesiva de grasa que puede ser perjudicial para la salud. Es una enfermedad crónica de origen multifactorial, que como consecuencia ocasiona problemas higiénicos, discapacidad funcional y alteración de la calidad de vida. La dermolipectomía abdominal es una técnica quirúrgica que constituye la única opción para el tratamiento de pacientes con panículo adiposo prominente; de esa forma se logra disminuir las complicaciones y se reintegra socialmente al paciente que, a causa del enorme faldón abdominal, estuvo limitado por muchos años. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 53 años con lipodistrofia abdominal grave, que llegaba a ambos tobillos con afectación cutánea, y discapacidad para realizar actividades diarias, resuelta con dermolipectomía abdominal y resección de 29 kg de tejido dermograso. Se realizará, además, una revisión bibliográfica del tema.

ABSTRACT Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. It is a chronic disease caused by multiple factors, which results in hygienic issues, functional disability and impaired quality of life. Abdominal dermolipectomy is the only surgical option for the treatment of patients with prominent panniculus morbidus, thus reducing complications and providing social reintegration for the patient who has been limited for many years due to the enormous abdominal panniculus. We report the case of a 53-year-old female patient with severe abdominal lipodystrophy with coverage of both ankles, skin involvement, and disability to perform daily activities, that was managed with abdominal dermolipectomy and resection of 29 kg of dermo-adipose tissue. Bibliographic research is also presented.

Avaliação da redução tensional sobre a cicatriz em abdominoplastia com o uso de pontos de adesão de Baroudi / Evaluation of Tension Reduction on Abdominoplasty Scar Using Baroudi Adhesion Sutures

Introdução: Em 1988, Baroudi et al. publicaram um trabalho descrevendo a utilização de pontos de adesão entre o retalho dermoadiposo e a bainha anterior do músculo reto do abdome, no intuito de diminuir a formação de seroma. O presente estudo propõe-se a demonstrar uma provável correlação entre os pontos de adesão de Baroudi com a força tensional do retalho, através da medida da distância da cicatriz abdominal inferior ao xifoide antes e após os pontos de Baroudi, no transoperatório de dermolipectomia. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo observacional. Foram selecionadas submetidas a lipoabdominoplastia no Serviço de Cirurgia Plástica da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, no período de janeiro a abril de 2019. Aferiram-se as medidas transoperatórias da distância do apêndice xifoide esternal à cicatriz umbilical, e da primeira à cicatriz cirúrgica, pré e pós-realização dos pontos de adesão de Baroudi. A análise estatística foi realizada com o software Excel®. Resultados: Verificou-se a diminuição das distâncias apêndice xifoidecicatriz umbilical e apêndice xifoide-cicatriz após a realização da sutura de Baroudi (média de 1,5cm), pressupondo-se diminuição da tensão da cicatriz. Conclusão: As medidas aferidas no presente estudo mostraram uma diminuição da distância xifoide-cicatriz umbilical e xifoide-cicatriz abdominal inferior após a realização dos pontos de Baroudi, evidenciando uma menor tensão na cicatriz. Sugere-se estudos para avaliar como essas medidas se comportam a longo prazo e se realmente se correlacionam a uma cicatriz de melhor qualidade.

Introduction: In 1988, Baroudi et al. published a paper describing the use of adhesion points between the dermoadipose flap and the anterior rectus abdominis sheath to reduce seroma formation. This study aimed to demonstrate a probable correlation between the use of Baroudi adhesion points and reduction in flap tension force by measuring the distance from the lower abdominal scar to the xiphoid before and after using Baroudi points in dermolipectomy transoperatory. Methods: This was a prospective observational study that selected patients who underwent lipoabdominoplasty at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia Plastic Surgery Service of Porto Alegre from January to April 2019. The transoperatory measurements of distance from the sternal xiphoid appendix to the umbilical scar and from the pre-xiphoid to the postxiphoid scar before and after execution of Baroudi's adhesion points were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel® software. Results: A reduction in the distances between the xiphoid-umbilical scar appendix and xiphoidscar appendix was verified after execution of Baroudi suture (mean 1.5 cm), indicating a decrease in scar tension. Conclusion: There was a decrease in the xiphoid-umbilical scar and xiphoid-lower abdominal scar distance after Baroudi stitches, indicating lower scar-tissue tension. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate these measurements in the long term and their correlation with a better-quality scar.

Dermolipectomía abdominal funcional en paciente de alto riesgo quirúrgico / Functional abdominal dermolipectomy in patient with high surgical risk

La obesidad mórbida aparece como estadio final de la obesidad. Es una enfermedad crónica de origen multifactorial caracterizada por acumulación excesiva de grasa o hipertrofia del tejido adiposo, ocasionando problemas higiénicos, discapacidad funcional, afectando la calidad de vida. Se presenta paciente masculino de 66 años de edad, con panículo adiposo colgante severo, llegando a ambas rodillas con afectación cutánea, limitación funcional, movilización dependiente y discapacidad para realizar actividades diarias, siendo un paciente con alto riesgo y lipodistrofia abdominal severa. Se realizó Dermolipectomía Abdominal Funcional con resección de 20 kg de tejido dermograso. No presentó complicaciones y se logró su reincorporación social. La Dermolipectomía Abdominal Funcional constituye la única opción para el tratamiento de pacientes con vientre péndulo. Aplicando cuidados perioperatorios adecuados se logra disminuir el número de complicaciones y se reintegra socialmente a un paciente minusválido que, a causa del enorme faldón abdominal estuvo limitado por muchos años.

Morbid obesity appears as final stage of obesity. It is a chronic disease of multifactorial origin characterized by excessive accumulation of fat or hypertrophy of adipose tissue, causing hygienic problems, functional disability, affecting the quality of life. It is presented a male patient of 66 years oíd, with severe hanging panniculus adipose, reaching both knees with skin involvement, functional limitation, dependent mobilization and disability to perform daily activities, is a patient with high risk and severe abdominal lipodystrophy. Functional Abdominal Dermolipectomy was performed with resection of 20 kg of dermo-fat tissue. There were no complications and his social reincorporation was achieved. Functional Abdominal Dermolipectomy is the only option for treatment of patients with a pendulum belly. By applying adequate perioperative care, the number of complications is reduced and socially reintegrated into a handicapped patient who, due to the enormous abdominal skirt, was limited for many years.

Hernioplastia incisional y abdominoplastia simultáneas como métodos quirúrgicos seguros y eficaces / Simultaneous incisional hernioplasty and abdominoplasty as effective and safe surgical methods

Introducción: la hernioplastia-abdominoplastia simultáneas producen resultados clínicos-estéticos favorables en pacientes con exceso de piel y tejido graso en abdomen inferior. Objetivo: evaluar los resultados de estos métodos quirúrgicos. Método: se efectuó un estudio prospectivo de 16 pacientes operadas de hernia incisional y abdomen péndulo en el Hospital General Universitario Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, durante el bienio 2015-2016. Resultados: predominaron la hernia infraumbilical, el anillo de 10-15 centímetros, las técnicas de dermolipectomía y Rives, así como el seroma como complicación posoperatoria. La edad media fue de 40 años; se realizó profilaxis antimicrobiana y antitrombótica. Se usó la prótesis de polipropileno en 100,0 por ciento de las afectadas. Conclusión: la eventroplastia y abdominoplastia son métodos seguros y eficaces en pacientes adecuadamente seleccionados

Introduction: simultaneous hernioplasty-abdominoplasty provoque favorable clinic-cosmetic results in patients with excess skin and adipose tissue in the lower abdomen. Objective: to evaluate the results of these surgical methods. Method: a prospective study of 16 operated patients with incisional hernia and pendulum abdomen was carried out in Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso University General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, during 2015-2016. Results: There was a prevalence of the imphraumbilical hernia, 10-15 cm ring, dermolipectomy and Rives technique, as well as seroma as postoperative complication. The mean age was 40 years; antimicrobian and antithrombotic prophylaxis were carried out. The polypropylene prosthesis was used in 100 percent of the affected patients. Conclusion: eventroplasty and abdominoplasty are safe and effective methods in patients adequately selected

Abdominal Dermolipectomy Using Bicycle Handlebar Incision

Abdominal Dermolipectomy using bicycle handle bar incision was anounced to be effective incision method for hiding the postoperative scar by Baroudi in 1989. The authors experienced 8 cases by Baroudi's incision method; 7 women and 1 man of the correction of abdominal deformities from 1998 to 2002. The abdominal deformities ranged from Grade III to IV by Matarasso's classification. Baroudi's bicycle handlebar incision was used. Suction assisted lipoplasty in 7 cases and ultra-sound assisted liposuction in 1 case were used with abdominal dermolipectomy. Changes of body contour were found in all cases and postoperative scars were minimal. But in 3 cases, reverse T-shaped scar was developed and in 1 case, which performed ultra-sound assisted liposuction simultaneously, skin necrosis was developed. In conclusion, dermolipectomy using Baroudi's bicycle handlebar incision was an effective technique for covering the postoperative scar even though they wear the V-shaped underwear.