Ensino emergencial remoto: uma perspectiva da neurofisiologia / Remote emergency teaching: a neurophysiology perspective

No ano de 2020, iniciou-se uma emergência de saúde pública mundial. A fim de frear a transmissão do SARSCoV-2, foram aplicadas medidas de distanciamento social, que reduziram o contato interpessoal e deflagraram mudanças profundas em comportamentos relacionados à interação social. Os sistemas educacionais ao redor do mundo têm se adaptado a esta nova realidade, adotando protocolos emergenciais caracterizados, em grande parte, pela substituição das atividades presenciais pelas virtuais. O objetivo deste artigo é dialogar sobre os impactos do distanciamento social no ensino superior através de uma abordagem neurofisiológica, conectando estresse, empatia e o contexto histórico do ensino emergencial quando comparado ao Ensino à Distância, além das ferramentas à nossa disposição e as complexidades do ambiente virtual. Os professores devem estar conscientes do impacto do estresse e do uso de ferramentas digitais e de ensino à distância na formação dos estudantes, buscando formas responsáveis de passar por este momento histórico e estratégias para lidar eficientemente com os desafios no ensino evocados pela pandemia.

In 2020, a worldwide public health emergency began. In order to curb the transmission of the SARS CoV-2, measures of social distancing were applied, which reduced interpersonal contact and triggered profound changes in behaviors related to social interaction. Educational systems around the world have adapted to this new reality, adopting emergency protocols characterized, in large part, by replacing classroom activities with virtual ones. The objective of this article is to discuss the impacts of social distancing in higher education through a neurophysiological approach, connecting stress, empathy and the historical context of emergency education when compared to Distance Learning, in addition to the tools at our disposal and the complexities of the virtual environment. Teachers must be aware of the impact of stress and the use of digital and distance learning tools on student training, looking for responsible ways to go through this historical moment and strategies to deal effectively with the teaching challenges evoked by the pandemic.

Hunter Syndrome.

he mini review of Hunter syndrome aimed to explore etiology, incidence, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment by reviewing recent literatures. Hunter syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis II: MPS II) is a genetic lysosomal storage disease which is rare, It's caused by deficiency of the enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase (I2S). Initial manifestations of Hunter syndrome are not present at birth, but often begin around ages of 2 to 4, which may include macrocephaly, thickened lips, facial features with typical coarseness like a prominent forehead, a nose with a flattened bridge, and an enlarged protruded tongue, cardiomyopathy, bone deformities, Mongolian spots over the buttocks and neurologic deficits. Hunter syndrome is commonly diagnosed by urine test for glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Management of MPS II involves palliative treatment, or hematopoietic stem cell therapy (HSCT) which is more effective at an early stage than the enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) by Idursulfase. Intrathecal ERT is under clinical trial and fusion protein treatments, and gene therapy is under development.

Expression and clinical significance of telomerase and hTERT in ovarian neoplasm tissues / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To discuss the expression and clinical significance of telomerase and hTERT in ovarian neoplasm tissues . Methods The activities of telomerase and the expression levels of hTERT mRNA were detected in the tissues of malignant ovarian neoplasm ,benign ovarian neoplasm and normal ovarian respectively ,and the results were analyzed .Results Comparing with the tis‐sues of benign ovarian neoplasm and normal ovarian ,the activity of telomerase and the expression level of hTERT mRNA increased in malignant ovarian neoplasm tissues ,and the differences were statistically significant(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The telomerase plays an important role in the occurrence and development of malignant ovarian neoplasm .The detection of telomerase activity can help in early diagnosis of malignant ovarian neoplasm .

Mucopolisacaridosis de tipo I Hurler: Informe de un caso / Mucopolysaccharidosis I, Hurler syndrome: A case report

La mucopolisacaridosis de tipo I (MPS I), es una enfermedad genética autosómica recesiva de origen lisosomal, caracterizada por la deficiencia de la enzima a-L-iduronidasa. La deficiencia en el catabolismo de los glucosaminoglucanos resulta en su acumulación en diferentes tejidos y órganos. La incidencia global de la MPS I es de 0,99-1,99/100 000 nacidos vivos. Existen tres presentaciones clínicas: Hurler (grave), Hurler-Scheie (moderada) y Scheie (leve). Presentamos el caso de un niño de 10 años de edad a quien se le diagnosticó MPS I, de variedad grave en el año 2006, mediante medición de la actividad enzimática de a-L-iduronidasa en leucocitos. Este caso es el único con diagnóstico confirmado y tratamiento enzimático hasta el momento, en el Perú. Presenta infecciones respiratorias recurrentes, hernia umbilical, opacidad corneal, rasgos toscos, macroglosia, hipoacusia, rigidez articular, estenosis de la válvula pulmonar leve-moderada, manos en garra, retardo mental y retraso del crecimiento. Recibe terapia de reemplazo enzimático desde el año 2008, mostrando mejoría de los síntomas viscerales, más no del daño neurológico.

Mucopolysaccharidosis I (MPS I) is a rare, recessively inherited, lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency on the enzyme a-L-iduronidase. This defect results in accumulation of heparan and dermatan sulfate in different tissues and organs due to a deficiency in the catabolism of glycosaminoglycans. The overall incidence of MPS I is 0.99-1.99/100.000 live births. There are three clinical presentations: Hurler (severe), Hurler Scheie (mild) and Scheie (mild). We report the case of a 10-years-old male patient diagnosed with Hurler syndrome, the severe presentation, 5 years ago by enzyme a-L-iduronidase activity measurement in leukocytes; with a history of recurrent respiratory infections, umbilical hernia, corneal opacity, coarse facial features, macroglossia, hearing loss, stiffness of joints, cardiac compromise, claw hands, mental retardation and stunted growth. After enzyme replacement therapy the patient has shown improvement of visceral symptoms, but the neurological damage continuous in progress.

Role of telomere, telomerase and hTERT in colorectal carcinoma / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To explore the role of terminal restric tion fragments (TRFs), telomerase activity and expression of human telomerase re verse transcriptase (hTERT) in colorectal carcinoma. Methods:The telomere length, telomerase activity and expression of hTERT were studied with Southern-blot, TRAP and immunohistochemistry, respe ctively. Results:TRFs in cancer tissue was much shorter than in the adja cent tissues and normal mucosa, and TRFs was decreased gradually along with the development in cancer stage.The expression of Telomerase in colorectal carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in other tissues (P